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1951 DIGILAW 325 (MAD)

Thiruvathammal v. Vagunathan alias Kuppa Goundan

1951-10-23

CHANDRA REDDI

body1951
Judgment.- This second appeal is filed by the two plaintiffs in O.S. No. 344 of 1945, who are aggrieved by the dismissal of their suit by the Courts below. They instituted the said suit in the Court of the District Munsiff of Tirupattur for recovering a sum of Rs. 850 for the expenses incurred in connection with the second plaintiff’s marriage, and Rs. 116-3-0 interest that accrued thereon upto the date of the plaint. The first plaintiff is the mother of the second plaintiff and the wife of the defendant. The marriage between the first plaintiff and the defendant did not prove to be a happy one, and in or about 1925, the plaintiff separated herself from her husband on the latter agreeing to pay maintenance,. as provided in Ex. P-1. At that time, the second plaintiff was only two years old. Subsequently, the defendant married a second wife, and by her had some daughters. In 1940, the defendant issued a notice under Ex. P-2 calling upon his wife not to get the second plaintiff married to the former’s brother, and leave the question of the second plaintiff’s marriage to him. In spite of this, the second plaintiff was married to the first plaintiff’s brother, and the defendant was called upon to meet the expenses of this marriage. As he refused to do so, the plaintiffs instituted the present suit for the recovery of the amount mentioned above. The suit was opposed on various grounds relating to the customs of the community according to which the marriage expenses are not incurred by the bride’s party. It is to be noted that there is no plea raised in the written statement that there is no legal obligation on the part of the father to bear the expenses of the daughter’s marriage. The Courts below dismissed the suit holding that there was no legal obligation on the part of the father to perform the marriage of his daughter and in support of this view they relied upon a decision of a Bench of this Court in Sundari Ammal v. Subramania Aiyar1, where it was held that a wife, who spent money on her daughter’s marriage was not entitled to recover it from the husband. In Subbayya v. Ananda Ramayya2, a Full Bench of this Court expressed the opinion that there was a legal obligation on the part of the father to meet the marriage expenses of the daughter, if the family was possessed of joint family property. Referring to Sundari Ammal v. Subramania Aiyar1and to an earlier decision in Seshammal v. Muniswami Mudaliar3, Ramaesam, J., who was one of the members of the Full Bench, observed that in those cases it did not appear that the father was a member of the joint family or had ancestral property. In Ranganayaki Ammal v. Ramanuja Aiyangar4the claim of a daughter-in-law, to recover the marriage expenses of her daughter from her father-in-law, who was in possession of the joint family properties was upheld. What emerges from these decided cases is that the father has a legal obligation to meet the marriage expenses of his daughter, if it is shown that there is joint family property. But if there is no joint family property, the obligation of the father is only a moral or natural obligation, but not a legal obligation. Therefore, the main question that arises for consideration in this appeal is whether the defendant in this case was in possession of the joint family property. Though the question of the possession of joint family property was not specifically raised either in the plaint or in the written statement, the defendant had specifically admitted that the property in his possession was ancestral property. On this admission it is not open to doubt that the property in the possession of the defendant was ancestral property, and from this flows his legal obligation to meet the marriage expenses of his daughter. Though the attention of the lower appellate Court was drawn to the ruling in Subbayya v. Ananda Ramayya2, it contented itself by observing that the facts of the present case were entirely different from the facts in Subbayya v. Ananda Ramayya2. The learned Judge does not state how the facts of the present case were different from those in Subbayya v. Ananda Ramayya2. The Court below entirely overlooked the distinction pointed out in Subbayya v. Ananda Ramayya2, between the liability of the father to meet the marriage expenses of the daughter when he is possessed of. joint family property, and the liability of such a father when he is not possessed of any joint family property. The Court below entirely overlooked the distinction pointed out in Subbayya v. Ananda Ramayya2, between the liability of the father to meet the marriage expenses of the daughter when he is possessed of. joint family property, and the liability of such a father when he is not possessed of any joint family property. It follows that the judgment of the Courts below dismissing the suit on the ground that there is no liability on the part of the father, has to be set aside. The case has to go back to the Trial Court for an enquiry as to the amount to which the plaintiffs would be entitled. In the result, the second appeal is allowed and the case remanded to the Trial Court for disposal according to law and in the light of the observation made above. The appellants will have refund of the Court-fee paid by them in this second appeal. I make no order as to costs. No leave. K.S. ----- Appeal allowed. Case remanded.