JUDGMENT.- The plaintiff is the appellant. The suit was on a mortgage to recover a sum of Rs. 9,035. The mortgage was executed on 5th August, 1966 by defendants 1 to 3 in favour of the plaintiff for a sum of Rs. 6,500. The 4th defendant purchased the property from defendants 1 to 3 under a registered sale deed, dated 27th August, 1969 for a sum of Rs. 9,750. In defence to this suit on the mortgage, the 4th defendant contended that out of the sale consideration of Rs. 9,750, he was directed to pay a sum of Rs. 6,500 to the plaintiff and that it was represented to him that only that much amount was due. He accordingly paid the amount on 29th August, 1969 and got an endorsement of payment on the mortgage deed itself and the cancelled mortgage deed was taken delivery of by him along with other documents of title. The plaintiff stated in the plaint that at the time of the sale transaction, the defendants required the mortgage deed to be given to them undertaking to discharge the mortgage out of the sale consideration. Since the first defendant was his brother and he had confidence in the 4th defendant, he gave the original mortgage deed to the defendants. But taking advantage of the custody of the original deed, the 4th defendant had forged an endorsement of discharge on the back of it. Both the Courts below after consideration of the evidence came to the conclusion that the endorsement of discharge on the original mortgage deed was made by the plaintiff on receipt of a sum of Rs. 6,500 and that the entire mortgage had been discharged. In that view, the suit was dismissed. In this second appeal, though the learned counsel could not challenge the finding that the endorsement was signed by the plaintiff, he advanced an argument that the endorsement in so far as it stated that the plaintiff had waived the interest is inadmissible in evidence for want of registration and that at best the defendants could claim credit for the payment of a sum of Rs. 6,500 and for the balance amount, he would be entitled to a decree. 6,500 and for the balance amount, he would be entitled to a decree. On the other hand, the learned counsel, for the respondents contended that the waiver of the interest is not one one that discharges the mortgage, but it is the payment of the sum of Rs. 6,500 that discharges and that therefore, the endorsement does not require any registration at all. 2. The endorsement of discharge on the original mortgage deed stated that remitting the interest upto date out of grace, a sum of Rs. 6,500 was received towards principal and the mortgage has been discharged and the document handed over to the 4th defendant. This endorsement is not registered. Under section 17 (1) (b) of the Registration Act, any non-testamentary instrument which purports or operates to create, declare, assign, limit or extinguish, whether in present or in future, any right, title or interest, of the value of Rs. 100 and upwards to or in immovable property shall be registered and under section 49, unless it had been registered, it cannot be received as evidence of any transaction affecting such immovable property. The question for consideration is whether the endorsement limits or extinguishes any right, title or interest in immovable property so as to make it inadmissible in evidence for want of registration. 3. A number of cases have come up for consideration and the Supreme Court had to consider a similar question in the decision reported in Kasinath Bhaskar v. Bhaskar Visweswar1. In that case, there was an agreement between the mortgagor and the mortgagee subsequent to the execution of the mortgage in view of certain circumstances, for reduction of the rate of interest in respect of one mortgage and an agreement to receive a lesser amount than what was due under another mortgage. The entire amount due as per this agreement was paid to the mortgagee. In spite of it, the mortgagee filed a suit for the recovery of certain sums of moneys as being due as per the original terms of the mortgage deed ignoring to give effect to the agreement. The defence was that there was full satisfaction of the mortgage. The main evidence on which the defendant relied to prove satisfaction was the agreement and the payment of the money as per the agreement. The agreement was not registered. The defence was that there was full satisfaction of the mortgage. The main evidence on which the defendant relied to prove satisfaction was the agreement and the payment of the money as per the agreement. The agreement was not registered. The Supreme Court had therefore to consider the question whether the agreement required to be registered and whether there was a discharge of the mortgage. The Supreme Court held that the agreement is a document which limits or extinguishes interest in immovable property within the meaning of section 17 (1) (b) of the Registration Act, and since that has not been registered, payments made under that agreement could not be relied on as having effected a full discharge of the mortgage. The Supreme Court further held: “One part of the ‘interest’ which a mortgagee has in mortgaged property is the right to receive interest at a certain rate when the document provides for interest. If that rate is varied whether to his advantage or otherwise, then, in our judgment, his ‘interest’ in the property is affected. If the subsequent agreement substitutes a higher rate, then to the extent of the difference, it creates a fresh ‘interest’ which was not there before. If the rate is lowered, then his original ‘interest’ is limited.” The learned counsel for the respondents relying on Balasundara Naicker v. Ranganatha Iyer2, contended that in the case where there is an agreement to waive interest or receive a lesser amount and give a discharge and the mortgagor paid the money as per the agreement it is not the agreement, that limits or extinguishes the mortgage, but it is the payment as per the agreement that extinguishes the mortgage. If at all, it is the agreement that will have to be registered, if it is in writing, and not the payment or the endorsement of payment. 4. In Balasundara Naicker v. Ranganatha Iyer2, the suit was on a mortgage, the mortgage deed provided for interest at 9 per cent. to be paid by 11th January, 1906 and in default, penal interest at 10½ per cent. Some amounts were paid towards this mortgage and there were endorsements’ of payments. Sometime in 1909, there was some litigation between the mortgagor and one of the mortgagees for partition. A Receiver was appointed in that suit. to be paid by 11th January, 1906 and in default, penal interest at 10½ per cent. Some amounts were paid towards this mortgage and there were endorsements’ of payments. Sometime in 1909, there was some litigation between the mortgagor and one of the mortgagees for partition. A Receiver was appointed in that suit. It appears that the Receiver took objection to the payment of penal interest at 10½ per cent. Thereupon, the mortgagees agreed to take interest which would roughly work out compound interest at 9 per cent., and thus calculated, the amount due on the bond came to Rs. 12,960. On that basis the mortgagors paid the entire amount. These payments were accepted in full discharge of the debts due on the mortgage. But in spite of this, the mortgagees filed the suit claiming the amount as per the original terms of the mortgage deed itself ignoring the agreement to take interest at the compound rate of 9 per cent. as against the penal interest at 10½ per cent. The question for consideration was whether there was a discharge of the mortgage. It was contended on behalf of the plaintiffs-mortgagees that the agreement to receive interest at compound rate of 9 per cent., was oral and in view of section 92 (4) of the Evidence Act, the plea of oral agreement varying the terms of the registered mortgage deed was inadmissible in evidence. In support of this contention, two decisions of this Court reported in Lakshmiammal v. Srinivasa Iyengar1 and Lakshmana Chetti v. Chenchuramaiah2, were relied on. It was held in these cases that an agreement in writing by the mortgagee to relinquish a sum of money more than Rs. 100 due under a mortgage bond was inadmissible for want of registration. These two decisions were distinguished by the learned Judges who decided Balasundara Naicker v. Ranganatha Iyear3, on the ground that in those two cases the agreement was in writing and the agreement purported to extinguish the mortgage bond ; but in the case before them, there was no question of any writing being admissible or inadmissible with reference to the provisions of the Registration Act. But they further observed that if the writing itself does not purport to extinguish the mortgage bond, it would be admissible in evidence. But they further observed that if the writing itself does not purport to extinguish the mortgage bond, it would be admissible in evidence. With reference to the facts of that case, the learned Judges were of the view that the agreement to receive a lesser interest than provided in the mortgage deed itself does not extinguish the mortgage bond; but the fact that the amount was paid in pursuance of that agreement and an endorsement was taken in full discharge is the one that extinguishes the mortgage. Reiving’ on the decision of the Calcutta High Court in Mohimchandra Dey v. Ramadayal Dutta4 in preference to the decision of the Bombay High Court in Jagannath v. Shankar5, the learned Judges held that it is the payment in pursuance of the agreement that discharges the mortgage and not the agreement itself and that, therefore, the endorsement of full discharge by payment or lesser amount does not require any registration. In Vaidyanatha Rao v. Kandappa Chetti6, this Court applied the decision in Balasundara Naicker v. Ranganatha Iyer3 . A similar view was also taken by the Full Bench of the Allahabad High Court in Collector of Etah v. Kishore Lal7 . But all these decisions, in my opinion, are no longer good law in view of the decision of the Supreme Court in Kashinatha Bhaskar v. Bhaskar Visweswar8. In fact, the Full Bench decision of the Allahabad High Court in Collector of Etah v. Kishorelal7, and the decision of the Calcutta High Court in Mohim Chandra Dey v. Ramadayal Dutta9were relied on before the Supreme Court in support of the contention that it was always open to the mortgagee to release or remit a part of the debt, and when he does so, he does not limit or extinguish an interest in immovable property any more than when he passes a receipt acknowledging payment of the whole or part of the money. The Supreme Court rejected this argument and held: “There is a difference between a receipt and a remission or a release. A receipt is not the payment, nor does the document in such a case serve to extinguish the mortgage or limit the liability. It is the payment of the money which does that and the receipt does no more than evidence the fact. Not so a release. A receipt is not the payment, nor does the document in such a case serve to extinguish the mortgage or limit the liability. It is the payment of the money which does that and the receipt does no more than evidence the fact. Not so a release. The extinguishment or diminution of liability is in that event effected by the agreement itself and not by something external to it. If the agreement is oral it is hit by proviso 4 to section 92, Evidence Act, for it ‘rescinds’ or ‘modifies’ the contract of mortgage. If it is in writing, it is hit by section 17 (1) (b), Registration Act. for in that case, the writing itself ‘limits’ or ‘extinguishes’ the liability under the mortgage.” The Supreme Court also held that it is the agreement to receive the lesser interest that limits the mortgagee’s interest and serves to extinguish the mortgage and not the mere payment at the reduced rate. In the words of the Supreme Court: “Assume that the mortgagor repaid the whole of the interest at the altered rate and the whole of the principal would those repayments by themselves effect an extinguishment of the mortgage? Clearly not, because unless the subsequent agreement is called in aid, more would be due under the terms of the bond on account of the higher rate of interest. It is evident then that it is the agreement which limits the mortgagee’s interest and serves to extinguish the mortgage and pot mere payment at the reduced rate”. Thus, if there is an agreement to receive a lesser amount than what was due under the mortgage deed, it will be hit by the proviso to section 92 (4) of the Evidence Act. If it is in writing, unless it is registered, it will be hit by section 17 (1) (b) of the Registration Act. In this case, the waiver of the interest noted in the endorsement not having been registered is inadmissible in evidence. But the endorsement is admissible in evidence so far as it related to the acknowledgement of receipt of Rs. 6,500 paid on that date. 5. In this case, the waiver of the interest noted in the endorsement not having been registered is inadmissible in evidence. But the endorsement is admissible in evidence so far as it related to the acknowledgement of receipt of Rs. 6,500 paid on that date. 5. It was then contended by the learned counsel for the respondents that the original discharged mortgage bond was delivered by the mortgagee to the mortgagors and the production of the original deed by the mortgagors raises a presumption under section 114 of the Evidence Act, that the mortgage is discharged. In support of this contention the learned counsel relied on a decision reported in Ramkumar v. Ramnath1. In that case while finding that the endorsement of discharge was inadmissible in evidence, on facts the court came to the conclusion that the full amount of the mortgage money was paid and that, therefore, the mortgage had been discharged. In coming to the conclusion that the mortgage had been discharged, the Court also relied on the fact that the mortgage bond was produced from the custody of the mortgagor and the presumption under section 114 of the Evidence Act. But this does not mean that the plaintiff is not entitled to prove the circumstances under which the mortgage deed came to the possession of the mortgagor. As pointed out by the Privy Council in Mohamed Meedi Basan Khan v. Mandidas2 the production by the defendant of the bond with the endorsement of payment only cast on the plaintiff the burden of proving that the debt was still outstanding. In other words, the presumption under section 114 of the Evidence Act in such cases is only a rebuttable presumption and not a conclusive evidence. The plaintiff therefore could not be non-suited solely on the ground that the original bond was produced by the defendants. 6. Even so, I am of the view that the suit is liable to be dismissed. Though the endorsement on the mortgage deed referred to a waiver of interest out of grace, we find in the registered sale deed executed by defendants 1 to 3 in favour of the 4th defendant on 27th August, 1969 a recital to the effect that the first defendant had paid the interest due on the mortgage upto date. The document was attested by the plaintiff. The document was attested by the plaintiff. In fact, the evidence is that both the sale deed and the endorsement on the mortgage were prepared at the same time and the amount that was found due as on the date of sale was only Rs. 6,500 since the interest due had been paid in full. The learned counsel for the appellant pointed out that the first defendant as D.W. 1 in his evidence stated that the statement in the sale deed that the entire interest had been paid was not correct and that the statement in the endorsement that the interest was waived out of grace was correct. In view of this statement, the learned counsel for the appellant contended that there was no payment of interest and the waiver could not be relied on for want of registration. It is true that D.W. 1 has stated that the statement in the endorsement of discharge was only correct and not the statement in the sale deed. Since the endorsement, as I have already held, is not admissible in evidence, it is not open to the defendants to rely on that endorsement. Then we are only left with the oral evidence of the defendants as against the recitals in the registered sale deed. The plaintiff had attested the sale deed, and in those circumstances, I am unable to rely on the oral evidence as against the written statement in the sale deed. I have therefore to take it that there was payment of the interest in full upto the date of endorsement on which date the principal sum of Rs. 6,500 was also paid. Since the entire amount due under the mortgage thus having been paid, there is a full discharge, and the defendants are not liable to pay any amount even as per the terms of the original mortgage deed itself. 7. The second appeal accordingly fails and the decree of the Courts below dismissing the suit is confirmed. But there will be no order as to costs. No leave.