fla?ky] lnL;-&vihykFkhZ@izfroknhx.k dh vksj ls ;g vihy /kkjk 224 jktLFkku dkrdkjh vf/kfu;e 1955 ¼la{ksi eas vf/kfu;e½ ds v/khu jktLo vihy vf/kdkjh t;iqj }kjk ikfjr fu.kZ; o fMdzh fnukad 1-5-2001 ds fo:} izLrqr dh xbZ gS ftlds }kjk mUgksaus jsLiks@oknhx.k }kjk izLrqr dh xbZ vihy la- 21@2000 dks Lohdkj fd;k gSA ¼2½ la{ksi esa rF; bl izdkj gS fd jsLiks@oknhx.k dh vksj ls mi[k.M vf/kdkjh vkesj ds U;k;ky; eas /kkjk 88 o 53 vf/kfu;e] ds v/khu okn bu vk/kkjksa ij lafLFkr fd;k x;k fd os ,oa vihykFkhZ@izfroknhx.k HkkbZ Hkrhts gSA vkjkth [k-ua- 40] 152] 232] 309] 311 o 312 jdck 43 ch?kk 3 fcLok okds xzke ikryokl rglhy teokjkex<+ dks vihykFkhZ@oknhx.k ds firk@c{kk us Hkw izca/k foHkkx o Hkwfe ,dhdj.k foHkkx ds deZpkjh;ksa ls lkt dj vdsys vius uke ntZ djok fy;k tcfd os 1@3 Hkkx ij ,oa jsLiks@oknhx.k 1@3 Hkkx ij fujUrj dkfct gksdj dkr djrs pys vk jgs gSA okn esa vkxs dFku fd;k x;k fd oknxzLr Hkwfe dks iwoZ esa vihykFkhZ o jsLiks- ds iwoZt tSyk dkr djrs ,oa oknxzLr Hkwfe iSr`d lEifr gS] ftls ,dhdj.k foHkkx o lsVyesaV foHkkx dks fdlh O;fDr dh [kkrsnkjh esa ifjorZu djus o vdsys vihykFkhZ@izfroknhx.k ds uke vafdr djus dk vf/kdkj ugh gSa ,slh lwjr esa oknxzLr vkjkth ij mUgs [kkrsnkj ?kksf"kr fd;k tkdj muds fgLls dk caVokjk fd;s tkus gsrq fuosnu fd;k x;kA ftlds tokc eas vkjkth [k-ua- 309 dk vihykFkhZ@izfroknhx.k us Lo;a ds dCts dkr o [kkrsnkjh dk rUgk cryk;k ,oa mDr vkjkth d laca/k esa jsLiks@oknhx.k ds laca/k esa fujLr dj fn;k ,oa ks"k vkjkft;kr ds laca/k esa 2@3 fgLlk jsLiks@oknhx.k ,oa 1@3 fgLlk vihykFkhZ@izfroknhx.k dk ikrs gq, izkjfEHkd :i ls fMdzh dj fn;k ftlls O;fFkr gksdj jsLiks@oknhx.k dh vksj ls v/khuLFk U;k;ky; esa vihy izLrqr dh xbZ ftls v/khuLFk U;k;ky; us vihyk/khu fu.kZ; ls vkjkth [k-ua- 309 ds lEcU/k esa Hkh 2@3 fgLlk ikrs gq, Lohdkj dj yhA ftlls O;fFkr gksdj ;g vihykFkhZ@izfroknhx.k dh vksj ls izLrqr gqbZ gSA ¼4½ geus cgl nksuks ds fo}ku vfHkHkk"kdx.k dh lquh rFkk v/khuLFk U;k;ky; dh i=koyh ,oa vihyk/khu fu.kZ; dk voyksdu fd;kA ¼5½ vihykFkhZx.k ds fo}ku vfHkHkk"kd Jh fuMj dk rdZ gS fd vkjkth [k-ua- 309 dks v/khuLFk U;k;ky; }kjk iSr`d lEifr ik;s tkus esa dkuwuh =qfV dh gS D;ksafd jsLiks@oknhx.k dh vksj ls ,slh dksbZ izys[kh; lk{; izLrqr ugh dh xbZ gS ,oa ek= ekSf[kd lk{; ds vk/kkj ij mDr vkjkth dks iSr`d lEifr ugh ekuk tk ldrkA mudk ;g fd;kA ¼5½ vihykFkhZx.k ds fo}ku vfHkHkk"kd Jh fuMj dk rdZ gS fd vkjkth [k-ua- 309 dks v/khuLFk U;k;ky; }kjk iSr`d lEifr ik;s tkus esa dkuwuh =qfV dh gS D;ksafd jsLiks@oknhx.k dh vksj ls ,slh dksbZ izys[kh; lk{; izLrqr ugh dh xbZ gS ,oa ek= ekSf[kd lk{; ds vk/kkj ij mDr vkjkth dks iSr`d lEifr ugh ekuk tk ldrkA mudk ;g Hkh rdZ gS fd v/khuLFk U;k;ky; us mDr vkjkth ds lEcU/k esa vihyk/khu fu.kZ; bl izdkj ls ikfjr fd;k gS tSls iSr`d lEifr izekf.kr fd;s tkus dk Hkkj jsLiks@oknhx.k ij u gksdj viykFkhZ@izfroknhx.k ij gksA mUgksus vius rdksZ ds leFkZu esa guqekunkl cuke /kkiqM+h ¼1½] okfjlku eFkqjkyky o vU; cuke okfjlku x.kskyky o vU; ¼2½] jktksysjke cuke jkethyky ¼3½] ds fofufp; izLrqr fd;sA blds fojks/k esa jsLiks- ds fo}ku vfHkHkk"kd Jh kekZ us vihyk/khu fu.kZ; dk leFkZu djrs gq, rdZ fn;k fd vihykFkhZ@izfroknhx.k dh vksj ls oknxzLr lEifr dk iSr`d lEifr gksuk viuh tokcnsgh ,oa muds }kjk izLrqr fd;s x;s lk{khx.k ds dFkuksa esa Hkh Lohdkj fd;k x;k gSA ,slh lwjr esa tgka LohdkjksfDr fdlh rF; dh gks ogka mls fdlh izys[kh; lk{; ls izekf.kr fd;k tkuk vko;d ugh gSA mudk ;g Hkh rdZ gS fd vihykFkhZ@izfroknhx.k }kjk oknxzLr [k-ua- 309 dks cnzh ls dz; fd;k tkuk viuh lk{; esa cryk;k x;k gS exj u dksbZ fodz;ukek izLrqr fd;k x;k gS vkSj u gh ;g Li"V fd;k x;k gS fd dc [kjhnk ,oa mDr vkjkth dHkh cnzh dh [kkrsnkjh esa jgh FkhA ¼6½ geus nksuksa i{kksa ds rdksZ ij euu fd;kA gekjs le{k ek= fookn vkjkth [k-ua- 309 ds lEcU/k esa gS ,oa ;g ns[kk tkuk gS fd D;k vkjkth [k-ua- 309 iSr`d lEifr gS ftlesa vihykFkhZ@izfroknhx.k dk 1@3 fgLlk ,oa jsLiks@oknhx.k dk 2@3 fgLlk gSA ;gka ;g fookfnr ugh gS fd i{kdkjku ds iwoZt tSyk Fks ftuds rhu yMds ;ksukFk] X;kjlk o c{kk gq,A viykFkhZ@oknhx.k dk c{kk ds iq= o iqf=;k gksuk ,oa jsLiks@oknhx.k dk X;kjl ds iq= gksuk Hkh fookfnr ugh gSaA ;ksukFk dk ykoYnfoyk vkSjr Hkh QkSr gks tkuk Hkh fookfnr ugh gS ,oa ;g Hkh fookfnr ugh gS fd ;ksukFk us oknxzLr vkjkth esa vius 1@3 fgLls dh olh;r fnukad 6-2--1990 dks vius Hkrhts jsLiks@oknhx.k dk ,oa 1@3 fgLlk vihykFkhZ@izfroknhx.k dk ik;k x;k gSA ¼7½ vc izu mBrk gS fd D;k vkjkth [k-ua- 309 iSr`d lEifr gS ftlesa vihykFkhZ@izfroknhx.k dk 1@3 fgLlk ,oa jsLiks@oknhx.k dk 2@3 fgLlk gksrk gSA v/khuLFk U;k;ky; us ipkZ lsVyesaV ih 8 ugh gS fd ;ksukFk us oknxzLr vkjkth esa vius 1@3 fgLls dh olh;r fnukad 6-2--1990 dks vius Hkrhts jsLiks@oknhx.k dk ,oa 1@3 fgLlk vihykFkhZ@izfroknhx.k dk ik;k x;k gSA ¼7½ vc izu mBrk gS fd D;k vkjkth [k-ua- 309 iSr`d lEifr gS ftlesa vihykFkhZ@izfroknhx.k dk 1@3 fgLlk ,oa jsLiks@oknhx.k dk 2@3 fgLlk gksrk gSA v/khuLFk U;k;ky; us ipkZ lsVyesaV ih 8 tks lEor~ 2008 ls 2027 gS ds vk/kkj ij oknxzLr vkjkth esa jsLiks@oknhx.k ds uke 1@3 fgLlk ,oa vihykFkhZx.k ds firk c{kk o ;ksukFk dk 2@3 fgLlk ntZ gksuk ikrs gq, vihyk/khu fu.kZ; ikfjr fd;k gSA bl lEcU/k esa dksbZ fookn ugh gS fd vkjkth [k-ua- 309 tks iwoZ dk gS] ls u;s [kljk uEcjku 864] 865] 810] 809] 808 vkfn cus gS tSlk fd feyku {ks=Qy iznkZ ih 5 ls Hkh Li"V gksrk gSA vkjkth [k-ua- 309 ij lEor~ 2020 esa ,dhdj.k foHkkx }kjk c{kk tks vihykFkhZ@izfroknhx.k dk firk gS dk uke ntZ dj fn;k tkuk iznkZ ih 4 ls izrhr gksrk gSA jsLiks@oknhx.k ds 1@3 fgLls o ;ksukFk ds 1@3 fgLls dks fdl vk/kkj ij gVkdj vdsys vihykFkhZ@izfroknhx.k ds firk c{kk ds uke ,dhdj.k foHkkx us fd;k gS] ,slk dksbZ vknsk vFkok l{ke U;k;ky; dh fMdzh gksuk izrhr ugh gksrk vkSj u gh bl ckcr dksbZ mYys[k gh iznkZ ih 4 esa fd;k gqvk gSA rRipkr~ dh tekcfUn;ksa esa Hkh oknxzLr vkjkth ij c{kk dks gh crkSj [kkrsnkj nkkZ fn;k x;k gS D;ksfd ,dhdj.k foHkkx }kjk tfj;s iznkZ ih 4 mlesa vdsys dk uke vafdr dj fn;k x;k FkkA ;g fufoZokn gS fd ,dhdj.k foHkkx@cankscLr foHkkx dh iwoZ dh izfof"V;ksa dks nksgjk;s tkus dk vf/kdkj gS u fd ifjorZu fd;s tkus dk tc rd fd ifjorZu fd;s tkus ds lEcU/k eas l{ke U;k;ky;@vf/kdkjh dk vknsk u gksA ¼8½ ;gka ;g Hkh mYys[kuh; gS fd jsLiks@oknhx.k dh vksj ls vius okn&i= ds iSjk ua- 3 esa oknxzLr Hkwfe ij Hkw izca/k foHkkx o Hkwfe ,dhdj.k foHkkx ds deZpkfj;ksa ls lkt dj vdsys vihykFkhZ@izfroknhx.k ds firk c{kk }kjk vius uke ntZ djok fy;k tkuk tcfd jsLiks@oknhx.k dk 1@3 Hkkx ij ,oa vihykFkhZ@izfroknh c{kk dk 1@3 Hkkx ij fujUrj dkfct pyk vk jgk gksuk izdV fd;k x;k gS ftldk vihykFkhZ@izfroknhx.k ds firk c{kk us vius tokc esa Hkw izca/k foHkkx o Hkwfe ,dhdj.k foHkkx ds deZpkfj;ksa ls lkt fd;s tkus ls bUdkjh djrs gq, ;ksukFk cM+s HkkbZ dk ekStwn gksuk crykrs gq, tkfgj fd;k gS fd mUgksaus fdl dkj.k ifjokj dh ,oa vihykFkhZ@izfroknh c{kk dk 1@3 Hkkx ij fujUrj dkfct pyk vk jgk gksuk izdV fd;k x;k gS ftldk vihykFkhZ@izfroknhx.k ds firk c{kk us vius tokc esa Hkw izca/k foHkkx o Hkwfe ,dhdj.k foHkkx ds deZpkfj;ksa ls lkt fd;s tkus ls bUdkjh djrs gq, ;ksukFk cM+s HkkbZ dk ekStwn gksuk crykrs gq, tkfgj fd;k gS fd mUgksaus fdl dkj.k ifjokj dh la;qDr [kkrsnkjh dh Hkwfe dks dsoy ek= c{kk ds uke vafdr djok;k ftldk gesa irk ugh gS ojuk i{kdkj ds la;qDr ifjokj dh Hkw izca/k ds iwoZ esa 35 ch?kk 12 fcLok Hkwfe Fkh mlesa Lo- X;kjlk] ;ksukFk o c{kk dk 1@3 fgLlk Fkk vkSj vc Hkh gSA blh izdkj okn&i= dh en ua- 6 esa jsLiks@oknhx.k oknxzLr Hkwfe ij fujUrj dkfct pys vk jgk gksuk crykrs gq, mDr Hkwfe dh pkg [k-ua- 139] 227] 35 o 149 ls flafpr fd;k tkuk cryk;k tks vihykFkhZ@izfroknhx.k dks c{kk us vius tokc esa Lohdkj fd;k gSA bl izdkj ;g LohdkjksfDr ,Mfeku dh rkjhQ esa vkrh gS ftls drbZ utjvUnkt ugh fd;k tk ldrkA ,slh lwjr esa vU; dksbZ izys[kh; lk{; jsLiks@oknhx.k }kjk izLrqr fd;s tkus dh vko;drk ugh jg tkrhA ge vihykFkhZ ds fo}ku vfHkHkk"kd }kjk izLrqr fd;s x;s fofu;pksa ls iw.kZr;k lger gSa exj mDr fofup; orZeku izdj.k ds mijksDr rF;ksa ls fHkUu gksus ds dkj.k pLik ugh gksrsA ;gka ;g Hkh mYys[;uh; gS fd vihykFkhZ@izfroknh eksrh tks c{kk dk yM+dk gS] us vius lkiFk dFkuksaa esa vkjkth [k-ua- 309 dk ckg~.kksa ls [kjhn fd;k tkuk cryk;k gS tcfd ftjg esa bldh jftLVªh ugh gksuk ,oa mlds firk }kjk mls ,slk cryk;k tkuk tkfgj fd;k gSA blh izdkj vihykFkhZ@izfroknh jkedj.k Mh- MCY;w- 2 tks c{kk dk yM+dk gS] us vkjkth [k-ua- 309 dks cnzh ckg~.k ls [kjhn fd;k tkuk cryk;k gS exj ftjg esa Li"V fd;k gS fd mlds firk us dc [kjhn dh mls irk ugh vkSj jftLVªh dk Hkh irk ugh ,oa mDr tehu [kjhnh rc oks iSnk ugh gqvk Fkk] bl izdkj lk{kh dk dFku vk/kkjghu ,oa vfoolhu; gSA ¼9½ mijksDr foospu ds vk/kkj ij ge bl fu"d"kZ ij igqaprs gS fd oknxzLr vkjkth [k-ua- 309 eas jsLiks@oknhx.k ,oa vihykFkhZ@izfroknhx.k dk firk c{kk ,oa ;ksukFk la;qDr [kkrsnkj Fks ftleas 2@3 fgLlk c{kk o ;ksukFk dk cfgLlk cjkcj ,oa 1@3 fgLlk jsLiks@oknhx.k dk Fkk tSlk fd iznkZ ih 8 ls Hkh Li"V gksrk gSA exj Hkwfe ,dhdj.k foHkkx@cankscLr foHkkx }kjk ;ksukFk ,oa jsLiks@oknhx.k ds uke gVkdj vihykFkhZ@izfroknhx.k ds firk ij igqaprs gS fd oknxzLr vkjkth [k-ua- 309 eas jsLiks@oknhx.k ,oa vihykFkhZ@izfroknhx.k dk firk c{kk ,oa ;ksukFk la;qDr [kkrsnkj Fks ftleas 2@3 fgLlk c{kk o ;ksukFk dk cfgLlk cjkcj ,oa 1@3 fgLlk jsLiks@oknhx.k dk Fkk tSlk fd iznkZ ih 8 ls Hkh Li"V gksrk gSA exj Hkwfe ,dhdj.k foHkkx@cankscLr foHkkx }kjk ;ksukFk ,oa jsLiks@oknhx.k ds uke gVkdj vihykFkhZ@izfroknhx.k ds firk c{kk dks gh vdsys ntZ dj fn;k tSlk fd iznkZ ih 4 ls izrhr gksrk gS ,oa mDr izfof"V;ka Hkwfe ,dhdj.k foHkkx }kjk {ks=kf/kdkj ls ckgj tkdj dh xbZ D;ksfd ,slk mUgs dksbZ vf/kdkj ugh FkkA vf/kuLFk U;k;ky; }kjk vihyk/khu fu.kZ; ikfjr fd;s tkus esa dksbZ fof/kd ;k izfdz;kRed =qfV dh xbZ gks] ,slk izrhr ugh gksrkA vr% vihy vihykFkhZ fujLr fd;s tkus ;ksX; gSA ¼10½ ifj.kker% vihy vihykFkhZ fujLr dh tkrh gSA fu.kZ; fy[kok;k tkdj [kqys U;k;ky; esa lquk;k x;kA