vkns’k 1- dysDVj] ljxqtk ds }kjk izdj.k dz- 1838@vkj&2@90@f’k-@01 esa fnukad 7-2-03 ds fo#) cStwjke vk- jkeI;kjs ikloku dh vksj ls fo}ku vf/koDrk Jh Mh-,u- iztkifr ds }kjk ;g jktLo vihy] varxZr /kkjk 44] Hkw&jktLo lafgrk] 1959 ds v/khu izLrqr dh xbZ gSA iz’uk/khu vkns’k dk;kZy; dysDVj] ljxqtk ¼f’kdk;r ‘kk[kk½] vafcdkiqj ds }kjk fnukad 7-2-2003 dks tkjh fd;k x;k gSA ;g vkns’k] rglhynkj vafcdkiqj ds jktLo izdj.k dz- 3916 esa fnukad 3-9-1996 dks tkjh tkfr izek.k&i= ls lacaf/kr gS] ftlesa i{kdkj Jh cStwjke vk- jkeI;kjs ikloku] xzke njhZikjk] rglhy vafcdkiqj] ftyk ljxqtk dks tkfr ek>h ¼vuqlwfpr tutkfr½ ?kksf”kr dj tkfr izek.k&i= tkjh fd;k x;k Fkk] dks voS/k gksus ls fujLr fd;k x;k gSA 2- fo}ku vf/koDrk us ;g jktLo vihy varxZr /kkjk 44] Hkw&jktLo lafgrk 1959 ds rgr fd; gSA vkhi ds rF; ,oa vihy ds vk/kkj dks euu djus ds i’pkr~ ;g rF; izdV gksrk gS fd ;g vihy Hkw&jktLo lafgkr ds fdl izko/kku ds rgr ykxw gksrh gS bldk dgha Hkh mYys[k ugha gS] ;k ;g vkns’k fdl dkuwu ;k fdu izfdz;kvksa ds rgr tkjh fd;k x;k gS] dgha Hkh mYys[k ugha fd;k x;k gSA 3- fo}ku vf/koDrk ds rdZ lqus x;sA dk;kZy; dysDVj] ljxqtk ¼f’kdk;r ‘kk[kk½] vafcdkiqj dk vkns’k Hkw&jktLo lafgrk dh /kkjk 4 ds rgr fdl izdkj dkuwuh :i ls vkd`”V gksrk gS bl laca/k esa fo}ku vf/koDrk ls iz’u iwNk x;kA muds }kjk ;g rdZ fn;k x;k fd rglhynkj }kjk ;g izdj.k jktLo izdj.k ds :i esa ntZ dj vkns’k ikfjr fd;k x;k gS rFkk dk;kZy; dysDVj] ljxqtk ¼f’kdk;r ‘kk[kk½ }kjk Hkh vius vkns’k esa bl laca/k eas mYys[k fd;k x;k gS ,oa mlh vk/kkj ysrs gq, ;g fujLr fd;k x;k gS] blfy, ;g izdj.k /kkjk 44 ds varxZr vihy ;ksX; curk gSA 4- Hkw&jktLo lafgrk dh /kkjk 44 bl izdkj gS% & vihy rFkk vihyh; vf/kdkj & tgka vU;Fkk micaf/kr fd;k x;k gS] mlds vfrfjDr bl lafgrk vFkok blds v/khu cuk;s x;s fu;e ds v/khu cuk;s x;s fu;e ds v/khu izR;sd ewy vkns’k dh vihy gks ldsxhA** tgka rd /kkjk 44 dk laca/k gS] ;g Li”V gS fd bl lafgr vFkok blds v/khu cuk;s x;s fu;e ds izR;sd ewy vkns’k dh vihy gks ldsxhA fo}ku vf/koDrk rdZ ds el; ;g Li”V ugha dj ik;s fd ;g /kkjk muds }kjk izLrqr fd;s x;s vihy esa fdl izdkj ykxw gksrh gSA lkFk gh dysDVj }kjk ikfjr vkns’k Hkw&jktLo lafgrk ds v/khu gS ;k vU; dksbZ fu;eksa] tks fd lafgrk ds v/khu cuk;s x;s gksa] ds varxZr ikfjr gqvk gS ;g Hkh crykus esa rFkk Li”V djus esa vleFkZ jgsA fo}ku vf/koDrk dk rdZ ;g Fkk fd ;g izdj.k jktLo vf/kdkfj;ksa }kjk jktLo izdj.k ds :i esa ntZ ,oa fuf.kZr gksus ds dkj.k jktLo izdj.k ekuk tk;sA jktLo izdj.k dh ifjHkk”kk fuEukuqlkj gS %& “ As far as Chhattisgarh is concerned a Revenue Case was not a case dealing with Government or state Revenue, but a Revenue Case was a case where an officer functioning under the Land Revenue Code, and may be other laws, gave a certain decision after entertaining certain proceeding. What constituted a Revenue Case was the decision by a Revenue Officer functioning under the Land Revenue Code.” mDr ifjHkk”kk ds voyksdu ls ;g Li”V gS fd ;g izdj.k mDr ifjHkk”kk dh ifjf/k esa ugha vkrk gS] vr% bls jktLo izfdz;k ugha ekuk tk ldrkA 5- dysDVj] ljxqtk }kjk tks vkns’k fnukad 7-2-2003 dks ikfjr fd;k x;k gS] ;g ,d vkns’k gSA dk;kZy; dysDVj] ljxqtk ¼f’kdk;r ‘kk[kk½ }kjk ikfjr vkns’k ds voyksdu ls ;g Li”V gS fd ;g ,d dk;Zikfyd vkns’k gSA ;g vkns’k U;k;ky;hu vkns’k ugha gSA bl laca/k esa lafgrk dh /kkjk 31] ftlesa eaMy rFkk jktLo vf/kdkfj;ksa ds U;k;ky;ksa dh izkfLFkfr ds ckjs esa oLrqfLFkfr Li”V dh xbZ gS] bl izdkj gS % & eaMy rFkk jktLo vf/kdkfj;ksa dks U;k;ky;ksa dh izkfLFkfr dk iznk; fd;k tkuk & **eaMy ;k jktLo vf/kdkjh tcfd og jkT; ljdkj ;k fdlh O;fDr ds chp ;k fdagh dk;Zokfg;ksa ds i{kdkjksa ds chp vo/kkj.k ds fy;s mn~Hkwr gksus okys fdlh iz’u dh tkap djus ;k mls fofuf’pr djus ds fy;s bl lafgrk ;k rRle; izoRr fdlh vU; vf/kfu;fefr ds v/khu ‘kfDr dk iz;ksx dj jgk gks] jktLo U;k;ky; gksxkA** bl /kkjk dh fVIi.kh&1 es ;g Li”V fd;k x;k gS fd jktLo eaMy dk yhxy LVsVl dsoy U;k;ky; dk gsA jktLo vf/kdkfj;ksa ds iz’kklfud dk;ksZa ij jktLo eaMy dks ‘kfDr izkIr ugha gSA og dsoy U;kf;d ekeyksa dk vihyh; ,oa iqujh{k.k U;k;ky; gS] D;ksafd jktLo vf/kdkfj;ksa dks nksgjh Hkwfedk fuHkkuh iM+rh gSA ,d vksj os jkT; ljdkj dh iz’kklfud ,tsUlh gksrs gS] nwljh vksj os jktLo U;k;ky; dh Hkkafr ekeys Hkw&jktLo lafgrk] jktLo iqLrd ifji= rFkk vU; vf/kfu;eksa ds inu ;k ukefufnZ”V O;fDr ds :i esa ekeys] ewy fopkj.k] vihy] iqujh{k.k] iqufoZyksdu laca/kh fuiVkrs gSA jktLo cksMZ dh {kerk;sa dsoy U;k;ky;hu Lo:i dh gS] og jktLo vf/kdkjhx.k dh iz’kklfud dM+h ls tqM+h ugha gSA ¼dSyk’k ukjk;.k fo#) e-iz- jkT; 1972 jk-fu- 138 % gksYdj fo#) e-iz- jkT; 1973 jk-fu- 589½A 6- mijksDr foospuk ls ;g Li”V gS fd dk;kZy; dysDVj] ljxqtk }kjk tkjh vkns’k jktLo U;k;ky; ds vkns’k dks ifjf/k esa ugha vkrk gSA ;g ,d dk;Zikfyd vkns’k gh gks ldrk gSA ‘kCndks”k esa vkns’k dks fuEukuqlkj ifjHkkf”kr fd;k x;k gS%& “ The term ‘order’ is general and is comprehensive enough to include all kinds of orders including formal order.” (State of U.P. Vs. Mahendra Pratap Pitammah A.I.R. 1956 All 585, 586). Mahendra Pratap Pitammah A.I.R. 1956 All 585, 586). “Order is applied in general to everything that is disposed.” ‘kCndks”k dh mijksDr ifjHkk”kk dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, iz’u ;g mBrk gS fd dk;kZy; dysDVj] ljxqtk ¼f’kdk;r ‘kk[kk½ }kjk ikfjr vkns’k D;k U;k;ky;hu vkns’k gS\ bl laca/k esa ‘kCndks”k eas U;k;ky;hu vkns’k dks fuEu izdkj ifjHkkf”kr fd;k x;k gS % & “ (1) An direction in writing, granted by a court or judge requiring or authorizing some act to be done. (2) A direction of a court or judge made as prescribed by law in action or special proceeding. unless it is contained in a judgment is an order” iz’uk/khu vkns’k dk ifj’khyu djus ls ;g Li”V gS fd ;g U;k;ky;hu vkns’k dh ifjHkk”kk ds v/khu vkrk gS] blfy;s bls U;k;ky;hu vkns’k ekuus dk dksbZ vkSfpR; izrhr ugha gksrk gSA 7- fo}ku vf/koDrk ds rdZ ls ;g iz’u Hkh mn~Hkwr gksrk gS fd dysDVj] ljxqtk ¼f’kdk;r ‘kk[kk½ ds }kjk ikfjr vkns’k fnukad 7-2-2003 D;k dksVZ ds }kjk vkns’k ikfjr fd;k x;k ekuk tk,xk vFkok ughaA bl laca/k esa foLr`r :i ls euu fd;k x;kA dksVZ dks fuEukuqlkj ifjHkkf”kr fd;k x;k gS % & “ Court is a body in the government to which the public administration of justice is delegated. an organised body. with defined powers. meeting at certain times. and places. for the hearing and decision of cases and other matter brought before it. and aided in this its proper business. an organised body. with defined powers. meeting at certain times. and places. for the hearing and decision of cases and other matter brought before it. and aided in this its proper business. by its proper officers.” mijksDr ls rdZ ds le; ;g Li”V djus dgk x;k fd D;k iz’uk/khu izdj.k dh lquokbZ dh ‘kfDr;ka jktLo eaMy esa fufgr gS\ muds }kjk dksbZ Li”V tokc ugha fn;k tk ldrk vkSj u gh dksbZ dkuwuh m)j.k ;k iwoZ esa cksMZ }kjk izdj.k bl izdkj ds dksbZ izdj.k esa fofu’p; fd;k x;k gks] crykus esa vleFkZ jgsA Hkw&jktLo lafgrk dh /kkjk 7] ftlesa eaMy dh vf/kdkfjrk dh O;k[;k dh xbZ gS] og fuEukuqlkj gS % & eaMy dh vf/kdkfjrk & **eaMy ,slh ‘kfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx djsxk tks bl lafgrk }kjk ;k bl lafgrk ds v/khu mls iznRr dh xbZ gS rFkk ,sls d`R;ksa dk fuoZgu djsxk tks bl lafgrk }kjk ;k bl lafgrk ds v/khu mls iznRr fd;s x;s gS vkSj og jkT; ljdkj ds ,sls d`R;ksa dk fuoZgu djsxk ftUgsa jkT; ljdkj ds ,sls d`R;ksa dk fuoZgu djsxk ftUgsa jkT; ljdkj] vf/kdkj] vf/klwpuk }kjk] ml laca/k esa fofufnZ”V djs rFkk og ,sls vU; d`R;ksa dk fuoZgu djsxk tks fdlh dsUnzh; vf/kfu;e ;k fdlh jkT; vf/kfu;e }kjk ;k muds v/khu eq[; jktLo izkf/kdkjh ;k eq[; fu;a=d jktLo izkf/kdkjh dks iznRr fd;s x;s gksa] ;k iznRr fd;s tk;sA** eaMy dh vf/kdkfjrk ds ckjs esa n’kkZ;s x;s izko/kku ds ckjs esa fo}ku vf/koDrk dksbZ ,sls rdZ] nLRkkost] vf/klwpuk ;k vU; dkuwuh izko/kku crykus esa iw.kZr% vlQy jgs ftlls fd ;g fofuf’p; fd;k tk lds fd iz’uk/khu izdj.k esa eaMy dks lquokbZ djus dk vf/kdkj izkIr gksA 9- fo}ku vf/koDrk ds }kjk ,-vkbZ-vkj- lqizhe dksVZ 95 & Civil Appeal No. 5854 of 1994 (arising out of S.L.P. (civil) No. 14767 of 1993) izLrr fd;k x;kA fo}ku vf/koDrk }kjk izLrqr m)j.k dk euu fd;k x;kA mdr izdj.k ds rF; ,oa ifjfLFkfr;ksa iz’uk/khu izdj.k ls fHkUu gS] blfy;s ykxw ugha gksrk gSA 10- mijksDr fo’ys”k.k ds vk/kkj ij ,oa Hkw&jktLo lafgrk ds izko/kkuksa dks ns[krs gq, ;g Li”V gS fd dk;kZy; dysDVj] ljxqtk ¼f’kdk;r ‘kk[kk½ ds }kjk ikfjr vkns’k fnukad 7-2-2003] Hkw&jktLo lafgrk ds varxZr vkns’k ugha gS vkSj u gh Hkw&jktLo lafgrk esa bl laca/k esa dksbZ izko/kku fd;k x;k gSA iz’uk/khu vkns’k dk;Zikfyd vkns’k ds Lo:i dk gksus ds dkj.k dsoy jktLo izdj.k ds :i esa ntZ fd;s tkus ls vkns’k dks jktlo U;k;ky; dk vkns’k ugha ekuk tk ldrk] tc rd fd fof/kd :i ls Hkw&jktLo lafgrk esa Li”V izko/kku u fd;k x;k gksA i{kdkj dks dkuwu mipkj rHkh feyuk laHko gksxk tc bl laca/k esa dkuwuh izko/kku esa O;oLFkk j[kh xbZ gksA mijksDr rF; ,oa fo’ys”k.k ds vk/kkj ij izLrqr vihy Hkw&jktLo lafgrk ;k mlds v/khu cuk;s x;s fu;eksa dh ifjf/k esa ugha gksus ds dkj.k vxzkg~; ,oa fujLr fd;k tkrk gSA tgka rd izdj.k esa LFkxu vkosnu&i= dk laca/k gS] mijksDr foospuk ls LFkxu dk dksbZ vkSfpR; ugha gksus ds dkj.k og Hkh fujLr fd;k tkrk gSA iqujkosnu fujLr