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1975 DIGILAW 74 (KER)

V. A. AUGUSTINE AND CO. v. STATE OF KERALA

1975-03-17

P.GOVINDA NAIR, V.KHALID

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Judgment :- 1. The two questions which arise for decision in this T.R.C. are worded as follows: "(1) Whether, on the facts and in the circumstances of the case, there is material on record to sustain the finding that the detected suppression is of a continuous nature?" "(2) If the answer to question No.1 is in the negative, should not the addition be limited to Rs. 24,644.07?" 2. The petitioner is a dealer in timber logs and sizes. For the year 1968-69, the petitioner returned a turnover of Rs. 3,51,035.45. The accounts were rejected by the Sales Tax Officer and assessment was completed on an estimated total taxable turnover of Rs. 4,98,901.07. The petitioner did not question seriously the rejection of the accounts and did not plead before the officer for acceptance of his accounts. The only question that was agitated before the authorities and repeated before us is whether the estimate made by the assessing authorities is reasonable. 3. From the materials available, it is seen that on inspection by the Intelligence Officer. Ernakulam, of the business premises of the petitioner on 3 61968, he recovered certain slips of paper and a secret diary which disclosed suppression to the tune of Rs. 24,644.40 in the course of two months. The purchases and sales of three varieties of timber in the last week of March with reference to the closing stock inventory as on 313 1969, were analysed by the Sales Tax Officer and it was found that there was huge suppression of sales and thereby he concluded that the pattern of suppression detected on 3 61968 continued till the end of the year. He therefore estimated the total suppression for the whole year at six times the total suppression detected and added the amount of Rs. 1,47,866/- to the admitted turnover. This addition was objected to by the assessee. The objection was rejected by the Sales Tax Officer, which was confirmed by the appellate authority and also by the Tribunal. According to the petitioner, the estimate made by the assessing authority by adding six times the actual suppression detected is unreasonable, and does not bear any nexus with the actual suppression and therefore the said addition has to be rejected. In any case it is contended that the assessing authority will be justified only in making an addition of Rs. According to the petitioner, the estimate made by the assessing authority by adding six times the actual suppression detected is unreasonable, and does not bear any nexus with the actual suppression and therefore the said addition has to be rejected. In any case it is contended that the assessing authority will be justified only in making an addition of Rs. 24,644.40, which was the actual suppression detected by the assessing authority on 3-6-1968. 4. We hold that the addition made by the assessing authority, confirmed by the appellate authority and the Tribunal, is well founded. It is not disputed that on 3 61968 when the Intelligence Officer inspected the premises he detected suppression to the tune of Rs. 24,644.40 in the course of two months. The law is now well-settled that if the taxing authorities are satisfied of a pattern of suppression from the materials available, they will be justified in making addition, for the whole of the year, on the basis of the suppression detected. In this case, it cannot be seriously disputed that there was suppression for a period of two months. According to the petitioner, in timber business, bills for sales are issued long after the, sales and purchase bills are also received long after purchases and so the actual stock may not exactly tally with the accounts. Going by this explanation, it is clear that the books will not reflect, on each day, the actual turnover business done by the assessee, which means that the actual turnover on each day will be suppressed from the regular books of account and will be seen in the slips of paper and secret diary maintained by the assessee. This explanation, according to us, afford sufficient material to indicate suppression and to hold that there is a regular pattern of suppression so far as the petitioner is concerned. On this basis therefore, the tax officers are perfectly justified in multiplying the suppressed turnover six times. 5. We are fortified in our conclusion on the question of law, indicated above by a Full Bench decision of this Court reported in 1970 KLT 979. On this basis therefore, the tax officers are perfectly justified in multiplying the suppressed turnover six times. 5. We are fortified in our conclusion on the question of law, indicated above by a Full Bench decision of this Court reported in 1970 KLT 979. One of us speaking for the Bench referred to all the authorities on the point and laid down the law in the following terms: "We understand these decisions to lay down that the answer to the question whether an inference that there has been a pattern of continuous suppression for any period must depend on the existence of material (and/or circumstances) which affords a reasonable nexus to the inference. This means that there must be material to indicate suppression and material to indicate that there was a pattern of suppression." In the above case, the taxing authorities recovered on inspection some slips which contained details of purchase of hill produce with which the assessee in question was dealing for the period from 17-1-1962 to 21-1-1962, namely, for five days. The Full Bench on consideration of the materials before it held that in that case a pattern has been established and that there has been continuous suppression for a period of five days. On the above materials it was held that the taxing authorities were justified in drawing an inference that there was suppression and that the conclusion arrived at, under the circumstances was, an honest conclusion. 6. The ratio of that case is applicable to the case on hand. In this case, in addition to the fact that the Intelligence Officer detected on inspection suppression of a turnover of Rs. 24,644.40 for a period of two months from 1-4-1968 to 3-6-1968, there is the explanation of the assessee himself about the practice that is followed by him, which betrays a pattern of suppression in the maintenance of the accounts. When as stated above, entries are not made then and there or the accounts do not reflect the correct turnover on each day, it can only be for suppression of the actual turnover. In this case we are satisfied that there are materials to indicate suppression and a pattern of suppression. We therefore find that the Tribunal was right in rejecting the contentions of the petitioner. In this case we are satisfied that there are materials to indicate suppression and a pattern of suppression. We therefore find that the Tribunal was right in rejecting the contentions of the petitioner. We are not impressed with the plea of the petitioner's counsel, that in any case, suppression should be limited to the actual suppression detected. Once, we hold that there has been a pattern of suppression, we must also hold that the taxing authorities were justified in arriving at the turnover, on such pattern, for the whole of the year. In the result, the T.R.C. is dismissed. But in the circumstances of the case, we do not order any costs. Dismissed.