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1902 DIGILAW 45 (CAL)

Loke Nath Saha Chowdry v. Nidu Biswas

1902-02-11

body1902
JUDGMENT 1. In the matter before us a Subordinate Magistrate passed an order under sec. 146, Code of Criminal Procedure, attaching certain lauds, the subject-matter of proceedings, under sec. 145 and in management of this property granted a lease. The District Magistrate has cancelled this lease and made another arrangement. We are required by this rule to consider whether the District Magistrate acted without jurisdiction. It is necessary also to consider whether this Court has jurisdiction to act as a Court of Revision in such a matter, and if so, whether it should do so having regard to the circumstances of the case. The law permits the intervention of a Magistrate in a dispute concerning the possession of land only to prevent a breach of the peace. Any order that he may pass declaring or maintaining the possession of one of the party to the dispute is operative until the party in whose favour it is made is "evicted therefrom in due course of law," sec. 145. Under certain circumstances, in cases under sec. 146 he may attach the property in dispute but the duration of such attachment is similarly limited. "He may attach it until a competent Court has determined the rights of the parties thereto or the person entitled to possession thereof." Sec. 135 of Code of 1898 places proceedings under this chapter beyond the powers of the High Court in Revision leaving the parties to their remedy in the Civil Court. The High Court has however under powers conferred by the Charter Act taken cognizance of such matters if it is shown that the proceedings are without jurisdiction. There is no case that we are aware of in which the High Court has interfered with an order relating to the management of property under attachment by reason of an order under sec. 146. The question therefore arises whether the High Court can interfere in such a matter. If for purposes of management the attached property had been made over to the Collector or a Revenue-officer, no question of jurisdiction in regard to an order made by him could properly be raised before the High Court in its criminal jurisdiction. We may take it also that an order passed by a Receiver would lie beyond such jurisdiction. Does the fact that the order objected to has been passed by the District Magistrate make the matter different ? We may take it also that an order passed by a Receiver would lie beyond such jurisdiction. Does the fact that the order objected to has been passed by the District Magistrate make the matter different ? We think that no distinction can be properly made. But such a matter can be also regarded from another point of view. If the High Court could act should it do so? The intervention of the Magistrate as has been already shown is only temporary. The parties are left to their remedy in the Civil Court for a final decision as to their respective right. In the present case the Petitioner complains of the injury likely to be canned by the Magistrate's order "in the event of a declaration by the Civil Court in his favour." It is beyond doubt that recourse must be had to the Civil Court for a final settlement of the matter in dispute pending which the Magistrate by an attachment holds the land. Surely therefore if anything is done during the attachment to which a party to the proceedings objects he should go to the Civil Court at once which has ample jurisdiction to deal with the whole question and to remedy anything done likely to injure the party who may ultimately succeed in obtaining possession of the property. It is not the policy of the law to interpose any obstacle to such final settlement nor is it in any point of view that a Criminal Bench of the High Court should consider the propriety or legality of an order (supposing that it has jurisdiction to do so) when a remedy can be easily obtained from a Civil Court. Such intervention would moreover only tend to prolong an attachment which obviously should be as short as possible in duration. The rule is therefore discharged as without merit on either ground.