Judgement ORDER: This is a revision sought to be preferred against the conviction and sentence by the learned Sub-Magistrate of Udamalpet in C. O. No. 2776 of 1956 which were confirmed by the learned District Magistrate of Coimbatore in O. A. No. 56 of 1957. 2. On information received apparently that the accused was indugling in illicit distillation activities the Sub-Inspector of Police, P. W. 1, proceeded to the village of the accused, arrested him and enquired him. The accused took the Sub-Inspector to a place in front of his house and pointed out a spot. It was dug up and M. O. 1 a pot with fermented wash kept buried there was taken out. The accused was charged for an offence under S. 4 (1) (G) of the Madras Prohibition Act. The offence having been proved, the conviction and sentence of a fine of Rs. 80 followed. 3. The two points taken before me are that when the Sub-Inspector had proceeded to the village on information received apparently that the accused was indulging in illicit distillation activities, the information given by the accused to the Sub-Inspector leading to the discovery would amount to a repetition of the information already received which could not be considered as leading to a discovery coming within the purview of S. 27 of the Indian Evidence Act; and secondly that the place wherefrom the pot M. O. 1 was taken out was accessible to the public and therefore exclusive possession of this incriminating article cannot be brought home to the accused. 4. Point 1: There is no substance in this point because the information received apparently by the Sub-Inspector and which source had cannot be compelled to disclose was apparently general information of the illegal distillation activities of the accused. The particular discovery made was as a consequence of the information given by the accused and his pointing out the spot wherein he had buried M. O. 1 with fermented wash. But for this accused pointing out the spot the Sub-Inspector would never have been able to effect this recovery of M. O. 1. In fact the accused had all the wide open space of the village to secrete the pot with the fermented wash apart from other imaginable places where such secretion could be made. The Sub-Inspector might even spend weeks without being able to spot out this secret hiding place.
In fact the accused had all the wide open space of the village to secrete the pot with the fermented wash apart from other imaginable places where such secretion could be made. The Sub-Inspector might even spend weeks without being able to spot out this secret hiding place. In Ramakrishna Mithanlal Sharma v. State of Bombay, 1955 SCR 903 : ( (S) AIR 1955 SC 104 ) (A), it was held that where evidence was given by a police officer that in consequence of a certain statement made by the accused and at the instance of the accused a tin box was dug out of a mud house and the nature of the statement made or information given by the accused was not sought to be proved (as here) S. 27 of the Evidence Act was not attracted and prima facie there was nothing to prevent the evidence being admitted against the accused concerned. Durlay Nama Sudra v. Emperor, ILR 59 Cal 1040 : (AIR 1932 Cal 297) (B), was referred to. Point 1 fails. 5.Point 2: It is quite true that exclusive possession cannot be brought home to an accused if properties are discovered in open places equally accessible to members of the public as a result of the information given by him. Public Prosecutor v. Pakkiriswami, AIR 1929 Mad 846: 1929 Mad WN 785 (C); Ram Autar v. Emperor, AIR 1925 All 478: 26 Cri LJ 1022 (D); Amrit Sonar v. Emperor, 20 Cri LJ 439 : (AIR 1919 Pat 330) (E); Mangalya Ragho v. Emperor, AIR 1934 Nag 54 (P); Sohan Singh v. Emperor, AIR 1930 Lah 91: 31 Cri LJ 774 (G); Gulsheru v. Emperor, AIR 1932 Sind 180 (H). But at the same time if the property is found to be so hidden away that no ordinary member of the public could know of its existence there, the fact that it is on that particular persons information and pointing out unaccompanied by any explanation of innocent knowledge the incriminating article was discovered and recovered would lead to the presumption that he is the person who had secreted it there. It unmistakably shows that the accused was proceeding to the felony; Sher Mohd. v. Emperor, AIR 1945 Lah 27 at p. 32 (I); Mt.
It unmistakably shows that the accused was proceeding to the felony; Sher Mohd. v. Emperor, AIR 1945 Lah 27 at p. 32 (I); Mt. Jamunia Partap v. Emperor, AIR 1936 Nag 200: 37 Cri LJ 1047 (J); pointing out is evidence of conduct under S. 8, Indian Evidence Act. Where an accused gives information leading to discovery, and the exact spot where the ornaments were buried is shown and the articles dug out by him from beneath, the question is not so much whether the accused was in physical possession of the ornaments buried in the field, though as a matter of fact a person who buries treasure in a spot unknown to others is really in possession of it, whether it is in a field accessible to every one or in his own house. The important point is that the circumstances and conduct of the accused point clearly to his knowledge of the exact spot where the ornaments were and, in the absence of any explanation the reasonable inference is that he put them there himself. Such conduct taken in conjunction with other evidence is enough to warrant a presumption of complicity in the offence: AIR 1936 Nag 200 (J). Similarly it was held in Lachh-man Singh v. State, AIR 1952 SC 167 : 1952 Cri. LJ 863: 1952 SCR 839 (K), where though the several accused gave information that the dead bodies could be recovered in the Nala it was an indefinite information which could not lead to any discovery because the Nala was a stream which ran over several miles and it required the accused to follow it up by conducting the police to the actual spot where parts of the two bodies were recovered and the pointing out by the accused constituted the initial pointing out contemplated under S. 27 of the Evidence Act. This Supreme Court decision Lachman Sing v. State (K), supersedes the Madras decisions to the contrary. Thus mere existence of other information by which discovery was facilitated does not make information under S. 27 inadmissible. It depends on the circumstances of each case whether the discovery was really made in consequence of the information given by the accused: Public Prosecutor v. India China Lingiah, AIR 1954 Mad 433 : 1954 Cri LJ 583 (L).
Thus mere existence of other information by which discovery was facilitated does not make information under S. 27 inadmissible. It depends on the circumstances of each case whether the discovery was really made in consequence of the information given by the accused: Public Prosecutor v. India China Lingiah, AIR 1954 Mad 433 : 1954 Cri LJ 583 (L). In fact the Supreme Court decision has gone to the extent, that with regard to the rule applicable to cases where there is clear and unimpeachable evidence as to independent and authentic statements of the nature referred to in S. 27 having been made by several accused persons either simultaneously or otherwise, some of the decided cases have gone further than is warranted by the language of S. 27 of the Evidence Act and may have to be reviewed on a future occasion. There are decided cases: Naresh Chandra v. Emperor, AIR 1942 Cal 593 : 44 Cri LJ 145 (M); State Govt. M. P. v. Chhotelal Mohanlal, (S) AIR 1955 Nag 71: 1955 Cri LJ 586 (N), whereunder it has been held that plurality of information received from a number of accused before discovery will not necessarily take any of these information out of the Section and the word "a person" will take in more than one person and that information will be admissible against all the informants (for detailed discussion see Corpus Juris of India, Evidence Act, Vol. II, by V. V. Chitaley and S. Appu Rao, S. 27, N. 7 "Information by several accused" and V. B. Raju, I. C. S. Evidence Act, Vol. I, page 190 (1955) "Information from several accused." 6. Here it was the accused who must have buried the pot M. O. 1 with the fermented wash at the precise spot which he pointed out to the Sub-Inspector. Therefore point 2 also fails. 7. In the result, this revision case is dismissed. Revision dismissed. AIR 1958 MADRAS 452 (VOL. 45, C. 149) "In re Nachimuthu" MADRAS HIGH COURT Coram : 1 BASHEER AHMED SAYEED, J. ( Single Bench ) In re Nachimuthu, Petitioner. Criminal Misc. Petn. No. 212 of 1958, D/- 12 -3 -1958. Criminal P.C. (5 of 1898), S.369, S.561A, S.397 - INHERENT POWERS - REVISION - REVIEW - Review of orders of sentences - All remedies exhausted - No clerical error. Penal Code (45 of 1860), S.35.
Criminal Misc. Petn. No. 212 of 1958, D/- 12 -3 -1958. Criminal P.C. (5 of 1898), S.369, S.561A, S.397 - INHERENT POWERS - REVISION - REVIEW - Review of orders of sentences - All remedies exhausted - No clerical error. Penal Code (45 of 1860), S.35. Where the petitioner has exhausted all the remedies available to him under the law and sentences have already been passed against him in four cases, there is no power in the High Court to review the orders passed by the trial Court as well as the Appellate Court and order the sentences to be made to run concurrently, when it is not a matter of a mere clerical error. (Para 1) Anno: AIR Com., Cr. P. C, S. 369 N. 2; S. 561-A N. 1; S. 397 N. 3, 11; AIR Man., Penal Code, S. 35 N. 10. Judgement ORDER :The petitioner has exhausted all his remedies available to him under the law. His present application is that the sentences that have been already passed in four different cases should all be made to run concurrently. His petition in effect is for a review of the orders that have been already passed by the trial Court as well as the Appellate Court. It is pointed out that there is no provision of law for such a review being entertained in orders passed under the Criminal Procedure Code. If this were a matter of mere clerical error obviously some relief can be given in regard to the sentence. But this is not so. It is therefore not possible to entertain such an application. The application is devoid of merits and it is therefore dismissed. Petition dismissed.