tSu] lnL;-&;g vihy jktLo vf/kdkjh] t;iqj ds fu.kZ; ,oa fMdzh fnukad 3-3-97 d fo:} jktLFkku dkrdkjh vf/kfu;e] 1955 ¼la{ksi es vf/kfu;e½ dh /kkjk 224 ds v/khu izLrqr dh xbZ gSA ¼2½ izdj.k ds la{ksi esa rF; bl izdkj gS fd jsLiksUMsUV@oknh }kjk ,d okn vf/kfu;e dh /kkjk 88 ,oa 188 ds v/khu vihykFkhZ jkT; ljdkj ds fo:} lgk;d dysDVj] pkSewa ds U;k;ky; esa bl vkk; dk izLrqr fd;k fd lkfcd [kljk uEcj 221@2 jdck 56 ch?kk 8 fcLok feu ftlds gky uEcj dqy fdrk 22 cus gS ftlesa ls 19 ch?kk 1 fcLok ftlds gky [kljk uEcj tks bu 22 fdrk uEcjku esa kkfey gS ijlEor~ 2010 ls iwoZ gh oknhx.k ds dCts dkrk esa vk jgh gS tks xyrh ls flok;pd ntZ gks xbZA oknhx.k bl Hkwfe ij mid`"kd ntZ jgs gS blfy, mUgs lEor~ 2012 ds ipkr~ Lor% gh [kkrsnkjh vf/kdkj izkIr gks x;s ysfdu fookfnr Hkwfe flok;pd ntZ dj nh xbZA izfroknh jkT; ljdkj }kjk ,ykfu;k /kedh nsus ls okn gsrqd mRiUu gqvkA vr% bl fookfnr Hkwfe ij mUgs [kkrsnkj ?kksf"kr fd;k tkos ,oa izfroknh dks LFkk;h fu"ks/kkKk ls ikcUn fd;k tkosA fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk ;g fu"d"kZ fudkyk fd fookfnr Hkwfe ds lEcU/k esa oknhx.k viuh dkrdkjh fujUrj :i ls lkfcr djus esa vlQy jgs gSa tks fjdkMZ izLrqr gqvk mlesa oknhx.k }kjk fookfnr Hkwfe ij vfrdzeh dh gSfl;r ls dkr dh xbZ gSA fookfnr Hkwfe flok;pd gksus ds dkj.k vuqlwfpr tkfr ds O;fDr;ksa dks fnukad 10-5-73 dks vkofUVr Hkh dj nh xbZA ekSf[kd lk{; tks oknhx.k }kjk djok;s x;s os dsoy ifjokj ds lnL;ksa ds gh djok;s x;s tks fgrc} xokg FksA fdlh LorU= xokg ls Hkh fookfnr Hkwfe ij yEcs le; ls dCts dkr gksus dh i`f"V ugh gksrhA oknhx.k us /kkjk 80 lh-ih-lh- dk uksfVl Hkh ugh fn;kA blfy, okn lkfcr u gksus o /kkjk 80 lh-ih-lh- dk uksfVl u nsus ds dkj.k fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk vius fu.kZ; 12-2-96 }kjk oknhx.k dk okn [kkfjt dj fn;kA ftlds fo:} izFke jktLo vihy vf/kdkjh] t;iqj ds U;k;ky; esa izLrqr dh xbZA jktLo vihy vf/kdkjh us vf/kfu;e dh /kkjk 19 ds rgr [kkrsnkjh lkfcr gksus vkSj ,MolZ itsku ds vk/kkj ij [kkrsnkjh dk ekeyk cuus ds vk/kkj ij oknhx.k dk okn fMdzh dj fn;kA lkFk esa v/khuLFk vihyh; U;k;ky; us ;g Hkh ekuk fd ftu O;fDr;ksa dk vkoUVu gqvk gS muds vkoUVu esa v/khuLFk U;k;ky; gLr{ksi ugh djuk pkgrhA /kkjk 80 lh-ih-lh- ds uksfVl ds lEcU/k esa dh /kkjk 19 ds rgr [kkrsnkjh lkfcr gksus vkSj ,MolZ itsku ds vk/kkj ij [kkrsnkjh dk ekeyk cuus ds vk/kkj ij oknhx.k dk okn fMdzh dj fn;kA lkFk esa v/khuLFk vihyh; U;k;ky; us ;g Hkh ekuk fd ftu O;fDr;ksa dk vkoUVu gqvk gS muds vkoUVu esa v/khuLFk U;k;ky; gLr{ksi ugh djuk pkgrhA /kkjk 80 lh-ih-lh- ds uksfVl ds lEcU/k esa Hkh v/khuLFk vihyh; U;k;ky; us bl vk/kkj ij jkT; ljdkj ds ,rjkt dks [kkfjt fd;k fd jkT; ljdkj }kjk ;g ,rjkt fopkj.k U;k;ky; esa ugh mBk;s x;s vkSj fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk /kkjk 80 lh-ih-lh- ds uksfVl dh NwV ns nh xbZ gS vkSj bl vk/kkj ij oknhx.k dk okn fMdzh fdrk 14 jdck 4-98 gSDVj dk [kkrsnkj dkrdkj vius fu.kZ; o fMdzh fnukad 3-3-97 }kjk ?kksf"kr dj fn;kA bl fu.kZ; o fMdzh ls O;fFkr gksdj jkT; ljdkj }kjk ;g f}rh; vihy bl U;k;ky; esa izLrqr dh xbZ gSA ¼3½ fo}ku vfrfjDr jktdh; vf/koDrk us rdZ fn;k fd okn i= esa oknh }kjk dksbZ fofk"B [kljk uEcj ugh fn;s x;s gS cfYd lkfcd [k-ua- 221@2 jdck 56 ch?kk 18 fcLok esa ls cus dqy fdrk 22 esa ls 19 ch?kk 1 fcLok jdcs ij [kkrsnkjh pkgh xbZ gS ftlds fo:} jkT; ljdkj }kjk tokc fn;k x;k vkSj ;g dFku fd;k x;k fd okn nk;jh ds iwoZ /kkjk 80 lh-ih-lh- dk uksfVl ugh fn;k x;k FkkA fookfnr Hkwfe cUnkscLr ls iwoZ Hkh flok;pd Fkh vkSj mlds ckn Hkh flok;pd gSA oknhx.k us vf/kfu;e dh /kkjk 19 ds rgr vuqrks"k pkgk gS mlds fy, oknhx.k dks jktLo fjdkMZ ls gh ;g lkfcr djuk iM+sxk fd os vf/kfu;e ykxw gksus ds le; fookfnr Hkwfe ij ,MfeVsM VsusUV Fks] tks oknhx.k }kjk fl} ugh fd;k x;kA v/khuLFk vihyh; U;k;ky; us oknhx.k us okn ls ckgj tkdj ,MolZ itsku ds vk/kkj ij Hkh [kkrsnkjh izkIr gksuk ekuk tks oknhx.k ds vfHkopuksa o lk{;ksa ls ckgj gS] bl ij dksbZ rudh Hkh fu/kkZfjr ugh dh xbZ FkhA blfy, v/khuLFk vihyh; U;k;ky; dk fu.kZ; iwjh rjg ls fof/k ,oa fjdkMZ ds fo:} gksus ls [kkfjt ;ksX; gSA fo}ku vfrfjDr jktdh; vf/koDrk us vihy ds lkFk izLrqr /kkjk 5 e;kn vf/kfu;e ds izkFkZuk i= ds lanHkZ esa Hkh fuosnu fd;k fd v/khuLFk vihyh; U;k;ky; ds fu.kZ; 3-3-97 ds fo:} vihy fnukad 22-8-97 dks izLrqr dh xbZ ftlesas dqN foyEc gqvk gSA ysfdu izkFkZuk esa mYysf[kr dFkuksa dks n`f"Vxr j[krs gq, tks nsjh gqbZ gS mld larks"kizn ,oa lnHkkoh dkj.k vfrfjDr jktdh; vf/koDrk us vihy ds lkFk izLrqr /kkjk 5 e;kn vf/kfu;e ds izkFkZuk i= ds lanHkZ esa Hkh fuosnu fd;k fd v/khuLFk vihyh; U;k;ky; ds fu.kZ; 3-3-97 ds fo:} vihy fnukad 22-8-97 dks izLrqr dh xbZ ftlesas dqN foyEc gqvk gSA ysfdu izkFkZuk esa mYysf[kr dFkuksa dks n`f"Vxr j[krs gq, tks nsjh gqbZ gS mld larks"kizn ,oa lnHkkoh dkj.k jgsA izdj.k xq.kkoxq.k dh n`f"V ls Hkh lcy gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa vkj-vkj-Mh- 1998 i`"B 319¼1½] dks n`f"Vxr j[krs gq, tks vYi foyEc gqvk gS mldks {kek fd;k tkos vkSj izdj.k dks xq.kkoxq.k ij fuf.kZr fd;k tkosA ¼4½ jsLiksUMsUV ds fo}ku odhy dk rdZ gS fd /kkjk 80 lh-ih-lh- ij tc jkT; ljdkj us ,rjkt ugh fd;k rks mles NwV gh ugh ekuh tkuh pkfg,A Hkwfe iwoZ esa tkxhjnkj dh Hkwfe Fkh ftl ij jsLiksUMsUV@oknhx.k dkrdkj Fks blfy, mUgs vf/kfu;e dh /kkjk 19 ds vUrxZr Lor% [kkrsnkjh vf/kdkj fey tkrs gS blfy, v/khuLFk vihyh; U;k;ky; dk fu.kZ; mfpr gSA ¼5½ geus mHk; i{k ds fo}ku odhyksa dh cgl ij euu fd;k ,oa fjdkMZ dk voyksdu fd;kA ¼6½ tgka rd /kkjk 5 e;kn vf/kfu;e ds izkFkZuk i= dk izu gS] mldk voyksdu fd;k x;kA fu.kZ; fnukad 3-3-97 ds fo:} vihy fnukad 22-8-97 dks e;kn dh vof/k xqtjus ds yxHkx <kbZ ekg ckn izlrqr dh xbZ] ftlds fy, izkFkZuk i= esa tks dkj.k vafdr gS fd bl fu.kZ; dh tkudkjh jktdh; vfHkHkk"kd }kjk le; ij ugh nh xbZ o udy ysus esa ,-lh-,e- dk;kZy; dh i=koyh u gksus d dkj.k nsjh gqbZA ;s ,sls dkj.k gS tks larks"ktud ,oa lnHkkoh gS tks ekuus ;ksX; gSA vkj-vkj-Mh- 2002 i`"B 37¼2½] esa ekuuh; mPp U;k;ky; }kjk fn;s x;s fu.kZ; dks n`f"Vxr j[krs gq, fd tgka jkT; ljdkj i{kdkj gS vkSj mlds }kjk ;fn vihy izLrqr dh tkrh gS rks ,sls ekeyksa esa izdj.k dks xq.kkoxq.k dh n`f"V ij igys ijh{k.k fd;k tkuk vkod; gSA tSlk fd uhps foospu fd;k x;k gS fd izdj.k xq.kkoxq.k dh n`f"V ls lcy gS blfy, /kkjk 5 e;kn vf/kfu;e ds izkFkZuk i= dks Lohdkj djrs gq, xq.kkoxq.k ij gh izdj.k dk fu.kZ; fd;k tkuk ge mfpr le>rs gSA ¼7½ tgka rd oknh@jsLiksMsUV okn i= ds iwoZ /kkjk 80 lh-ih-lh- ds uksfVl nsus dk loky gS] bl lEcU/k esa jkT; ljdkj }kjk fopkj.k U;k;ky; esa vius tokc ds iSjk uEcj 13 ea ;g vkifRr mBk;h xbZS gS fd ljdkj ds fo:} nkok izLrqr djus ls iwoZ /kkjk 80 lh-ih-lh- dk izdj.k dk fu.kZ; fd;k tkuk ge mfpr le>rs gSA ¼7½ tgka rd oknh@jsLiksMsUV okn i= ds iwoZ /kkjk 80 lh-ih-lh- ds uksfVl nsus dk loky gS] bl lEcU/k esa jkT; ljdkj }kjk fopkj.k U;k;ky; esa vius tokc ds iSjk uEcj 13 ea ;g vkifRr mBk;h xbZS gS fd ljdkj ds fo:} nkok izLrqr djus ls iwoZ /kkjk 80 lh-ih-lh- dk uksfVl nsuk vko;d gS ;k bldh NwV izkIr djus ds ipkr gh okn pyk;k tk ldrk gSA fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk vius fu.kZ; esa bldh NwV ugh nsdj /kkjk 80 lh-ih-lh- ds uksfVl u nsus ds dkj.k Hkh okn dks [kkfjt fd;k gSA ;|fi fopkj.k U;k;ky; us xq.kkoxq.k dh n`f"V ls Hkh okn dk ijh{k.k fd;k gS ysfdu v/khuLFk vihyh; U;k;ky; }kjk fjdkMZ ds foijhr tkdj ;g eku ysuk fd jkT; ljdkj }kjk fopkj.k U;k;ky; ds le{k dksbZ ,rjkt bl ckcr ugh mBk;k x;k] ;g lgh ugh gSA u gh fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk /kkjk 80 lh-ih-lh- ds uksfVl dks oso fd;k gSA blfy, v/khuLFk U;k;ky; dk bl fcUnq ij fu"d"kZ fcuk vk/kkj ds ,oa fjdkMZ ds foijhr fn;k x;k gS tks dk;e j[kus ;ksX; ugh gSA ¼8½ blh izdkj v/khuLFk vihyh; U;k;ky; us vius fu.kZ; easa oknhx.k dks ,MolZ itsku ds vk/kkj ij Hkh vf/kdkj izkIr gksus dk fu"d"kZ fudkyk gS tcfd blds lEcU/k esa u rks oknhx.k ds okn es dksbZ vfHkopu Fkk u gh bl lEcU/k esa dksbZ rudh cukbz xbZ u gh bl izdkj ds dksbZ lk{; vk;s gSA blds ckotwn Hkh ,MolZ itsku ds vk/kkj ij [kkrsnkjh vf/kdkj feyus dk tks fu"d"kZ v/khuLFk vihyh;k U;k;ky; }kjk fn;k x;k og Hkh fjdkMZ ds foifjr ,oa euekuk gS mldk vk/kkj ugh gS D;ksfd jktLo fjdkMZ ls oknhx.k dk fujUrj vckf/kr dCtk gksuk izekf.kr ugh gksrkA o"kZ 1973 ls rks Hkwfe vkofUVr Hkh gks pqdh gSA ¼9½ oknhx.k dk okn dsoy bl vk/kkj ij gS fd laor~ 2010 ls fookfnr Hkwfe ij dkrdkj FksA cgl ds nkSjku fo}ku odhy oknhx.k dk dFku gS fd fookfnr Hkwfe tkxhj Hkwfe Fkh vkSj os tkxhjnkj ds dkrdkj FksA ;|fi bl izdkj dk vfHkopu okn i= esa ugh gSA oknhx.k dks ;g fl} djuk Fkkk fdl laor~ 2010 vFkok vf/kfu;e ds ykxw gksus ds le; laor~ 2012 esa fookfnr Hkwfe ij oknhx.k jkT; ljdkj ds vFkok rRdkyhu tkxhjnkj ds dkrdkj FksA ysfdu oknhx.k vius bl dFku dks fdlh fjdkMZ ls fl} ugh dj ik;s fd dkSuls tkxhjnkj us mUgs fookfnr Hkwfe dc dkr djus okn i= esa ugh gSA oknhx.k dks ;g fl} djuk Fkkk fdl laor~ 2010 vFkok vf/kfu;e ds ykxw gksus ds le; laor~ 2012 esa fookfnr Hkwfe ij oknhx.k jkT; ljdkj ds vFkok rRdkyhu tkxhjnkj ds dkrdkj FksA ysfdu oknhx.k vius bl dFku dks fdlh fjdkMZ ls fl} ugh dj ik;s fd dkSuls tkxhjnkj us mUgs fookfnr Hkwfe dc dkr djus ds fy, nh vFkok tkxhjnkj dks D;k os dksbZ yxku nsrs Fks ftldh dksbZ jlhn miyC/k gSA i=koyh esa miyC/k lk{;ksa ds voyksdu ls izdV gksrk gS fd ,slk dskbZ jktLo fjdkMZ ugh gS tks fookfnr Hkwfe dks tkxhjnkj }kjk oknhx.k dks dkr djus ds fy, fy;k tkuk lkfcr djrk rks ;k os fdlh Hkh :i ls fookfnr Hkwfe ij ,MfeMasV VsusUV ds :i esa jgs gksA dksbZ tekcUnh vFkok yxku jlhns Hkh izLrqr ugh dh xbZ gS ftlls fd oknhx.k ds okn dh iqf"V gksrh gksA tks [kljk fxjnkofj;ka o [kljk ifjorZukhy izLrqr gq, gS ,oa ftudk foLr`r foospu fopkj.k U;k;ky; us vius fu.kZ; eas fd;k gS mlls oknhx.k }kjk fookfnr Hkwfe ij dHkh dHkh vfrdzeh dh gSfl;r ls dkr dh xbZ ysfdu vfrdzeh dks fdlh rjg ls [kkrsnkjh vf/kdkj iznku ugh fd;s tk ldrsA ,MolZ itsku ds ft, tks vko;d vk/kkj jktdh; Hkwfe ij gksuss pkfg, fd 30 o"kZ rd fujUrj vckf/kr dCtk gks jgk gks og Hkh miyC/k fjdkMZ ls lkfcr ugh gqvkA bu rF;ksa dk foLr`r foospu fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk vius fu.kZ; esa fd;k x;k gS ysfdu v/khuLFk vihyh; U;k;ky; us fcuk vk/kkj ds oknhx.k dks mid`"kd eku fy;k o vf/kfu;e dh /kkjk 19 ds rgr [kkrsnkjh lkfcr gksuk ekurk gS rks nwljh rjQ ,MolZ itsku ds vk/kkj ij Hkh [kkrsnkjh gksuk ekurk gS tks fojks/kkHkk"kh gSA lkFk esa ;g Hkh fojks/kkHkk"k gS fd v/khuLFk U;k;ky; fookfnr Hkwfe esa ls tks Hkwfe vuqlwfpr tkfr ds yksxksa dk o"kZ 1973 esa vkofUVr dh] mlesa rks gLr{ksi djuk ugh pkgrs o ks"k Hkwfe ij oknhx.k dk bl fookfnr Hkwfe ij Hkh dksbZ gd gksrk gS rks og vo; feyuk pkfg,A ysfdu pwafd gd lkfcr ugh gksrkA v/khuLFk U;k;ky; us tkucw>dj bl gd dks rks vkoUVu ds vk/kkj ij NksM+ fn;k rks Lor% gh v/khuLFk vihyh; U;k;ky; ds fu"d"kksZ dks ,d nwljs ds fojks/khHkk"kh cukrk gSA blfy, v/khuLFk vihyh; U;k;ky; dk fu.kZ; fdlh Hkh vk/kkj ij dk;e j[kus ;ksX; u gksus ds dkj.k leFkZu ;ksX; ugh gSA ¼10½ ge fo}ku vfrfjDr jktdh; vf/koDrk ds bl rdZ ls Hkh lger us tkucw>dj bl gd dks rks vkoUVu ds vk/kkj ij NksM+ fn;k rks Lor% gh v/khuLFk vihyh; U;k;ky; ds fu"d"kksZ dks ,d nwljs ds fojks/khHkk"kh cukrk gSA blfy, v/khuLFk vihyh; U;k;ky; dk fu.kZ; fdlh Hkh vk/kkj ij dk;e j[kus ;ksX; u gksus ds dkj.k leFkZu ;ksX; ugh gSA ¼10½ ge fo}ku vfrfjDr jktdh; vf/koDrk ds bl rdZ ls Hkh lger gS fd okn i= esa ;g Hkh vLi"V gS fd fookfnr lkfcd [kljk uEcj 221@2 jdck 56 ch?kk 8 fcLok ds tks 22 gky [kljk uEcj cus gS muesa ls 19 ch?kk 1 fcLok jdck ij oknhx.k }kjk [kkrsnkjh pkgh xbZ gSA tcfd okn i= esa dkSuls [kljk uEcjksa dk dkSulk {ks=Qy gS ftldk dqy {ks= 19 ch?kk 1 fcLok curk gks mldh [kkrsnkjh pkgh xbZ gS ;g Li"V ugh gS ysfdu v/khuLFk vihyh; U;k;ky; us fofk"V [kljk uEcjksa ij fcuk vk/kkj o izek.k ds [kkrsnkjh nsus ds vknsk fn;s gS og vius vki esa nks"kiw.kZ gSA tcfd ;g vfookfnr gS fd lkfcd [kljk uEcj 221@2 ds u;s uEcjksa dh Hkwfe vuqlwfpr tkfr ds O;fDr;ksa dks dkQh le; iwoZ gh vkofUVr dj nh xbZ ftudk jktLo fjdkMZ esa vadu Hkh gks x;k gS vkSj vuqlwfpr tkfr fd O;fDr;ksa dks vkofUVr Hkwfe tks yEcs le; ls muds uke [kkrsnkjh esa pyh vk jgh gSa ml ij fdlh izdkj ds [kkrsnkjh vf/kdkj izfroknhx.k dks iznku ugh fd;s tk ldrsA bl n`f"V ls Hkh v/khuLFk vihyh; U;k;y; dk fu.kZ; =qfViw.kZ gSA fopkj.k U;k;ky; us jktLo fjdkMZ] lk{;ksa dh lgh foospuk dj tks fu"d"kZ fn;s gS os mfpr vkSj fof/k lEer gS tks dk;e j[kus ;ksX; gS v/khuLFk vihyh; U;k;ky; dk fu.kZ; fujLr ;ksX; gSA ¼11½ QyLo:i ;g vihy Lohdkj dh tkrh gSA v/khuLFk vihyh; U;k;ky; dk fu.kZ; ,oa fMdzh fnukad 3-3-97 fujLr fd;s tkrs gSA lgk;d dysDVj] pksewa dk fu.kZ; ,oa fMdzh fnukad 12-2-96 ;Fkkor j[ks tkrs gSA fu.kZ; [kqys U;k;ky; esa lquk;k x;kA