Jupitar Coke Industries v. Central Coalfields Ltd.
1999-09-09
R.A.SHARMA, S.K.CHATTOPADHYAYA
body1999
DigiLaw.ai
Judgment S.K.Chattopadhyaya, J. 1. The petitioners have prayed for declaration that the respondents have no jurisdiction to realise cess on supply of coal/rejects/middlings from Kargali and Giddi Coal Washeries and also for direction to the respondents to refund the amount of cess on coal and local cess to the petitioners which were realised from them for different periods since March, 1991. 2. The legal position involved in this case has been settled by the Supreme Court as well this Court. In the case of Tata Iron and Steel Company Ltd. and another vs. Union of India and Others, 1996(1) PLJR 404 a Division Bench of this Court while upholding the validity of the cess and other taxes on Minerals (Validation) Act, 1992 observed that "the taxes collected before 4.4.1991 are not required to be refunded but Act does not sanction the recovery of any tax after 4.4.1991. " The effect of the said observation is that if the cess was realised by this State up-to 4.4.1991 it is not required to be refunded but it could not be recovered after 4.4.91. However, thereafter the Apex Court considering the same controversy in the case of P.K.Kannadasan vs. State of Tamil Nadu and others, AIR 1996 SC 2560 while upholding the validity of the Validation Act declared that no distinction can be drawn between the person who has paid the cess and the person who has not paid it because the Act indicates the intention to validate imposition as well as collection." Their lordships were of the view that the said Validation Act had validated both imposition and collection of cess. Their lordships held that "once the provisions, which create the levy, are deemed to have been enacted by Parliament, the levy is very much there with retrospective effect. Once there is a valid levy, not only the tax already collected need not be refunded but the taxes and cesses which have not already been collected can also be collected. This decision in effect has laid down that the taxes recovered till 4.4.1991 cannot be refunded and the State is entitled to recover the cess, which was imposed/became due even after the said date.
This decision in effect has laid down that the taxes recovered till 4.4.1991 cannot be refunded and the State is entitled to recover the cess, which was imposed/became due even after the said date. This decision of the Supreme Court was relied by a Division Bench of this court in the case of Bharat Coking Coal Ltd. vs. State of Bihar and Ors., 1998(2) PLJR 523 wherein it has been held that it is open for the State to recover the tax even after the cut-off date if it is for the period prior to 4.4.1991. 3. The petitioners have alleged that they submitted tenders and offered to purchase middlings/slurry of different quantities from March, 1991 onwards for which respective purchase orders were given to them. It is further asserted that though the petitioners were only required to pay the amount of royalty, cess charge and taxes under the Bihar Sales Tax Act, but, on the contrary, they had to pay a huge amount towards cess for the months of March, April, May and June, 1991 respectively. According to them, a total sum of Rs.3,23,600-10P has been realised from them from March, 1991 to June, 1991 as cess on purchase of slurry/middlings by the respondent. This assertion has been countered by the respondents by averting that they are realising cess as the same relates to coal mined prior to 25.10.1989 and they have already deposited the amount of cess with the State Government. Thus, from the assertion made by the respondents it appears that they have not recovered any tax after 4.4.1991, the cut-off date as mentioned in the aforesaid judgment. Though the petitioners in their rejoinder have not controverted the aforesaid statement of the respondents that they were realising cess on coal which was mined prior to 25.10.1989, they have asserted that the respondents have not paid royalty on cess to the State Government and were realising cess even after the judgment of this Court. 4. In the case of M/s. Orissa Cement Limited vs. State of Orissa and Ors. and other analogous cases reported in AIR 1991 SC 1676 in Paragraph 64, the issue regarding refund of the amount of cess realised without any authority has been considered.
4. In the case of M/s. Orissa Cement Limited vs. State of Orissa and Ors. and other analogous cases reported in AIR 1991 SC 1676 in Paragraph 64, the issue regarding refund of the amount of cess realised without any authority has been considered. Considering the rival contentions their lordships in paragraph 70 have held as under : "We have given our earnest consideration to these contentions and we are of opinion that the ruling in India Cement concludes the issue. There the Court was specifically called upon to consider an argument that, even if the statutory levy should be found invalid, the Court may not give directions to refund amounts already collected and the argument found favour with the Bench of seven Judges. We are bound by their decision in this regard. It is difficult to accept the plea that, in giving these directions, the Court overlooked the provisions of Articles 246 and 265 of the Constitution. The Court was fully aware of the position that the effect of the legislation in question being found byond the competence of the State Legislature was to render it void ab initio and the collections made thereunder without the authority of law. Yet the Court considered that a direction to refund all the cesses collected since 1964 would work hardship and injustice. The directions, now impugned, were given in the interests of equity and justice after due consideration and we cannot take a contrary view." 5. One of the reasonings for such finding has been discussed in paragraph 71 of the said judgment. According to their lordships, where a petitioner by filing a writ application under Article 226 of the Constitution prays for refund of taxes collected over an indefinite period of years should be granted once the levy is found to be illegal and to answer the question in affirmative would result in discrimination between the persons based on their choice of forum for relief, a classification which prima facie, is too fragile to be considered a relevant criterion for the resulting discrimination. This is one of the reasons why there has been an understandable hesita- tion on the part of the Courts in answering the above question in affirmative. 6.
This is one of the reasons why there has been an understandable hesita- tion on the part of the Courts in answering the above question in affirmative. 6. In view of the aforesaid decisions of the Supreme Court and of this Court, in my view, no case has been made out by the petitioners for giving any relief to them. 7. In the result, I find no merit in this application, which is dismissed. However, there will be no order as to cost. R.A.Sharma, J. 8 I agree.