JUDGMENT Miller, J. 1. The Estates Land Act received the assent of the Governor of Madras on 25th March 1908, but by virtue of Section 40 of the Indian Councils Act, 1861, (24 & 25 Vict. C. 67) had no validity; that is to say, did not become law before it received the assent of the Governor-General on the 28ch of June 19C8. It came into operation on the 1st of July 1908, two days later.