Jheky] lnL;& ;g fuxjkuh jktLFkku dkrdkjh vf/kfu;e] 1955 ¼ftls rRipkr~ la{ksi esaa ^vf/kfu;e 1955^ dgk tkosxk½ dh /kkjk 230 ds vUrxZr lgk;d dysDVj] jkorHkkVk d vknsk fnukad 8-2-2002 ds fo:} izLrqr dh xbZ gSA 2- la{ksi esa izdj.k ds rF; bl izkdj gS fd izkFkhZx.k@oknhx.k us ,d jktLo okn vf/kfu;e 1955 dh /kkjk 88] 188 ds vUrxZr vizkFkhZx.k@izfroknhx.k ds fo:} lgk;d dysDVj jkorHkkVk ds U;k;ky; esa bl mn~ns; dks isk fd;k fd izkFkhZx.k us 1974 esa 10 ch?kk tehu dz; dh ftldk ,d bdjkjukek oknhx.k ds i{k esa lu~ 1974 esa cgh fy[kk x;k ftlesa ;g krZ r; dh xbZ dh oknhx.k tc Hkh dgasxs izfroknhx.k fookfnr vkjkth;kr dk fodz; i= oknhx.k ds i{k esa iath;u djk nsaxs ijUrq izfroknhx.k fookfnr vkjkth;kr ij oknhx.k dk dCtk dkr pyk vk jgk gSA vr% fookfnr vkjkth;kr dk oknhx.k dks [kkrsnkj ?kksf"kr fd;k tkosa o jktLo jsdkMZ esa mlh ds vuqlkj vadu fd;k tkos o izfroknhx.k dks LFkkbZ fu"ks/kkKk ls ikcUn djk;k tkosa fd os fookfnr vkjkth;kr esa dCts o dkr esa oknhx.k dks [kyy o n[ky u igqapk;sA okn ds ifj{k.k ds nkSjku fnukad 13-4-2001 dks izfroknhx.k us ,d izkFkZuk i= vUrxZr /kkjk 17 jftLVªhdj.k vf/kfu;e] 1908 ,oa /kkjk 151 flfoy izfdz;k lafgrk isk dj fuosnu fd;k fd izdj.k esa oknhx.k dh kgknr py jgh gS rFkk oknhx.k izdj.k esa ,d cspkuukek dks iznkZ djokuk pgrs gSA mdr cspkuukek 100 :i;s ls vf/kd dk gksus ds dkj.k bl jftLVªsku vko;d gS rFkk mDr nLrkost jftLVMZ ugh gksus ds dkj.k lk{; esa xzkg~; ugh gS rFkk iznkZ ugh djk;k tk ldrkA vr% mDr nLrkost dk iznkZ ugh djkus dk vknsk iznku fd;k tkosA i{kdkjksa dks lquus ds ipkr~ fopkj.k U;k;ky; us muds vknsk fnukad 8-2-2002 }kjk izfroknhx.k dk izkFkZuk i= Lohdkj dj fy;kA mDr vknsk ls O;fFkr gksdj izkFkhZx.k@oknhx.k us izuxr fuxjkuh jktLo e.My jktLFkku vtesj ds le{k izLrqr dhA 3- i{kdkjksa ds fo}ku vf/koDrkx.k dks lquk x;kA 4- izkFkhZx.k ds fo}ku vf/koDrk dk eq[; dFku gS fd os izuxr nLrkost dks dsoy ek= blfy, iznkZ djokuk pkgrs gS rkfd ;g fl} gks lds dh mudk fookfnr vkjkth ij fnukad 27-7-74 ls dCtk gSA 5- vizkFkhZx.k la[;k 1 o 3@izfroknhx.k ds fo}ku vf/koDrk dk eq[; rdZ gS fd cspkuukek fnukad 27-7-74 viathd`r nLrkost] cspkuukek 100 :i;s ls vf/kd dk gSA mDr nLrkost iathd`r u gksus ls lk{; esa xzkg~; ugh gS rFkk vius dFku ds leFkZu esa mUgksus 1998¼2½ Mh,uts ¼jkt½ 418 U;kf;d n`"Vkar dk lgkjk fy;kA bl dkj.k ml ij iznkZ u Mkydj v/khuLFk U;k;ky; us dksbZ fof/kd =`fV ugh dhA izkFkhZx.k dh fuxjkuh fujLr dh tkosaA 6- jkT; ljdkj dh vksj ls mifLFkr gksus okys mi jktdh; vfHkHkk"kd dk dFku gS fd jkT; ljdkj ,d izuxr fuxjkuh esa ,d vkSipkfjd i{kdkj gS rFkk jkT; ljdkj ds fo:} dksbZ vuqrks"k pkgk ugh x;k gSA 7- eSus i{kdkjksa ds fo}ku vf/koDrk dh cgl ij euu fd;k rFkk v/khuLFk U;k;ky; dh i=koyh dk voyksdu fd;kA 8- jftLVªhdj.k vf/kfu;e] 1908 ds /kkjk 49¼x½ bl izdkj gS%& ^^49- ftu nLrkostksa dk jftLVªhdj.k visf{kr gS muds vjftLVªhdj.k dk ifj.kke dksbZ Hkh nLrkost tks /kkjk 17 }kjk ;k lEifr vUrj.k vf/kfu;e] 1882 ds fdlh Hkh micU/k }kjk jftLVªhd`r fd;s tkus ds fy, visf{kr gS tc rd fd mldk jftLVªhdj.k u gks x;k gks] ¼d½ -------- ¼[k½ ------- ¼x½ ,slh lEifr ij izHkko Mkyus okys ;k ,slh kfDr iznr djus okys fdlh Hkh laO;ogkj ds lk{; ds :i esa ugh yh tk,xh% ijUrq LFkkoj lEifr im izHkko Mkyus okyh vkSj bl vf/kfu;e ;k lEifr vUrj.k vf/kfu;e]l 1882 }kjk jftLVªhd`r fd;s tkus ds fy, visf{kr vjftLVªhd`r nLrkost LisflfQd fjyht ,DV] 1877 ds v/;k; 2 ds v/khu fofufnZ"V ikyu ds ckn esa lafonk ds lk{; ds rkSj ij ;k lEifr vUrj.k vf/kfu;e 1882 dh /kkjk 553 d ds iz;kstuksa ds fy, lafonk ds Hkkfxd ikyu ds lk{; ds rkSj ij ;k fdlh ,sls lkaikfod laO;ogkj ds lk{; ds rkSj ij] tks jftLVªhd`r fy[kr }kjk fd;s tkus ds fy, visf{kr u gks] yh tk ldsxhA^^ 9- ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; us lrhkpUn e[ku cuke xkso/kZu nkl O;kl ,vkbZvkj 1984 ,llh 143 ij ;g vfHkfu/kkZfjr fd;k gS fd %& "The learned senior counsel Mr. Veerbhadraiah submits that it can be used for collateral purpose to establish the nature of the possession and consequential status of the person in possession of the property can be determined. In this case, the respondent asserted that the property belonged to him and that he was in possesison of the property as owner. On the other hand, the petitioner contended that the property was leased out to respondent. In such a situation, the status of the parties existence of lease apart from terms and conditions of lease form basic and integral transactions. Under those circumstances, could be said that the relationship could be decided as collateral issue? bl izdkj jftLVªhdj.k vf/kfu;e] 1908 dh /kkjk 49 ds rgr~ dCtk rFkk dCts dh izd`fr dks ns[kus ds fy, viathd`r nLrkost ns[kk tk ldrk gSA fodz; i= dh krsZ D;k gS] izkFkfed laO;ogkj gS tcfd dCtk ;k dCts dh izd`fr lkaikfod laO;ogkj gSA 10- cksUnjflag o vU; cuke fugkyflag o vU; 2003¼4½ ,llhlh 161 ds iSjk 5 esa ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; us dgk gS fd %& "Under the law a sale deed is required to be properly stamped and registered before it can convey title to the vendee. However, legal position is clear that a document like the sale deed in the present case, even though not admissible in evidence, can be looked into for collateral purpose. In the present case the collateral purpose to be seen is the nature of possession of the plaintiff over the suit land. The sale deed in question at least shows that initial possesion of the plaintiffs over the suit land was not illegal or unauthorised". In the present case the collateral purpose to be seen is the nature of possession of the plaintiff over the suit land. The sale deed in question at least shows that initial possesion of the plaintiffs over the suit land was not illegal or unauthorised". mijksDr fu.kZ;ksa ds ifjizs{; esa ;g le>rk gWwa fd lkaikfod laO;ogkj (Collateral purpose) ds fy, cspkuukek ns[kk tk ldrk gSA vizkFkhZx.k }kjk izLrqr Jherh nsoh cuke cuokjhyky 1998¼2½ Mh,uts ¼jkt½ 418 ds rF; izuxr izdj.k ds rF;ksa ls fHkUu gksus ds dkj.k ykxw ugh gksrs D;ksafd og izdj.k vLFkkbZ fu"ks/kkKk ds lEcU/k esa gS ijUrq izuxr izdj.k esa eq[; fcUnq ;g gS fd viathd`r nLrkost lkaikfod laO;ogkj ds fy, iznkZ djk;k tk ldrk gS vFkok ugh\ 11- eSa ;gkWa ;g mYys[k djuk vko;d le>rk gWwwa fd orZeku fuxjkuh dsoy viathd`r nLrkost dks iznkZ djk;s tkus ds laca/k esa izLrqr dh xbZ gSA vr% izkFkhZ }kjk bl nLrkost dks fdl mn~ns; ls izLrqr fd;k x;k gS ,oa mls vf/kdkj@vuqrks"k izkIr gksaxs vFkok ugh bldk fofufp;u bl Lrj ij fd;k tkuk mfpr ugh gksxkA mPpre U;k;ky; ds mi;qDr fu.kZ;kssa esa tks fl}kUr izfrikfnr fd;k x;k mu fu.kZ;ksa ds ifjizs{; esa esjh n`f"V ls lkaikfod laO;ogkj ds fy, cspkuukek dCts ds laca/k esa ns[kk tk ldrk gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa bls iznkZ eas ugh fd;k tkuk fof/kd fLFkfr ds vuq:i ugh ekuk tk ldrkA 12- mijksDr ds ifjisz{; esa fopkj.k U;k;ky; us cspkuukek fnukad 27-7-74 dks iznkZ u dj vf/kdkjhrk lacaf/kr =qfV dh gSA vr% izuxr vknsk fnukad 8-2-2002 vi[kf.Mr fd;k tkrk gS rFkk fuxjkuh Lohdkj dh tkrh gSA 13- fu.kZ; [kqys U;k;ky; esa lquk;k x;kA