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1958 DIGILAW 93 (ORI)

MOTILAL KUMBHAR v. STATE OF ORISSA

1958-08-26

RAO

body1958
JUDGMENT : Rao, J. - The Appellant Motilal Kumbhar was convicted by the Assistant Sessions Judge of Sambalpur of an offence punishable u/s 235, I.P.C. and was sentenced to undergo rigorous imprisonment for seven years and to pay a fine of Rs. 501-, in default to undergo rigorous imprisonment for two months more. His wife Tulsa Kumbharen also was tried along with him for offences punishable under Sections 235 and 243, I.P.C. She was convicted of the offence u/s 243, I.P.C. and was sentenced to undergo rigorous imprisonment for three years and to pay a fine of Rs. 50/-, in default to undergo rigorous imprisonment for two months more. She was acquitted of the charge u/s 235, I.P.C. She has not appealed. 2. The prosecution case is that both the accused persons came to Jharasuguda on 27-7-1957 and lived in a rented house of Ramkishan Agarwalla (P.W.3). On 30.7-1951 at about 12.30 P.M. the Appellant Motilal was brought under arrest to the Jharsuguda Police Station by the Havildar. He was then taken to his house at about 2. 30 P.M. Tulsa Kumbharen, his wife Was searched through a female named Ketaki and thirty counterfeit Indian coins in a Batua were recovered from inside her Ghagra. Two other Batuas were also recovered from inside her Ghagra and they contained some change and currency notes. During the search of the house both inside and outside, white powder in a cigarette tin, black powder in another tin, one piece of antimony, etc. were recovered. Some of these M. Os. recovered from outside the house. P.Ws. 1 and 3 are the search witnesses. P.W. 2 is the coin expert of the Government of India who gave a report after these things found were sent to Government Mint, Calcutta. P.W. 4 is the investigating Sub Inspector. 3. P.W. 2 proved his report and stated that the articles found in possession of the Appellant both inside and outside the house were all necessary for making counterfeit coins and that they could be used for the said purpose P.Ws. 1 and 3, the latter being the owner of the rented house in which the Appellant lived, spoke to the search having been made in their presence and they are witnesses to the search. P.W. 4, the investigating Sub-Inspector also stated that he was present and witnessed the search. 1 and 3, the latter being the owner of the rented house in which the Appellant lived, spoke to the search having been made in their presence and they are witnesses to the search. P.W. 4, the investigating Sub-Inspector also stated that he was present and witnessed the search. The evidence of these four witnesses shows that the Appellant was in possession of articles necessary for making counterfeit coins. There is no evidence that these articles can be used for counterfeiting Indian coins. The learned Assistant Sessions Judge found the Appellant guilty under Part II of Section 235, I.P.C. which punishes possession o any instrument or material for counterfeiting Indian coins. There is absolutely no evidence that these instruments and materials were in possession of the Appellant for counterfeiting Indian coins. I am therefore of opinion that though the Appellant is guilty of possession of the Instruments and the materials for the purpose of using the same for counterfeiting coins, he is not guilty under Part II of Section 235, I.P.C. His conviction therefore u/s 235, Part II is set aside and he is convicted u/s 235, Part I. An offence u/s 235, Part I is punishable only with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to three years and also a fine. Therefore, I would sentence him to undergo rigorous imprisonment for three years and to pay a fine of Rs. 50/-, in default to undergo rigorous imprisonment for two months more. This disposes of the appeal before me. 4. But I cannot help observing that the investigation and the enquiry were not conducted properly. The wife of the Appellant, it is alleged by the prosecution, was searched by a female named Ketaki who found in her possession 30 counterfeit coins which fact was the subject matter of the charge against her u/s 243, I.P.C. and for which she was convicted. This Ketaki unfortunately is not examined by the prosecution. She is the most important witness to prove the fact of possession of the counterfeit coins by the wife of the Appellant. She was named in the charge-sheet as a witness and she was summoned to appear in the sessions court. But beyond that the learned Government Advocate could not show me from the records as to why this witness was not examined in the sessions court. She was named in the charge-sheet as a witness and she was summoned to appear in the sessions court. But beyond that the learned Government Advocate could not show me from the records as to why this witness was not examined in the sessions court. The public prosecutor who conducted the case should have asked for an adjournment of the case if that witness did not turn up on the day of the trial. I find from the order-sheet of the Assistant Sessions Judge that the witnesses present were examined which would show that she was not present on that day. It was up to the public prosecutor to apply for coercive process against that witness instead of simply closing the case. The Assistant Sessions Judge also should have seen that the evidence of that witness is brought into record and should have adjourned the case and issued process against the witness. It is regrettable that this step which is necessary in the interests of justice was not taken. The conviction of this accused, the wife, was passed upon the evidence of P.Ws. 1 and S who stated that Ketaki searched this woman In their presence. Section 52 of the Code of Criminal Procedure requires that whenever it is necessary to cause a woman to be searched, the search shall be made by another woman, with strict regard to decency. The learned Assistant Sessions Judge accepted the evidence of these two witnesses when they stated that accused No. 2, the wife was searched in their presence by Ketaki by saying that during the search there w s no violation of any decency. I think, the learned Assistant Sessions Judge is wrong. The search of Tulsa Kumbharen by Ketaki In the presence of P.Ws. 1 and 3 as also the investigating Sub-Inspector itself cannot be said to be with strict regard to decency as search of a female to remove Batuas from her Ghagra in the presence of males is not in accordance with decency. 5. With this modification with regard to the conviction and sentence of the Appellant, the appeal is dismissed. Appeal dismissed. Final Result : Dismissed