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Rajasthan High Court · body

2005 DIGILAW 3133 (RAJ)

Rishabdeo Tex Print Pvt. Ltd. v. Chairman, Rajasthan Financial Corporation

2005-11-24

R.P.VYAS, RAJESH BALIA

body2005
Honble BALIA, J.–This writ petition is filed by the purchaser of the assets of certain Industrial Unit M/s. J.M. Spin Tex Print Pvt. Ltd., situated in Mandia Road, Industrial Area, Pali, at auction held by Rajasthan Financial Corporation, in exercise of its powers conferred under Section 29 of the State Financial Corporation Act, 1951. Transfer of the assets of unit M/s. J.M.S.P. Limited, was as a result of it being defaulter in payment of principal and interest of the loan borrowed from the Rajasthan Financial Corporation (hereinafter in short RFC). The auction took place in pursuance of advertisement issued on 3.5.2003 and the highest bid made by the petitioner was accepted by the respondents corporation on 28th of June 2003. (2). The conveyance deed was executed on 21.8.2003 and registered on 25th of August 2003. The transfer was made subject to clearance of the liabilities payable to the RIICO which were under taken by the buyer. But no other liabilities of previous owner were disclosed or under taken by the petitioner buyer. (3). It is further averred by the petitioner that it came to know about dues of predecessor owner were of Central Excise Department and that out-standing amount due to non payment of excise duty of Rs. 16,73,410/- when demand/recovery notices dated 8.6.2004 and 24.6.2004 were issued to the petitioner as buyer of the unit, previously owned by M/s. J.M.S.P. Ltd. It was contended by the petitioner before the Excise Department that it being the purchaser from the RFC under Section 29 of the Act and, so all encumbrances and it is not liable for payment of its predecessor- in interest. However, same was not responded to and again demand notices were issued on 3.7.04, 30th September 2004 and 1.10.2004, which were duly replied by the petitioner. (4). After serving of the notice for demand of justice to respondents and for staying recovery proceedings against it, which was refused by the respondents by the letter dated 1.10.04, this petition has been preferred seeking mandamus that the proceedings of recovery undertaken by the respondents vide notice dated 1.10.2004 be decided illegal and be quashed and the respondents be restrained from taking proceedings for attachment of property purchased by the petitioner in the auction pursuant to advertisement dated 3.5.2003. It was further prayed that other demand notices be also quashed. (5). It was further prayed that other demand notices be also quashed. (5). In this connection the petitioners contention is that when the petitioner acquired the assets of M/s. J.M.S.P. Ltd. in an auction conducted by RFC under Section 29 of the S.F.C. Act, 1951 no provision which could made the buyer of under taking or assets sold liable for the dues against previous owner. (6). The respondent, Union of India, has placed reliance on proviso to Section 11-A of the Central Excise Act, 1944 to sustain demand made by it against successor in interest of the assets of unit, earlier known as JMS Pvt. Limited and contended that in view of the aforesaid statutory provision where the person (hereinafter called predecessor) from whom the duty or any other sums of any kind, as specified in Section 11-A, is recoverable or due, transferor otherwise disposes of his business or trade in whole or in part, or effects any change in the ownership thereof, in consequence of which he is succeeded in such business or trade by any other person, all excisable goods, materials, preparations, plants, machineries, vessels, utensils, implements and articles in the custody or possession of the person so succeeding may also be attached and sold by such officer empowered by the Central Board of Excise and Customs, for the purpose of recovering such duty or other sums recoverable or due from such predecessor at the time of such transfer or otherwise disposal or change. (7). Learned counsel for Union of India also rely on sub rule (2) of Rule 230 of the Central Excise Rules, 1944, since repealed, which was to the same effect, to sustain demand notices issued against the petitioner. (8). State Financial Corporation supported the case of the petitioner by stating that transferee is not liable to any liabilities of previous owner including its liability under the Central Excise Act, except as stated in the advertisement of the auction of the assets of the previous owner. Under the advertisement auction of the assets of the J.M.P.S. Ltd. was made only subject to buyers liability to clear dues of RIICO. (9). Learned counsel for the petitioner places reliance on the principle enunciated by the Honble Supreme Court in Isha Marbles vs. Bihar State Electricity Board and another (1995) 2 Supreme Court Cases 648. Under the advertisement auction of the assets of the J.M.P.S. Ltd. was made only subject to buyers liability to clear dues of RIICO. (9). Learned counsel for the petitioner places reliance on the principle enunciated by the Honble Supreme Court in Isha Marbles vs. Bihar State Electricity Board and another (1995) 2 Supreme Court Cases 648. In support of his contention that buyer in absence of charge on the property or mala fide, is not liable for any liability or dues of the previous owner unless transfer is specifically under stipulation to that effect. He also pointed out as on the date of transfer took place, neither Rule 230(2) of the Central Excise Rules 1940 in force nor proviso to Rule 11, relied on the respondents came in force. Therefore, transfer which took place for the assets of previous owner was not subject to any statutory provision under which assets of the previous owner could be persued for recoveries under Central Excise Act, 1944, in the hands of buyer. (10). Learned counsel for Union of India too has placed reliance on another decision of the Honble Supreme Court in case of Macson Marbles Pvt. Ltd. vs. Union of India 2003(158) E.L.T. 424 (S.C.), in support of its submission that such recourse to recover dues of previous owner against the buyer is permissible under Rules 230(2) of the Central Excise Rules. The said rules clearly indicates that it is a made of recovery of the excise dues from the assets owned by a predecessor and on his liabilities being assessed could be recovered even from the successor. (11). The facts noticed by us above are not in dispute. At this juncture another important fact that need be noticed is the subject matter of transfer, which had been advertised for sale in respect of JMSP Limited. The advertisement reveals that only land, building and plant were offered for sale. It was sale of assets. Sale or transfer of business as a whole or in part which was being operated by its erstwhile owner of the unit was not the subject matter of transfer. Under clause (3) of the advertisement, the institution dues to RIICO were to be borne by the buyer. It was specifically stipulated that dues of other State department e.g. PHED, RSEB, Sales Tax, Land and Building Tax, State Industries Department shall not be taken by the buyer. Under clause (3) of the advertisement, the institution dues to RIICO were to be borne by the buyer. It was specifically stipulated that dues of other State department e.g. PHED, RSEB, Sales Tax, Land and Building Tax, State Industries Department shall not be taken by the buyer. Thus, under the stipulated terms of the auction the existing liabilities of unit had not been transferred to the buyer except to the extent dues out standing against RIICO. (12). First deck must be clear about the relevant provision of law as they existed on the date of transfer which took place in May 2003. (13). The Central Excise Rules, 1944, contained Rule 230(1) which provided firstly detention of plant, machinery, vessels utensils, implements and articles for making or manufacturing or producing any such goods, or, preparing any materials, or by which the trade or business is carried on, in the custody or possession of the person carrying on such trade or business, or in the custody or possession of any agent or other person in trust for or for the use of person carrying on such trade or business, may be detained for the purpose of exacting such duty, and any officer only authorised by general or special order of the Central Board of Excise and Customs or the Commissioner may detain such goods, materials, preparations, plant, machinery, vessels, utensils and articles until such duties or any sums recoverable in lieu thereof are paid or recovered. (14). This provision obviously applicable to a person against whom dues are outstanding and envisage only determination of specified assets until dues are paid by the person carrying on such trade or business and against whom liability for dues has arisen. (15). Sub Rule (2) of Rule 230 provided pursuits of goods and articles mentioned in sub rule (1) of the Rule 230 in the hands of the successors in business in whole or part in respect of the dues out standing against the previous owner. (16). However, the Rules of 1944 stood superceded when the Excise Rules 2001 were promulgated vide notification dated 1st of March 2001 which were to be brought in effect from 1st July 2001. (17). (16). However, the Rules of 1944 stood superceded when the Excise Rules 2001 were promulgated vide notification dated 1st of March 2001 which were to be brought in effect from 1st July 2001. (17). The Rules issued vide notification dated 1st of March 2001 itself were superseded by subsequent Rules as The Central Excise (No. 2) Rules, 2001 were promulgated which were also to come in force with effect from 1st day of July 2001. Rule 33 in Central Excise (No. 2) Rules, 2001 envisages rescinding of the Central Excise Rules, 2001. While superseding Rules of 1944 by Rules of 2001 no provision corresponding to Rule 230 was made in the Rule of 2001. Thus w.e.f. 1.7.2001 Rule 230(2) was not in force nor any parallel provision came into force under new Rules, as no such Rule was framed at all. (18). Thereafter vide Finance Act No. 2 of 2004 which came into force with effect from 1st of April 2004, amended Section 11 of Central Excise Act vide its Section 80 inserted the following proviso to Section 11:- ``Provided that where the person (hereinafter referred to as predecessor) from whom the duty or any other sums of any kind, as specified in this section, is recoverable, or due, transfers or otherwise disposes of his business or trade in whole or in part, or effects an changer in the ownership thereof, in consequence of which he is succeeded in such business or trade by any other person, all excisable goods, materials, preparations, plants, materials, preparations, plants, machineries, vessels, utensils, implements and articles in the custody or possession of the person so succeeding may also be attached and sold by such officer empowered by the Central Board of Excise and Customs, after obtaining written approval from the commissioner of Central Excise, for the purposes of recovering such duty or other sums recoverable or due from such predecessor at the time of such transfer or otherwise disposal or change. (19). Therefore, the position becomes clear that between 1st of July 2001 to 1st of July 2004 there was no provision akin to Rule 230 or proviso to Section 11 in the statute book. (19). Therefore, the position becomes clear that between 1st of July 2001 to 1st of July 2004 there was no provision akin to Rule 230 or proviso to Section 11 in the statute book. Therefore, as on the date purchase of the assets took place in May 2003 no corresponding liability followed the transfer of assets in the hands of buyer to clear the dues of previous owner which had not been paid by him under the Central Excise Act. (20). It may further be noticed that Rule 230 (2) and Section 11 both operate in case that is transfer of business whether as a whole or in part. But the two provisions do not operate in contingency where the purchase of business is wholly or partly contemplated. Mere transfer of some or more assets of existing business carried on by the same owner does not permit authority to peruse such transferred assets or their transferee for recovery of dues against business or trade which continues to be owned by existing owner. The provision where under rule 230(2) and proviso of rule 11 clearly states the condition on which provision comes in operation viz. `where the person dispose off his business or trade in whole or in part, or effects any change in the ownership thereof, in consequence of which he is succeeded in such business or trade by any other person. (21). The condition for invoking Rule 230(2) or proviso to Section 11 relates to transfer of business or trade in whole or in part or change in ownership of trade or business, but it does not contemplate piecemeal transfer of assets divorced from the transfer of trade or business. (22). Be that it may, since 1.7.2001 in the present case, provision of Section 11 was not brought retrospective effect and Rule 1944 having been superseded by Rules of 2001 and there being no provision akin to Rule 230 of Rules of 1944 when the the actual transfer of assets in question took place in May 2003. That being the position, there was no provision on the statute book under which respondent Excise Department are empowered to recover dues against M/s. J.M.S.P. Limited from the buyer of its assets in an auction under Section 29 of the S.F.C. Act. (23). That being the position, there was no provision on the statute book under which respondent Excise Department are empowered to recover dues against M/s. J.M.S.P. Limited from the buyer of its assets in an auction under Section 29 of the S.F.C. Act. (23). In absence of statutory provision the principle laid down in Isha Marbles case fully governs the facts of the present case. It was a case in which premises in question were transferred by the State Financial Corporation under Section 29(1) and when new owner applied for release of electric connection to new premises, the electricity board has put it a condition to clear dues of the previous owner and without that it cannot get connection. The Apex Court did not sustain the stand of the Electricity Board that it could recover the dues of the previous owner from the successor of the premises where previous electric connection was installed and dues arise from said connection released to previous owner. In the absence of any statutory provisions or agreement in that effect the court found impossible to impose on the purchasers a liability which was not incurred by them. Where the premises comes to be owned or occupied by the auction purchaser, when such purchaser seeks supply of electric energy he cannot be called upon to clear the post arrears as a condition precedent to supply. There is no charge over the property. What matters is the contract entered into by the erstwhile consumer with the Board The Board cannot seek the enforcement of contract liability against the third party. (24). Learned counsel for the respondent Union of India referred to Macson Marbles Pvt. Ltd. vs. Union of India 2003(158) ELT 424 (SC) (supra), wherein Court held that such demand against subsequent buyer was sustainable under Rule 230(2) of the Central Excise Act. In the said case the Supreme Court upheld the decision of D.B. of this Court that Rule 230(2) clearly indicates that it is a mode of recovery of the excise duty from the assets owned by a predecessor and on his liabilities being assessed could be recovered even from the successor. (25). However, in the present case Rule 230(2) or proviso to Section 11 was not available on the statute book as on the date of transfer nor any such obligation was created retrospectively. (26). (25). However, in the present case Rule 230(2) or proviso to Section 11 was not available on the statute book as on the date of transfer nor any such obligation was created retrospectively. (26). Therefore, position becomes clear that between 1st of July 2001 to 1st of April 2004 there was no provision akin to Rule 230 or proviso to Section 11 of the Act on the Statute Book. Hence, as on the date of transfer of the assets took place in May 2003, no corresponding liability followed the transfer of assets in the hands of buyer to clear the dues of previous owner which had not been paid under the Central Excise Act and the provisions of S.F.C. Act took full effect whenever such assets have vested in buyer free from all encumbrance. (27). Accordingly, the writ petition is allowed and the impugned demand notices and recovery notices are quashed. (28). There shall be no order as to costs in the facts and circumstances of the case.