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1981 DIGILAW 40 (DEL)

JAGDISH PRASAD GUPTA v. YOUNGMAN BENEFIT CHIT FUND PRIVATE LIMITED

1981-02-04

J.D.JAIN, RAJINDAR SACHAR

body1981
SACHAR ( 1 ) THIS is an appeal against the order of the learned single Judge by which he held that the application filed by the Liquidator was within time. The company by a special resolution of 27-4-1973 decided to go in for voluntary winding up. Later on it moved the court and by an order of 13-11-1975 the court ordered that the winding up shall continue but subject to the supervision of the court. On 14-7-1978 the official liquidator who had in the meanwhile been appointed for the voluntary liquidation filed a claim against the appellant demanding Rs. 4160. Preliminary objection was raised by the appellant that the application was barred by time. This plea has been negatived by the learned Company Judge and the appellant has come up in appeal. ( 2 ) WHY the plea of limitation was taken was because according to the appellant limitation would start from 27-4-1973 and as the period under Article 137 of the Limitation Act is 3 years, the application filed in 1978 would be barred by time. Now Section 522 of the Companies Act empowers the court if a company has passed a resolutioc for voluntary winding up to direct that the voluntary winding up should continue but subject to supervision of the court. This is what was done by the order of 13-11-1975. Section 523 provides that the effect of a petition for winding up subject to supervision of the court is to give jurisdiction to the court ov er suits and legal proceedings, and it is to be deemed to be a petition for winding up by the court. Section 526 (1) empowers the liquidator subject to any restriction- imposed by the court to exercise all its powers without the sanction or intervention of the court in the same manner as if the company were to be wound up altogether voluntarily. Sub- section (2) of Section 526 however, lays down that except as provided in sub-section (1) any order made by the court for a winding up subject to the supervision of the court shall for all purposes. . . . . . . . . . . .-be deemed to be an order of the court for winding up of the company by the court (emphasis supplied ). . . . . . . . . . . .-be deemed to be an order of the court for winding up of the company by the court (emphasis supplied ). It is apparent that sub-section (2) of Section 526 creates a legal fiction to the effect that an order passed for winding up subject to the supervision of the court is to be deemed to be an order for the winding up of the company by the court. All the consequences, therefore, which flow from an order of the winding up of the company by the court must necessarily inhere to such company which is being wound up subject to the supervision of the court. One of the provisions is Section 458a of the Companies Act which lays down that in computing the period of limitation prescribed for a suit or application in the name and on behalf of the company which is being wound up by the court the period from the date of commencement of the winding up of the company to the date on which the winding up order is made and the period of one year immediately following the date of winding up shall be excluded. Now 27-4-1973 being the date of special resolution in terms of Section 441 (1) of the Act that would be the date of commencement of winding up and the order of supervision having been passed on 13-11-1975 the period between 27-4-1973 and 13-11-1975 and a year thereafter has to be excluded. Limitation would, therefore, be available for the full period of 3 years from 13-11-1976. The claim was however, filed on 14-7-1978 which is as a matter of fact within three years from 13-11-1975, the date of order continuing the winding up subject to the supervision of the court. Mr, Satish Chandra, however, wanted to urge that even the voluntary liquidator could move the application under section 446 and, therefore, the passing of an order continuing the winding up subject to the supervision of the court can hav e no effect on the limitation. The learned Judge has found this plea against the appellant. We feel, it is unnecessary for us to go into this aspect. The reason being that on the admitted facts the application was within time. It is self-evident that the period from 27-4-1973 to. The learned Judge has found this plea against the appellant. We feel, it is unnecessary for us to go into this aspect. The reason being that on the admitted facts the application was within time. It is self-evident that the period from 27-4-1973 to. 13-11-1975 and a year thereafter has to be excluded for the purpose of limitation under Section 45 8a of the Act. Not to invoke Section 45 8a of the Act, as was urged by Mr. Satish Chandra would be to ignore the mandate of Section 526 (2) of the Act which clearly says that the order made by the court for a winding up subject to the supervision of a court shall for all purposes be deemed to be an order of the court for winding up the company by the court. The deeming provision obviously commands that when a person is deemed to be something the only meaning possible is that whether he is not in reality that something, the act requires him to be treated as if he were. See (AIR 1930 PC 54) Commissioner of Income Tax, Bombay v. Bombay Corporation (1 ). Similar are the observations in ( AIR 1958 SC 687 at 695) K. Kamaraja Nadar v. Kunju Thevar and othcrs (2), to the effect that a deeming provision creates a legal fiction and the effect of such a legal fiction is that a position which otherwise would not obtain is deemed to obtain under those circumstances. Hers in this case. therefore, though there is no order of the court for winding up the company yet by virtue of Section 526 (2) the court s order making the winding up subject to supervision of the court shall for all purposes be deemed to be an order o f the court for winding up the company, and that would inevitably and immediately attract Section 45 SA of the Act. In that view the application was filed within limitation. We agree with the reasons given in the Judgment of the learned single Judge and would dismiss the appeal. Costs will abide the final result. The parties are directed to appear before the Company Judge on 26-2-1981 for further proceedings.