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1977 DIGILAW 98 (MAD)

Edeyillon Kunhambu Nair, son of Chandu Nair, residing at Kanathur of Muliyar Village post Kanathur and another v. State of Kerala represented by the Sub-Inspector of Police, Adhur and another

1977-02-16

P.JANAKI AMMA

body1977
Order.- The petitioners were arrested on 15th December, 1975 under section 107 read with section; 1ll of the Code of Criminal Procedure and brought before the Sub-Divisional Magistrate, Kasaragod, along with a report counter-signed by the Assistant Superintendent of Police, Kasaragod, to the effect that the counter-petitioners are likely to commit breach of the peace and are likely to do wrongful acts that may probably occasion a breach of the peace. A preliminary order under section 107(1) read with section 111 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, was issued to the petitioners calling upon them to show cause why they should not be ordered to execute a bond for Rs. 2,000 each with two sureties for like sums for keeping the peace for a period of one year. Before the enquiry against the petitioners commenced on 6th November, 1976 the SubDivisional Magistrate, Kasaragod issued another order under section 116 (3) of the Code of Criminal Procedure, directing the petitioners to execute a bond with two solvent sureties for Rs. 10,000 each for keeping the peace pending the enquiry, failing which, it is stated, they would be detained in custody until such bond is executed. The petitioners filed a revision petition before the Sessions Judge, Tellicherry, challenging the above order. The learned Sessions Judge, held that the petition was barred under section 397 (2) of the Code of Criminal Procedure, the order impugned being an interlocutory order passed pending the proceedings. The present petition is filed under section 482 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, for quashing the order passed on 6th November, 1976. 2. The order is impugned on the ground that it contravenes section 116 (3) of the Code of Criminal Procedure. The Magistrate, it is stated, directed execution of an interim bond before the commencement of enquiry. This is contrary to the provisions of section 116 (3) and hence without jurisdiction. The second ground of attack is that the Magistrate omitted to consider whether there are really circumstances which justify the execition of an interim bond. The complaint of the petitioners is that the Magistrate merely based his decision on the report of the police officer and did not himself satisfy that there are grounds for calling upon the petitioners to execute the bond. The petitioners would contend that no proper grounds are made out for directing the petitioners to execute the bond. The complaint of the petitioners is that the Magistrate merely based his decision on the report of the police officer and did not himself satisfy that there are grounds for calling upon the petitioners to execute the bond. The petitioners would contend that no proper grounds are made out for directing the petitioners to execute the bond. The last objection is that there has been noncompliance of proviso (b) to section 116 (3). 3. There is weight in the contentions. The preliminary order was passed on 15th December, 1975. The direction to execute interim bond in the instant case is seen issued on 6th November, 1976 nearly eleven months after the preliminary order. It is not clear from the order whether enquiry has commenced. The Magistrate has only mentioned in the order that he has received a report from the Sub-Inspector of Police “stating that the aforesaid counter-petitioners are on inimical terms and as a result some complaints are still being received against the above counter-petitioners for causing disturbance which may lead to an immediate breach of peace and disturbance of public tranquillity”. The order dots not show the nature of the compalaints received whether the Magistrate has applied his mind to the nature of the complaints and to the necessity for calling upon the petitioners to execute the interim bond in the light of the facts placed before him. An interim bond is to be execut:d only in emergent cases where there is real necessity for such a course. It is to be ordered only after the commencement of the enquiry. The order should not be made on a mere report by the police that there is likelihood of breach of peace. The Magistrate should enquire and prima facie satisfy himself about the truth of the information and record his reasons before calling upon a person to execute an interim bond, 4. Lastly, it is pointed out that the direction contravenes proviso (b) to section 116 (3) of the Code of Criminal Procedure. Under the said proviso, the conditions of the interim bond, whether as to the amount thereof or as to the provision of sureties or the number there for the pecuniary extent of their liability, shall not be more onerous than those specified in the order under section 111. Under the said proviso, the conditions of the interim bond, whether as to the amount thereof or as to the provision of sureties or the number there for the pecuniary extent of their liability, shall not be more onerous than those specified in the order under section 111. In the instant case, the preliminary order under section 111 mentions the amount for which the bond is to be executed as Rs. 2,000 whereas the interim bond, which has been directed to be executed by the petitioners is for an amount of Rs. 10,000. It is patent that the conditions of the interim bond are more onerous than the order issued under section 111. 5. On behalf of the State, an objection was taken that the petition itself is not maintainable in view of the fact that the facts and circumstances of the case do not fall under section 482 of the Code of Criminal Procedure. It is argued that the inherent powers of this Court are to be exercised only for the purposes mentioned in that section and these purposes can be classified into three: (1) to make such order as may be necessry to give effect to any order under the Code, (2) to prevent abuse of the process of any Court, and (3) otherwise to secure the ends of justice. The argument is that the words “otherwise to secure the ends of justice” are ejusdem generis with the other two clauses and that it is not open to this Court to go outside the categories mentioned in section 482. For the purpose of this case, I need not interpret what is intended by the words “otherwise to secure the ends of justice” because the case falls directly under the second head — to prevent abuse of the process of Court. As stated in In re Llewelyn Evans1, “inherent jurisdiction,” “to prevent abuse of process,” and “to secure the ends of justice” are terms incapable of definition or enumeration,and capable at the most of test, according to well-established principles of criminal jurisprudence. “Process” according to the ab)ve decision is a general word, meaning in effect anything done by the Court. This interpretation has been followed in the decision in Assistant Government Advocate v. Upendara Math Mukerji2 The framers of the Code, could not have provided which all cases should be considered as abuse of the process of Court. “Process” according to the ab)ve decision is a general word, meaning in effect anything done by the Court. This interpretation has been followed in the decision in Assistant Government Advocate v. Upendara Math Mukerji2 The framers of the Code, could not have provided which all cases should be considered as abuse of the process of Court. It is for the Court to take a decision in particular cases. In the instant case, the direction by the Court to execute a bond for Rs. 10,000 is in flagrant disregard to the provisions of the proviso (b) to section 116 (3), Criminal Procedure Code. There cannot be doubt that the order deserves setting aside as an, abuse of the process of Court, It is evident from section 397 (2) that no revision lies to this Court or to the Sessions Judge from an interim order passed by the Sub-Divisional Magistrate. Therefore the only method of setting right of the patently wrong direction made by the Sub-Divisional Magistrate is by invoking the provisions under section 482, Criminal Procedure Code. Therefore, the preliminary objection has no leg to stand. 6. The order of the Sub-Divisional Magistrate is set aside for the reasons aforesaid. It is however open to him to pass orders afresh in accordance with law, if the conditions exist for directing the petitioners to execute interim bond under section 116 (3) of the Code of Criminal Procedure. 7. The petition is allowed as above.