Judgment M.Y.Eqbal, J. 1. In this writ application petitioner M/s Tata Iron and Steel Company has prayed for issuance of appropriate writ in the nature of certiorari for quashing the award passed by the Presiding Officer, Industrial Tribunal Ranchi in reference case no. 3/86 deciding the reference in favour of the respondents, the workmen represented by Tube Company Workers Union holding that 1.4.83 is effective date of amalgamation of Indian Tube Company Ltd. with the petitioner. 2. It appears that vide notification dated 30.4.86 by the Labour Employment and Training Department, Govt of Bihar the following dispute was referred to the tribunal for adjudication in exercise of jurisdiction U/s 10(1) (d) of Industrial Disputes Act. "Consequent upon amalgamation of M/s. Indian Tube Company with Tisco to what pay scale, Dearness allowance and other benefits the employees are entitled and from which date the same shall be payable to them." 3. The case of Tube Company Workers Union is that Management of M/s Indian Tube Company Limited, hereinafter referred to as Tube Company amalqamated with the management of Tisco on 1.4.83 and that the workmen of Tube Company are entitled to get payscale and dearness allowance which are being drawn by the employees of Tisco as well as the workmen of Indian Tube Company are entitled to other benefits which are being enjoyed by the employees of the Tisco with the personal protection of other monetary, benefits which are available to and other facilities which were being enjoyed by the employees of the Union prior to the date of amalgamation i.e. prior to 1.4.83. The further case of the respondent Union is that several monetary benefits which were available to the workmen of Tube Company and certain other facilities which were enjoyed by the workmen of the Tube Company have either been withdrawn or reduced. 4. On the other hand case of the management is that the management of the Tube Company amalgamated with the management of the Tisco on 1.10.85 and that the workmen of Tube Company are getting pay scale, dearness allowance and other benefits at par with the workmen of Tisco. 4. On the other hand case of the management is that the management of the Tube Company amalgamated with the management of the Tisco on 1.10.85 and that the workmen of Tube Company are getting pay scale, dearness allowance and other benefits at par with the workmen of Tisco. The further case of the management is that the management made an agreement with the Tata Workers Union which union was joined by majority of the members of the Tube Company Workers Union on 3.2.86 by which the demand raised by the Tube Company workers Union on 2.11.85 was settled, wherein it was agreed that the service conditions of the employees of the Tube Division shall be at par with the employees of other Division of the Company at Jamshedpur. According to the management since the agreement has been implemented before 20.4.86 on which the present reference was made, the present reference has become infructuous. 5. the Tribunal formulated the followina points for consideration in this reference:- (i) What is the effective date of amalgamation of the Indian Tube Company with Tisco? (ii) Whether the majority of the members of the Tube Company Workers Union joined the Tata Workers Union on amalgamation of the Indian Tube Co. with Tisco and if the answer is in affirmative whether the agreement, if any, entered in between the Tata Workers Union with the management of Tisco, shall be binding on the minority of the members of the Tube Company Workers Union? (iii) Whether there was any industrial dispute in between the management of Indian Tube Company Ltd. and its workmen on the date on which the present reference was made? (iv) Whether the industrial dispute which was in between the management of Indian Tube Company Ltd. and its workmen was resolved prior to the date on which the present reference was made? (v) To what scale, dearness allowance and other benefit the workmen of Indian Tube Company are entitled and from which date the same will be payable to them? 6. The Tribunal considered all the three points namely points nos.ll, III and IV together and decided these points in favour of the respondent/union. The Tribunal further considered point nos.I and V together and finally held that 1.4.83 is the effective date of amalgamation of Indian Tube Company with the Tisco. 6. The Tribunal considered all the three points namely points nos.ll, III and IV together and decided these points in favour of the respondent/union. The Tribunal further considered point nos.I and V together and finally held that 1.4.83 is the effective date of amalgamation of Indian Tube Company with the Tisco. The Tribunal further held that the payscale, dearness allowance and other benefits should be made available to the Workmen of the Indian Tube Company Ltd. at par with the workmen of Tisco from 1.4.83. 7. The writ petition was admitted on 5.11.92 for deciding the limited questions as to what is the effective date of amalgamation of the Tube Company with the petitioner/Tisco and what payscale, clearness allowance and other benefits the Workmen of Tube Company are entitled and from which date the same will be payable to them. 8. Mr. G.M.Mishra learned counsel appearing for the petitioner assailed the award on the ground inter-alia that the Tribunal has committed serious error of law, which is apparent on the face of the award and that the relevant materials on record have not at all considered or overlooked by the Tribunal. The learned counsel further submitted that amalgamation of one company with another company requires sanction of the Court under the. provisions of the Companies Act. Order of sanction made by the Court comes into effect only when certified copy of order is filed with the Registrar. Learned counsel submitted that the Companies Act as such does not give any protection to the employees of transferor company with regard to their absorption/employment in the transferee company. Learned counsel referred paragraphs 7, 15 of the amalgamation scheme, a copy of which is annexure-11 here and submitted that scheme itself envisaged that the amalgamation shall take effect from the date when the copy of order of Calcutta and Bombay High Courts sanctioning the scheme shall be filed with the appropriate Registrar of the Companies and such date would be considered as effective date for the purpose of the scheme, viz. implementation of the transfer of employees. Learned counsel further referred relevant portion of the order dated 1.8.85 passed by Bombay High Court and relevant portion of the order dated 15.5.85 passed by the Calcutta High Court. Learned counsel therefore submitted that certified copies of the orders of Bombay and Calcutta High Courts were filed with Registrar of the Companies on 1.10.85. Learned counsel further referred relevant portion of the order dated 1.8.85 passed by Bombay High Court and relevant portion of the order dated 15.5.85 passed by the Calcutta High Court. Learned counsel therefore submitted that certified copies of the orders of Bombay and Calcutta High Courts were filed with Registrar of the Companies on 1.10.85. Learned counsel further submitted that in terms of the scheme and in terms of the orders passed by the High Courts, one day before the filing of the orders before the Registrar i.e. on 1.9.85 a general offer was given by the Chairman-cum-Managing Director of the Company to the employees of the Tube Company inviting them to exercise their option and unless they decline the offer in writing their services in the Tube Company Ltd. will be transferred in the petitioners Company without any interruption. Learned Counsel therefore submitted that on the basis of relevant clause of the scheme and the orders passed by the High Courts the effective date shall be 1.10.85 and not from 1.4.83. Learned counsel then submitted that "appointed date" relatable to the transfer of assets and liabilities of Tube Company to Tisco. It is specifically laid down for accounting purposes and also for the termination of the relationship of buyers and sellers of Tubes manufactured by Tube Company. It is contended that charter of demand was submitted by the Tube Company Workers Union on 7.5.85 to the General Manager of the Tube Company and not to the petitioner Tisco and the employees of Tube Company continued to draw their wages from Tube Company prior to 1.10.85. It is therefore contended that in any view of the matter effective date can be only 1.10.85 and can not be 1.4.83. 9. On the other hand Mrs. M. M. Pat learned counsel appearing for the workers Union submitted that the effective date and the appointed date of the scheme of amalgamation of the Tube Company with the petitioner Co. are in consonance with the judgement of Bombay and Calcutta High Courts on that point. Learned counsel has drawn my attention to the relevant paragraphs of the scheme particularly paragraphs 5 and 7 and submitted that on the reading of the scheme and the order together it is abundantly clear that the effective date of the amalgamation is 1.4.83. are in consonance with the judgement of Bombay and Calcutta High Courts on that point. Learned counsel has drawn my attention to the relevant paragraphs of the scheme particularly paragraphs 5 and 7 and submitted that on the reading of the scheme and the order together it is abundantly clear that the effective date of the amalgamation is 1.4.83. Learned counsel then submitted that tribunal has given positive and satisfactory reason in the award and there is no perversity or other error of law or error of fact. Learned counsel then submitted that factually merger of two companies took place w.e.f. 1.4.83 from which date workmen have become entitled to extra monetary benefits by reason of amalgamation. 10. From perusal of the impugned award it transpires that on the main issue i.e. Issue no.1 and 5 the Tribunal has come to the finding that as per Ext. M- 12 and M-15 scheme of amalgamation was to be effective from 1.4.83 and the scheme of amalgamation was to take effect finally from 1.10.85. The Tribunal therefore held that 1.4.83 is the effective date of amalgamation of Indian Tube Company with Tisco and therefore the workmen of Tube Company are entitled to get all benefits at par with the workmen of Tisco from 1.4.83. 11. Before appreciating the rival contention made by the learned counsels appearing for the parties and finding arrived at by the Tribunal it would be useful to first look into the order passed by the Bombay High Court and the relevant clauses of the scheme of amalgamation. 12. From perusal of the order passed by the Bombay High Court it transpires that an application U/s 391 and 394 of the Indian Companies Act was filed by the petitioner-Tisco being Company petition No.89/84 praying for sanction of an arrangement embodied in the scheme of amalgamation of the Tube Company with the petitioner Tisco. The Bombay High Court passed order on 1.8.85 granting sanction for amalgamation. The Bombay High Court passed order on 1.8.85 granting sanction for amalgamation. The relevant portion of the orders reads as under : "THIS COURT DOTH HEREBY sanction the Arrangement embodied in theScheme of Amalgamation annexed as Exhibit C to the petition and annexed hereto as schedule II, AND DOTH DECLARE the same to be binding on the Transferee-Company and its members and also on the Transferor Company and its members AND THIS COURT DOTH FURTHER ORDER that the Scheme of Amalgamation be and it is hereby effective from the Ist day of April, 1983, which date is hereinafter referred to as "the Appointed Day." AND THIS COURT DOTH FURTHER ORDER that the Transferee- Company shall prior to the day immediately preceding the effective Date referred to in Clause 15 of the Scheme of Amalgamation by a general notice offer employment to all the employees of the Transferor-Company on their existing remuneration and conditions of service and all such employees of the Transferor-Company as are in its employment at the close of business of the aforesaid day and as shall not expressly in writing declined such offer shall continue in employment in the said undertaking as employees of the Transferee-Company without interruption in service and on the same remuneration and conditions as or on remuneration and conditions not in any way less favourable to such employees than those applicable to them at the aforesaid day and the Transferee Company shall be legally liable to pay to any such employee in the event of his retrenchment such compensation as he may be entitled to receive under the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 or any substituted enactment rupted by the transfer of the undertaking of the Transferor-Company to the Transferee-Company." 13. From perusal of the relevant portion of the order quoted above it is manifest that 1.4.83 is the appointed date i.e. the date from which scheme of amalgamation became effective, it is also not disputed by the respondent that 1.4.83 is the appointed date when entire business and undertakings of the transferor Company stood transferred and vested in the transferee company. The later part of the order further declares that the transferee company prior to the date immediately preceding the effective date referred to in clause 15 of the scheme of amalgamation by a general notice to offer employment to all the employees of the transferor company on their existing remuneration and conditions of service and such employees of the transferor company in absence of any express declination shall continue in the employment of the transferee company and the transferee company shall be legally liable to pay to any such employee in the event of his retrenchment or on such declination such compensation as may be entitled to under the law. 14. It is therefore clear that the effective date used in the order of the High Court refers to the effective date mentioned in clause 15 of the scheme from which date transferee company shall be liable to pay remuneration compensation etc. It is therefore necessary to look into clause 15 of the amalgamation scheme alongwith other clauses which reads as under: 1. "This Scheme of Arrangement and Amalgamation {hereinafter referred to as "the Scheme") is effective from lst April, 1983 or such other date as the appropriate High Court may direct, which date is hereinafter referred to as "the Appointed day." 2. "On and from the Appointed Day, the entire business and undertaking of the Indian Tube Company Limited, a public Company having its Registered Office at 43, chowringhee Road, Calcutta 700 071 (hereinafter referred to as "the Transferer Company") shall without any further act or deed be and the same shall stand transferred to and vested in and be deemed to have been transferred to an vested in The Tata Iron and Steel Company Limited, a public Company having its Registered Office at Bombay House, 24, Homi Mody Street, Fort, Bombay 400 023 (hereinafter referred to as "the Transferee Company") pursuant to the provisions of Section 394 of the Companies Act, 1956 (hereinafter referred to as "the said Act.") for all the estate and interest of the Transferor Company subject nevertheless to all changes if any then affecting the same and on the Appointed Day the Transferor Company shall be amalgamated with the Transferee Company." 5. "The Transferor Company shall with effect from the Appointed Day be deemed to have carried on its business and activities of its undertaking on behalf of and for the benefit and on account of the Transferee Company and accordingly all profits accruing or losses arising or incurred by or in the business of the Transferor Company as and from the Appointed Day shall for all purposes be and shall be treated as profits or losses as the case may be of the Transferee Company and shaft be available to the Transferee Company for disposition in any manner including the declaration of any dividend by the Transferee Company. As such the Transferor Company shall carry on its business and activities on and from the Appointed Day as economically and efficiently as possible and with utmost prudence and without creating any charge or making any alienation of or otherwise dealing with its undertaking or any part thereof except in the ordinary course of business. 7. "The Transferee Company shall prior to the day immediately preceding the effective day referred to in clause 15 below of the Scheme by a general notice offer employment to all the employees of the Transferor Company on their existing remuneration and conditions of service and all such employees of the Transferor Company as are in its employment at the close of business on the aforesaid day and as shall not have expressly in writing declined such offer shall continue in employment in the said undertaking as employees of the Transferee Company without interruption in service and on the same remuneration and conditions as or on remuneration and conditions not in any way less favourable to such employees than those applicable to them at the aforesaid day and the Transferee Company shall be legally liable to pay to any such employee in the event of his retrenchment such compensation as he may be entitled to receive under the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 or any substituted enactment on the basis that his service has been continuous and has not been interrupted by the transfer of the undertaking of the Transferor company to the Transferee Company. 15. 15. "The Scheme although operative from the Appointed Day shall take effect finally from the last of the dates upon which certified copy/copies of the order/orders of the High Courts at Calcutta and Bombay sanctioning the Scheme shall have been filed with the appropriate Registrars of Companies pursuant to Section 394 of the said Act. (such last date being referred to in the Scheme as "The Effective Date" for the purpose of the Scheme." 15. From perusal of clause 15 it is bundantly clear that although the scheme of amalgamation would be operative from the appointed date i.e. 1.4.83 but it shall take effect finally from the last of the date upon which certified copy of the orders of the High Courts sanctioning the scheme shall be filed with the ap- propriate Registrar of the Companies pur- suant to section 394 of the Companies Act. Such last date will be taken as an effective date for the purpose of the scheme. Clause 7 of the scheme also provides that the transferee Company shall give a general notice of offer just prior to the date preceding the effective date offering employment to all the employees of the transferor Company on their existing remuneration. It appears that in terms of the scheme and the order passed by the High Court to that effect a general notice of offer was issued by the petitioner Company on 1.9.85, a copy of that letter was proved and marked Exhibit and also annexed and filed as Annexure- 2 to the writ petition. It is therefore clear that in terms of the High Court order a general notice offering employment to all the employees of the Transferor Company was given immediately preceding the effective date as referred to in clause 15 of the scheme. The tribunal has not understood the implications of the order reading it together with clause 7 and 15 of the amalgamation scheme. There is no reference in the award regarding the general notice dated 1.9.85 which is clearly suggestive of the fact that after 1.9.85 i.e. 1.10.85 is the effective date from which transfer of the employees came ino effect. 16. There is no reference in the award regarding the general notice dated 1.9.85 which is clearly suggestive of the fact that after 1.9.85 i.e. 1.10.85 is the effective date from which transfer of the employees came ino effect. 16. Besides the above it is not disputed by the respondent that the concerned workmen of Tube Company continued to draw their wages from the Transferor Company (Tube Company) prior to 1.10.85 and the employees of the Transferor Company have afready given benefits of wages at par with the operaemployees of the Transferee Company w.e.f. 1.10.85. The finding of the tribunal therefore that the effective date is 1.4.83 from which employees of the Transferor Company are entitled to get benefits is perverse in law and contrary to the amalgamation scheme and the order passed by the High Courts. From the facts and the materials discussed hereinabove, it can safely be concluded that effective date is 1.10.85 for the purpose of giving benefits of wages and other benefits to the employees of the Transferor Company. 17. This writ application is therefore allowed and the impugned order passed by the Tribunal is set-aside. However in the facts of the case there shall be no order as to cost.