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1972 DIGILAW 365 (MAD)

Palani Pannadi and Others v. Nanjammal

1972-07-12

K.N.MUDALIYAR

body1972
Judgment :- This is a petition seeking to revise the order of the Court of the District Magistrate (J) of Coimbatore confirming the order of the trial Magistrate convicting the four accused-petitioners of the offence under Section 448 I.P.C. and the consequential order passed under Section 522(1) Crl.P.C. in regard to the restoration of the property to the complainant-respondent. 2. Briefly the facts are : Nanjammal (P.W. 3) obtained a decree for possession against accused-petitioners 2 and 3 in O.S. No. 1676 on the file of the court of the District Munsif of Coimbatore, in respect of the house bearing door No. 12/190 situated in Singanallur. The complainant (P.W. 3) took out execution to recover possession, and delivery was ordered thereon by the Court. There is the delivery warrant issued to P.W. 1, the Amin of the court, to effect delivery. P.W. 1, Amin, accompanied by P.W. 3, the decree-holder, and P.W. 2, the village munsif, went to effect delivery on 16-4-1970. Accused-petitioner 3 and girl were present in the house. P.W. 1 informed A-3 that he had come to effect delivery. A. 3 refused to give delivery and staged a walk-out. P.W. 1 took out all the articles kept inside the house and placed them outside. He prepared an inventory and handed them over to one Nagappan, brother of A. 3. The prosecution proved the delivery athakshi (Ex. P. 2), signed by P.W. 2, the village munsif, and P.W. 3 the decree-holder, and P.Ws. 4 and 5, two independent witnesses. 3. P.W. 3 accompanied the Amin P.W. 1 to the bus stand for sending him away. All the four accused petitioners broke open the lock in the meantime and occupied the house. The complainant (P.W. 3) returned from the bus stop and found the house broken open and occupied to her dismay. She questioned the accused-petitioners but they replied arrogantly. She sought redress before the Court. 4. Both the courts below believed the evidence of P.Ws. 1 to 5 and the contents of Ex. P. 2 in regard to the actual delivery. P.Ws. 3 and 5 deposed that the Amin went to the building in question and effected delivery on 16-4-1970. P.W. 4 testified before the Court that he saw the four petitioners actually breaking open the lock and entering the house. 1 to 5 and the contents of Ex. P. 2 in regard to the actual delivery. P.Ws. 3 and 5 deposed that the Amin went to the building in question and effected delivery on 16-4-1970. P.W. 4 testified before the Court that he saw the four petitioners actually breaking open the lock and entering the house. The village munsif P.W. 2 and P.W. 5 deposed that A. 3 is now living in the house in question. Both the courts below found that the petitioners committed trespass by breaking open the lock of the house in question. Both the courts ordered restoration of possession as provided under Section 522(1) Crl.P.C. 5. Learned counsel argued that there is no express finding about the intention on the part of the petitioners to intimidate, insult or annoy any person in possession of the property. Undoubtedly, there is evidence that these petitioners have broken open the lock and entered the house. There is undoubtedly proof of the intent to commit an offence; not merely that, they have committed the offence of mischief when they broke open the lock of the house in the absence of P.W. 3. The ingredients of Section 448 I.P.C. are proved to the hilt by the complainant. 6. The other argument is that admittedly no force has been used against the complainant (P.W. 3). It is true she was away in the bus-stand for sending P.W. 1, Amin, away. In her absence, the lock was broken open and the petitioners entered into the house. In a limited sense, no 'criminal force' has been used against the 'person' of the complainant (P.W. 3). It is true that Byers J. has observed in A. Narayana v. Muneppa ILR 1943 Mad 900 = 1943 AIR(Mad) 257) as follows :- "Although there is much to be said for the view that there is no difference in principle between dispossession by effecting a forcible entrance in the absence of the owner and dispossession of the owner himself by the use of force to him. I must hold that the section applies only to criminal force used against the person" * 7.In spite of saying so, the learned Judge confirmed the order of the courts below for restoration of possession made under Section 522 Crl.P.C. despite the argument that the 'criminal force' attending the dispossession complained of was used not against the property dispossessed but against the person in his absence. In other words, Byers J. did not confine the scope of the 'use of force' as defined in Section 350 I.P.C. to the person dispossessed only. I am in entire agreement with the conclusion arrived at by Byers J. Therefore, the order of the two courts below under Section 522(1) Crl.P.C. is confirmed. This revision case is dismissed.