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Himachal Pradesh High Court · body

1952 DIGILAW 15 (HP)

Sm. Kalawati v. The State

1952-06-17

CHOWDHRY

body1952
Order :- As a result of a Government appeal under S. 417, Cr. P. C., Srimati Kalawati has been convicted by this Court under S. 302, read with S. 114, I. P. C., and sentenced to transportation for life. Her application for a certificate of fitness for appeal to the Honble the Supreme Court has been granted by me. This order refers to the application which she has filed for being granted bail to enable her to present an appeal to the Supreme Court. 2. The relevant provision of the Code is S. 426 (2B), which reads as follows : "Where a High Court is satisfied that a convicted person has been granted special leave to appeal to the Supreme Court against any sentence which the High Court has imposed or maintained, the High Court may, if it thinks fit, order that, pending the appeal the sentence or order appealed against be suspended, and also, if such person is in confinement, that he shall be released on bail." It was argued by the learned counsel for the petitioner that the words "special leave to appeal to the Supreme Court" in the above provision signify the same thing as the grant of a certificate by this Court as to the case being a fit one for appeal to the Supreme Court. It was pointed out that this is the inevitable conclusion to be arrived at since the words used are "appeal to" and not "appeal by" the Supreme Court. To my mind, however, the crucial words in the provision are "special leave". A reference to the provisions of Arts. 132, 134 and 136 of the Constitution will show that special leave is quite different from the certificate of fitness. The former can only be granted by the Supreme Court under Art. 136, and all that a High Court can do is to grant a certificate under Art. 132 (1) or under the Art. 134 (1) (c). 2a. The learned counsel for the petitioner cited to me the provisions of S. 411A (b) of the Code. He contended that as under that provision the effect of a leave of the appellate Court and of a certificate of the Judge who tried the case, is one and the same, namely, accrual of a right of appeal to the High Court, the two things were identical. He contended that as under that provision the effect of a leave of the appellate Court and of a certificate of the Judge who tried the case, is one and the same, namely, accrual of a right of appeal to the High Court, the two things were identical. He therefore wanted me by anology to draw the inference that, so far as the words "special leave" in S. 426 (2B) are concerned, they should be interpreted as being in effect the same as a certificate of the High Court. The contention is wholly untenable. The same effect may follow from two independent causes. In fact, S. 411A serves to emphasise the fact that the leave of the appellate Court is not the same thing as the certificate of the High Court. 3. There are other grounds too for not accepting the interpretation put by the learned counsel for the petitioner on the provisions of S. 426 (2B) of the Code. It requires that before granting bail the High Court should be satisfied that the convicted person has been granted special leave to appeal to the Supreme Court. If the provision also applied to the case of certificate, no question of the High Court being satisfied could arise for the certificate was granted by the High Court itself. On the other hand, the question of satisfaction would arise if the order in question were passed by another Court, in the present case the order granting special leave passed by the Supreme Court. 4. A comparison of the provisions of this sub-section with those of sub-s. (2A) also leads to the same conclusion. The satisfaction which is a condition precedent to the passing of an order of bail under the latter provision is that the convicted person intended to present an appeal. In that case, the convicted person is granted bail and time is granted to him to enable him to present his appeal and obtain orders of suspension of execution of sentence and of release on bail from the appellate Court. No such, or equivalent, provisions appear in sub-s. (2B), and this therefore confirms the view that the latter provision does not apply, as does the provision of sub-s. (2A), to the stage where the convicted person has not yet moved the appellate Court. 5. No such, or equivalent, provisions appear in sub-s. (2B), and this therefore confirms the view that the latter provision does not apply, as does the provision of sub-s. (2A), to the stage where the convicted person has not yet moved the appellate Court. 5. I am clearly of the opinion that bail can be granted to a convicted person by the High Court under the provisions of sub-s. (2B) of S. 426 of the Code only where the Supreme Court has already granted him special leave to appeal to that Court and not before or merely upon the certificate of the High Court under Art. 132 (1) or Art. 134 (1) (c). It may sound strange that there should exist this difference in the matter of the granting of bail by the High Court between a case where special leave has been granted by the Supreme Court and one where, though no such leave has been granted, the High Court certifies the case as a fit one for appeal to that Honble Court. It may even work hardship in certain cases. But that is a matter for the legislature. The Court must follow the law as it is, and not law as it thinks it should be. The application is rejected. Application rejected.