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1998 DIGILAW 705 (KAR)

ORIENTAL INSURANCE COMPANY LIMITED, BANGALORE v. VASANTHA RAO ALIAS VASUDEV

1998-10-27

N.S.VEERABHADRAIAH

body1998
N. S. VEERABHADRAIAH, J. ( 1 ) THIS is the insurer's appeal questioning the liability fastened by the claims Tribunal, Bijapur in MVC No. 292 of 198/. ( 2 ) THE brief facts of the case are as follows: the parents of the deceased Raghavendra filed a claim petition under section 110-A of the Motor Vehicles Act claiming compensation of Rs. 3,1/,000/- on account of his death in the Motor Vehicle accident that took place on 2-6-198/ at about 5. 00 p. m. near Managoli Village on bijapur Basavana Bagewadi Road due to the rash and negligent driving of the Tempo bearing Registration No. MYJ /9/2 by its driver while the deceased was accompanying as a passenger in the said vehicle. ( 3 ) THE respondents filed statement of objections resisting the claim petition. ( 4 ) THE claimants examined P. Ws. 1 and 2 and produced Exts. P. 1 to p. 11 whereas the respondent examined R. W. 1 and produced the policy of insurance marked as Ext. R. 1. ( 5 ) THE Claims Tribunal considering the evidence and the police records held that the accident took place on account of the rash and negligent driving of the Tempo bearing Regn. No. MYJ /9/2 by its driver and further considering the evidence and the age of the parents awarded a total compensation of Rs. 90,000/ -. The Oriental Insurance Company limited, being aggrieved of the liability fastened on it has come up with this appeal. 5-A. The claimants have filed cross-objections for enhancement of compensation. ( 6 ) LEARNED Counsel for the appellants contended that as per the terms and conditions of the policy Ext. R. 1, the maximum liability in respect of per passenger is Rs. 30,000/- and 6 passengers have been covered. The premium paid is at the rate of Rs. 30/- per passenger and the total premium paid is Rs. 180/ -. Therefore the limit of the Insurance company in respect of the death or bodily injury is limited to Rs. 30,000/ -. He further contended that the learned Member of the Claims tribunal has erred in not taking into consideration the entries made in the policy of insurance and the premium paid. 180/ -. Therefore the limit of the Insurance company in respect of the death or bodily injury is limited to Rs. 30,000/ -. He further contended that the learned Member of the Claims tribunal has erred in not taking into consideration the entries made in the policy of insurance and the premium paid. He further submitted that the decision relied on by the Claims Tribunal is impliedly overruled in mfa No. 115/ of 1984, in view of the judgment of the Supreme Court as held in para 6 thereof. Further, the learned Counsel for the appellants also relied on the decision in New India Assurance Company Limited v smt. Shanti Bai and Others. It is held that the liability of the Insurance company is in accordance with the premium paid and in the case on hand, the premium paid is Rs. 30/ -. Therefore, the liability per passenger is restricted to Rs. 30,000/ -. Accordingly, prayed to. allow the appeal to the extent of its liability. ( 7 ) LEARNED Counsel for the respondents-claimants submitted that the liability fastened on the Insurance Company is proper and therefore, prayed to dismiss the appeal. Respondent 3, the owner though served, remained unrepresented. ( 8 ) THE points that arise for consideration are: 1. Whether the Claims Tribunal is justified in fastening the entire liability on the Insurance Company? 2. If so, the liability to be interfered with? ( 9 ) IN the unreported decision in MFA No. 115/ of 1984, at para 6 it is stated as under:"6. This takes us to the next question as to the liability of the insurer. It was contended on behalf of the insurer that having regard to the premium paid the liability is restricted only to Rs. 50,000/- in respect of the third parties. It was pointed out that comprehensive premium of Rs. 4/6/- has been paid and as per the tariff and also the decision of this Court in United India Fire and general Insurance Company Limited v Azeerunnisa and Others, the payment of this premium of Rs. 426/- covers the liability only to the extent of Rs. 50,000/- and not more. As per the Tariff Rs. 426/- paid as comprehensive premium creates the liability only to the extent of Rs. 50,000/- could not be disputed by the learned counsel for the Claimants. 426/- covers the liability only to the extent of Rs. 50,000/- and not more. As per the Tariff Rs. 426/- paid as comprehensive premium creates the liability only to the extent of Rs. 50,000/- could not be disputed by the learned counsel for the Claimants. However, our attention was invited to the decision of this Court in Oriental Fire and General Insurance company Limited v Jagadish Babu, wherein, it has been held by this Court that if the columns are left blank in the Insurance policy regarding the liability, it should be taken that the Insurer has undertaken unlimited liability. In view of the decision of the supreme Court in National Insurance Company Limited, New delhi v Jugal Kishore and Others, wherein, it has been held that a specific agreement has to be arrived at between the owner and the Insurance Company and separate premium has to be paid on the amount of extra liability undertaken by the Insurance Company and that the requirement of the Tariff Regulation in this regard should be complied with, before fastening a higher liability on the Insurance Company. We find that the decision of this Court relied upon by the learned Counsel stands impliedly overruled and it cannot assist the appellants to fasten a higher liability on the insurer, on the mere ground 'that there is a blank in the policy regarding limit of liability of the Insurer. When there is such a blank in the policy, the Court has to verify the premium paid and whether that premium paid covers "act only" policy risk or whether it covers any higher risk. When undisputedly the premium paid in the present case does not cover the higher risk, the mere fact that in the column of liability there is a blank will not enure to the benefit of the claimants to fasten a higher liability on the Insurer. Therefore, the liability of the Insurer in the present case has to be limited only to Rs. 50. 000/- and the interest thereon and the balance of the amount has to be paid by the owner". ( 10 ) IT is pointed out that the Court has to examine the amount of premium paid to cover the risk and whether the payment of the premium is in accordance with the Tariff regulations or not. 50. 000/- and the interest thereon and the balance of the amount has to be paid by the owner". ( 10 ) IT is pointed out that the Court has to examine the amount of premium paid to cover the risk and whether the payment of the premium is in accordance with the Tariff regulations or not. It is only in case where the total premium is paid according to the Tariff regulations, then only holding the Insurance Company liable for unlimited liability does arise. In the decision supra, it is also observed that the decision in oriental Fire and General Insurance Company Limited's case, supra, is impliedly overruled. In that view of the matter, merely because of the reason, some columns are left blank, the Court should not proceed to hold that the liability is unlimited. The contention of the learned Counsel for the appellant is also supported by the decision in the case of New india Assurance Company Limited, supra, wherein at para 8, it is held as under:"it was contended before the High Court that a separate premium has been paid for the passengers. This shows that there was a special contract to cover unlimited liability in respect of passengers between the appellant-company and respondent 4. The Tribunal as well as the High Court seem to have proceeded on the basis that the appellant-company had charged an extra premium of 0. 50 paise per passenger to cover the risk of unlimited liability towards passengers. This seems to be an error. The premium of Rs. 600/-has been paid in respect of 50 passengers. The policy clearly shows this. It is not 0. 50 paise per passenger. It is pointed out by the appellant-company with reference to its tariff in respect of "legal liability for Accidents to Passengers" that if the limit of liability for any one passenger is fifteen thousand rupees, the rate of annual premium per passenger is Rs. 12/ -. If the limit is twenty thousand rupees, the rate of premium per passenger is Rs. 23/- per annum and so on. In respect of unlimited liability, the premium payable per passenger is Rs. 50/-". A plain reading of the observations of the Supreme Court makes it clear that according to the premium paid, that the Insurance Company has to be made liable. If the premium per passenger is Rs. 23/- per annum and so on. In respect of unlimited liability, the premium payable per passenger is Rs. 50/-". A plain reading of the observations of the Supreme Court makes it clear that according to the premium paid, that the Insurance Company has to be made liable. If the premium per passenger is Rs. 50/-, then the liability of the Insurance Company is unlimited. In the case on hand, the learned Counsel for the appellant has produced the Tariff Regulations. At page 43, it provides for the payment of the premium and also the extent of liability which reads as under: legal liability for Accidents to Passengers (i) Applicable to all passenger vehicles except (i) Motorised rickshawsi; (ii) Miscellaneous vehicles and (iii) Motor Trade (Road Risks)