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1995 DIGILAW 856 (ALL)

NEW OKHLA INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY GHAZIABAD v. STATE OF U P

1995-08-21

R.B.MEHROTRA

body1995
R. B. MEHROTRA, J. The present writ petition has been filed by New Okhla Industrial Development Authority, for convenience hereinafter referred to as NOIDA, praying for issue of a writ of certiorari quashing the orders passed by the District Judge, Ghaziabad in various execution cases enforcing the orders of the District Judge passed in reference made under Section 18 of the Land Acquisition Act, 1894. 2. The contentions made in the writ petition are - (1) That the land has been acquired by the State of Uttar Pradesh, as such the liability for paying the compensation is on the State of Uttar Pradesh and the petitioner cannot be compelled to pay the compensation determined by the District Judge while deciding a reference under Section 18 of the Land Acquisition Act. (2) That the order of attachment of the petitioners account, impugned in the writ petition, whereby the account of the petitioner has been attached, has been passed without any opportunity or notice to the petitioner, as such the order is arbitrary and is liable to be set aside on the said ground. 3. In the writ petition, notice was issued to the respondents by this Court on 18-5-1995 and an interim order has also been passed in favour of the petitioner staying the execution of the orders passed in Annexures i to 8 to the writ petition, referred to above, on the basis of a Division Bench deci sion of this Court in Civil Misc. Writ Petition No. 3544 of 1988, Ghaziabad Development, Ghaziabad v. IV Addl. District Judge, Ghaziabad, decided on 17-5-1988. On notice being issued, respondents Nos. 9 to 56 have put in appearance and have filed counter-affidavit. 4. I have heard learned counsel foe the petitioner Sri A. K. Mishra and the learned counsel for the respondents Sri M. D. Singh, Sri S. N. Singh and Sri Pankaj Mittal at length. The sheet anchor of the petitioners case is a Division Bench decision, referred to earlier wherein this Court has held : "the matter in regard to the payment of compensation and its realisa tion is, in our opinion, one between the State Government through the Collector on the one hand and the person who are held entitled to receive compensation on the other. The authority for which the land is acquired cannot hence be proceeded against in the execution of the award 5. The authority for which the land is acquired cannot hence be proceeded against in the execution of the award 5. On the basis of the aforesaid decision, the contention of the peti tioners counsel is that the Division Bench has held that the payment of compensation awarded to the persons whose land have been acquired is on the State Government and the petitioner for whose benefit the land was acquired cannot be proceeded against for recovery of compensation. In this connection, the learned counsel the petitioner has also submitted that in U. P. Avas Vikas Parishad v. Gyan Devi, reported in 1995 (2) SCC 326, the Honble Supreme Court has held that the authority in whose favour the land is being acquired under the Land Acquisition Act, is only a proper party and not a necessary party in a reference made under Section 18 of the Land Acquisition Act. The contention of the petitioners counsel is that since the petitioner was not a necessary party, the order passed for payment of compensation cannot be enforced against the petitioner and the respondents are free to execute the aforesaid order against the State Government. 6. The Division Bench decision, referred to above and relied upon by the petitioner is clearly distinguishable in the context of the present case. In the aforesaid decision, a categorical finding has been recorded by the Division Bench that Ghaziabad Development Authority was not a party before the District Judge and "even the execution application was not directed against the Ghaziabad Development Authority. " At another place in the judgment, the Division Bench again stressed on the same point and noticed - "as mentioned above, the decree-holders had not even applied for execution against the Ghaziabad Development Authority. " 7. In the present case, it is not in dispute that NOIDA was a party before the concerned District Judge deciding the land acquisition reference under Section 18 of the Land Acquisition Act. It is also not disputed that against the judgment given by the District Judge for enforcement of which, the impugned order has been passed, the petitioners have filed First Appeals in this Court which are pending consideration. The petitioners have not been able to obtain any interim order in the aforesaid First Appeals. The petitioner is already pursuing its remedy against the impugned orders by means of filing First Appeals in this Court. The petitioners have not been able to obtain any interim order in the aforesaid First Appeals. The petitioner is already pursuing its remedy against the impugned orders by means of filing First Appeals in this Court. In the circumstances, there is no justification for the petitioners for invoking the extraordinary jurisdiction of this Court for challenging the enforcement of the orders against which the peti tioners themselves have preferred First Appeals in this Court. Peti tioners cannot be permitted to pursue two remedies simultaneously particularly in the case where the petitioners have not been able to obtain interim orders in the First appeals. 8. In the present case admittedly a judgment has been given by the District Judge, Ghaziabad awarding compensation in favour of respondents No. 9 to 56 in a reference to him under Section 18 of the Land Acquisition Act where both the State Government and NOIDA were arrayed as respondents and in the execution application filed by the respondents, both the State Government and the petitioners are arrayed as opposite parties. The District Judge has given award under Section 26 of the Land Acquisition Act. Sub-section (2) of the Section 26 of the aforesaid Act provides; " (2) Every such award shall be deemed to be a decree and the state ment of the grounds of every such award a judgment within the meaning of Section 2, clause (2), and Section 2, claus (9), respec tively, of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (5 of 1908. " 9. Section 53 of tike Land Acquisition Act makes the provisions of the Code of Civil Procedure applicable to the proceedings under the Land Acqui sition Act in cases there it no provision to the contrary contained in the Act. The aforesaid two provisions make it amply clear that an award given by the District Judge under Section 26 of the Land Acquisition Act is a decree for the purposes of the Code of Civil Procedure and the said decree can be executed in accordance with the provisions of the Code of Civil Procedure, The peti tioners position is that of a judgment-debtor in the aforesaid decree. 10. 10. In Smt. Shyam Lata Jauhari v. The Collector, Allahabad, reported in 1990 AWC 1234, a Division Bench of this court has held: "a look at the scheme of the Land Acquisition Act will reveal that Part II of the Act deals with the initial stages of acquisition pro ceedings which take place before the Collector which also include Section 11 which deals with enquiry and determination of com pensation while making the award. Part III of the Act, on the other hand, deals with proceedings consequent upon a reference against the Collectors award. Section 26 prescribes the manner and form of the award which the Court gives on a reference being made to it by the Collector under Section 18. "the words that at once attract attention in Section 26 are that every award under this part shall be in writing signed by the Judge and. . . . The expression this part excludes the award made by the Collector under Section 11. Besides the award, this section speaks of it is the one given under the signature of the Judge and not Collector. Thus only the award given by the court" on a reference being made under Section 18 and which is signed by the Judge can be deemed to be a decree under Section 26 capable of being executed as such by the Civil Court. . . . ". 11. The same view has been taken by the Patna High Court in Ahmad Husain v. P. B. Naiman, reported in AIR 1963 Pat 30 . The Division Bench decision in the case of Ghaziabad Development Authority (supra) has referred to Section 31 of the Land Acquisition Act. Section 31 of the Land Acquisition Act has no relevance for awards given under Section 26 in a reference made under Section 18 of the Land Acquisition Act. Section 31 refers to award given by the Collector under Section II of the Land Acquisition Act. The responsibility of paying compensation under Section 31 of the Land Acquisi tion Act has been fixed on the State Government only in cases where Collector has made an award under Section 11 of the Act. Section 31 refers to award given by the Collector under Section II of the Land Acquisition Act. The responsibility of paying compensation under Section 31 of the Land Acquisi tion Act has been fixed on the State Government only in cases where Collector has made an award under Section 11 of the Act. The said section is not relevant for the purpose of the execution of an award given under Section 26 by a District Judge which is equivalent to a decree passed by the Civil Court and which is executable in accordance with the procedure prescribed under the Code of Civil Procedure. The Division Bench decision in the case of Ghaziabad Development Authority (supra) was mainly considering a case where Ghaziabad Development Authority was neither a judgment-debtor nor a patty in the reference. In the aforesaid context, the Court held that the compensation awarded by the District Judge cannot be recovered from the authority in whose favour acquisition has been made. I am of the view that the aforesaid Division Bench decision is not relevant in the context of the present case. However, with all respects, I say that a reference made under Section 31 of the Land Acquisition Act in the aforesaid Division Bench decision was not relevant in the context of enforcing on award passed under Section 26 of the Land Acqui sition Act. The attention of the Division Bench was not drawn towards the provisions of Section 26 of the Land Acquisition Act. However, since I have taken a view that the aforesaid Division Bench decision is distinguishable on the facts of the present case, it is not necessary any further to deal with the aforesaid decision ot the Division Bench. In the circumstances of the case, and particularly in view of the fact that the petitioners have contested the reference proceedings made to the District Judge and have led evidence in the aforesaid proceedings and aggrieved by the award of the District Judge, the petitioners having themselves filed First Appeals in this Court, the petitioners cannot be permitted to invoke the extraordinary jurisdiction of this Court under Article 226 of the Constitution of India. 12. 12. The petitioners have also placed reliance on a decision of the Supreme Court in Hissar Improvement Trust v. Smt. Rukmani Devi, reported in AIR 1990 SC 2033 in support of his contention that the liability of payment of compensation is on the Collector and not on the body for whose benefit the land has been acquired. The said decision has no relevance to the controversy involved in the present case. In the said decision, the question was whether the Hissar Improvement Trust is liable to pay interest to the claimant on the ground that the claimant was not paid the compensation amount within the time. The Court held that since the Hissar Improvement Trust had already deposited the entire amount of compensation with the Collector, the Improvement Trust cannot be saddled with the liability of the interest for not paying compensation to the claimant within the stipulated time. In the present case, no such controversy is involved. 13. The petitioners counsel has also contended that Section 31 of the Act provides procedure to the contrary for recovering the compensation amount from the State Government. I have already held that Section 31 of the Act has no relevance in the case where the award has been given under Section 26 of the Act. 14. In Ghanshyam Das Gupta v. Anant Kumar Sinha, reported in 1991 AL. I 958, the Hpnble Supreme Court has held that a writ petition questioning the executability of a decree is not maintainable. 15. In view of the aforesaid decision, the petitioners cannot be permitted to challenge the aforesaid execution proceedings, particularly in the, circumstances of the case, by means of a writ petition in this Court. 16. So far as the second contention is concerned, this contention is both contrary to record and contrary to law. The order impugned in the writ petition itself shows that the petitioners put in appearance before the executing court and asked for time to deposit the amount awarded by the District Judge in an award given under Section 26 of the Land Acquisition Act. The request of the petitioners was rejected. This be lies the petitioners contention that the order was passed without opportunity to them. The objection is also not sustainable on the ground that for executing a decree of a court, a judgment-debtor is not entitled of any further opportunity to show cause or notice. The request of the petitioners was rejected. This be lies the petitioners contention that the order was passed without opportunity to them. The objection is also not sustainable on the ground that for executing a decree of a court, a judgment-debtor is not entitled of any further opportunity to show cause or notice. The second objection raised by the petitioners counsel is accordingly rejected. 17. For the reasons discussed above, the writ petition is dismissed with costs which 1 determine Rs. 500 to each of the contesting respondents. The interim order passed by this Court is vacated forthwith. Petition dismissed. .