iqjksfgr] lnL;-&;g fuxjkuh /kkjk 230 jktLFkku dkrdkjh vf/kfu;e 1955 ¼la{ksi esa ^vf/kfu;e½ ds varxZr mi [k.M vf/kdkjh fdkux<+okl ¼vyoj½ ds vknsk fnukad 21-1-06 ds fo:) izLrqr dh xbZ gS] ftlds }kjk mUgksaus okn la[;k 83@2003 muokuh Jherh ljkst cuke jkenku esa orZeku izkFkhZ }kjk izLrqr vknsk 6 fu;e 17 lhihlh dk izkFkZuk i= fujLr fd;k gSA 2- fuxjkuh ds laa{ksi esa rF; bl izdkj gSa fd orZeku vizkfFkZ;k@oknuh us ,d jktLo okn orZeku izkFkhZ ,oa orZeku vizkFkhZ la- 2 rk- 5 ds fo:) fnukad 16-4-2003 dks mi [k.M vf/kdkjh fdkux<+okl ¼vyoj½ ds le{k izLrqr fd;k A okn dk tokcnkok izkIr gksus ds ipkr~ fnukad 15-3-04 dks rufd;kr dk;e dh xbZ vkSj fely okLrs lk{; j[kh xbZA okfn;k ds lk{; fnukad 15-10-2005 dks iwjs gq,A izfroknh@orZeku izkFkhZ ds lk{; gsrq fnukad 26-10-2005 fu;e dh xbZA fnukad 26-10-2005 dks orZeku izkFkhZ@izfroknh us lk{; izLrqr djus ds fy, le; pkgkA rkjh[k 19-11-05 dks izfroknh@orZeku izkFkhZ us lhihlh ds vknsk 6 fu;e 17 dk izkFkZuk i= izLrqr dj tokcnkos esa lakks/ku djus dk fuosnu fd;kA bl izkFkZukl i= esa orZeku izkFkhZ us dFku fd;k fd izfroknh }kjk izLrqr fd;s x;s tokcnkos esa lakks/ku djrs gq, mlesa ,d uohu iSjk ^4&d* tksM+k tkosA 3- bl izkFkZuk i= dk tokc orZeku vizkfFkZ;k@oknuh us izLrqr dj fuosnu fd;k fd orZeku izkFkhZ vius tokcnkos esa lakks/ku djkdj nkok gktk dh dh uksb;r cnyuk pkgrk gS vkSj izfroknh@izkFkhZ dks tokcnkok izLrqr djrs le; Hkh pkgs x;s lakks/ku ds lHkh rF;ksa dh tkudkjh Fkh vkSj mUgha rF;ksa dks bl izkFkZuk i= esa vafdr fd;k x;k gSA izkFkZuk i= ds tokc esa vizkfFkZ;k@oknuh us ;g Hkh vafdr fd;k fd okn i= dk tokcnkok izLrqr gksdj rufd;kr dk;e dh tkdj oknh dh lk{; iw.kZ gks pqdh gS rFkk okn izfroknh dh lk{; ds fy, eqdjZj gS] ftlesa izkFkhZ tku cw>dj vius lk{; izLrqr djus ds ctk; nkos dks yfEcr j[ks j[kus dh uh;r ls bl izkFkZuk i= ds tfj;s tks lakks/ku pkgs gSa] ,sls izkFkZuk i= dks fujLr dj fn;k tkosA 4- orZeku izkFkhZ }kjk izLrqr mDr lhihlh ds vknsk 6 fu;e 17 ds izkFkZuk i= ij lquokbZ dh tkdj fopkj.k U;k;ky; us vius vknsk fnukad 21-1-06 }kjk izkFkhZ dk izkFkZuk i= [kkfjt fd;k gS] ftlds fo:) ;g fuxjkuh izLrqr dh xbZ gSA 5- izkFkhZ ds vfHkHkk"kd Jh gseUr lksxkuh us bl fuxjkuh esa vizkFkhZ la- 2] 3] 4 o 5 dh rkehy ugha gksus dk dFku fd;k] ftl ij fopkj fd;k x;kA ewy okn vizkFkhZ la- 1 us izkFkhZ o vizkFkhZ la- 2] 3] 4 o 5 ds fo:) fopkj.k U;k;ky; esa izLrqr fd;k gS] ftlesa lhihlh ds vknsk 6 fu;e 17 dk izkFkZuk i= fnukad 19-11-2005 dks orZeku izkFkhZ }kjk gh izLrqr fd;k x;k ,oa orZeku vizkfFkZ;k la- 1 us mDr izkFkZuk i= dk tokc izLrqr dj mls [kkfjt djus dk fuosnu fd;kA fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk bl izkFkZuk i= dk fuLrkj.k blh 21-1-06 ds fuxjk/khu vknsk ls fd;k gS] ftls dsoy orZeku izkFkhZ@izfroknh la- 1 us gh pqukSrh nh gS blfy, bl fuxjkuh ds okLrfod conteting i{kdkj orZeku izkFkhZ ,oa vizkFkhZ la- 1 gh gSa blfy, bl fuxjkuh dh xq.kkoxq.k ij lquokbZ dh xbZA 6- izkFkhZ@izfroknh ds fo}ku~ vfHkHkk"kd dk rdZ gS fd oknuh }kjk ftls fgCcsukes dks fjykbZ fd;k gS mls izfroknh vekU; ekurk gS ,oa ml rFkkdfFkr fgCcsukes esa oknuh dks [kljk ua- 339 dk 6@42 Hkkx nf{k.k&iwoZ fnkk esa fn;k x;k gS] ftl ij ekSds ij 1981 ls vk;Z lekt dk eafnj ,oa ^Å* tu lsok laLFkku dk Hkou cuk gqvk gS blfy, ;g nksuksa Hkwfe;ka bu nksuksa laLFkkvksa dh feyfd;r ,oa dCts dh gS vkSj nksuksa laLFkkvksa dks i{kdkj cukuk vko;d gS] ftls oknuh us tku cw>dj i{kdkj ugha cuk;k vkSj nkok mudh vuqifLFkfr esa fMØh Hkh gks tk;s rks ukdkfcy btjk; jgsxk vkSj bUgha mijksDr rF;ksa dks tokcnkos ds u;s iSjs 4¼d½ ds :i esa tksM+us gsrq muds tokcnkos dks lakksf/kr djus ds izkFkZuk i= dks fopkj.k U;k;ky; us [kkfjt djus esa voS/kkfud dh gSA mudk ;g Hkh rdZ gS fd okn i= dk tokcnkok isk gksus ds ckn rufd;kr dk;e gksus ,oa lk{;ksa ds ipkr~ Hkh tokcnkos esa oS/kkfud :Ik ls lakks/ku fd;k tk ldrk gS vkSj lakks/ku izkFkZuk i= nsjh ls isk djus ds vk/kkj ij lakks/ku izkFkZuk i= dks [kkfjt ugaha fd;k tk ldrkA izkFkhZ ds fo}ku vfHkHkk"kd us vius rdksZ esa fgCckukek dh oS/kkfudrk dks Hkh pqukSrh nh gSA izkFkhZ ds fo}ku~ vfHkHkk"kd us vius rdksZ ds leFkZu esa 2004 vkjvkjMh 4102] ,vkbZvkj 2001 ,llh 712] ,vkbZvkj 2001 ,llh 3295] 2001¼8½ ,llhlh 97] 96¼2½ vkj,yvkj 73] 89¼2½ vkj,yvkj 266] 86 vkj,yvkj 433 ds fofup; izLrqr fd;s gSaA 7- vizkFkhZ ds fo}ku~ vfHkHkk"kd us fopkj.k U;k;ky; ds le{k orZeku vizkFkhZ@ oknuh }kjk okn izLrqr fd;s tkus ds ipkr~ okn esa pyh izfØ;k dh vksj gekjk /;ku vkdf"kZr djrs gq, rFkk v/khuLFk U;k;ky; ds vknsk dk leFkZu djrs gq, rdZ izLrqr fd;k gSa fd okfn;k }kjk vkjkth eqruktk [kljk ua- 339 jdck 0-53 gSDV;j dk rdklek dk okn izLrqr fd;k gS ftlesa okfn;k dk 8@53 fgLlk gS vkSj okfn;k dk mDr fgLlk 8@53 jktLo jsdkMZ tekcanh esa ntZ gS ,oa blh vuq:i fookfnr vkjkth ij okfn;k dk eqrdZ dCtk izR;sd bap Hkwfe ij gSA izkFkhZ }kjk vk;Z lekt eafnj ,oa tu lsok laLFkku dk vadu djrs gq, tokcnkos esa lakks/ku pkgk tk jgk gSA ysfdu bu laLFkkvksa dk fookfnr Hkwfe ls dksbZ laca/k ugha gS vkSj u gh os okn esa vko;d i{kdkj gS D;ksafd os fookfnr Hkwfe ds jsdkMsZM [kkrsnkj ugha gS vkSj tekcanh esa mudk uke ntZ ugha gSA mudk ;g Hkh rdZ gS fd bUgha laLFkkvksa dk izkFkhZ us vius tokcnkos ds fosk"k dFku ds iSjk ua- 3 esa igys ls gh dFku fd;k gS vkSj laLFkkuksa dks i{kdkj cuk;k tkuk drbZ vko;d ugha ekurs gq, rFkk okn esa tokcnkok isk gks tkus ds ckn rufd;kr dk;e dh tkdj lk{; okfn;k lekIr gksus rFkk vizkFkhZ@izfroknh }kjk viuh lk{; izLrqr djus ds ctk; okn ds fopkj.k esa nsjh djus dh xjt ls izLrqr bl izkFkZuk i= dks fujLr djus esa fopkj.k U;k;ky; us dksbZ voS/kkfudrk ugha dh gSA 8- geus nksuksa i{kdkjksa dks rdZ lqusaA mu ij euu fd;k rFkk izdj.k ls lacaf/kr miyC/k fjdkMZ dk xgurk ls voyksdu fd;kA 9- okn i= ,oa tokcnkos esa vafdr fd;s x;s vfHkdFkuksa ,oa izkFkhZ }kjk izLrqr lhihlh ds vknsk 6 fu;e 17 ds izkFkZuk i= esa vafdr rF;ksa ,oa tokcnkos esa pkgs x;s lakks/ku ,oa vizkFkhZ }kjk izLrqr fd;k x;k lhihlh ds vknsk 6 fu;e 17 ds izkFkZuk i= ds tokc ,oa fuxjk/khu vknsk dk voyksdu fd;k x;kA 10- bl izdj.k esa lhihlh ds vknsk 6 fu;e 17 dh O;kfIr (Scope) dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, bl fuxjkuh dk fuLrkj.k fd;k tkuk gSA vknsk 6 fu;e 17 lhihlh ds izko/kku bl izdkj gS%& ``Amendment of pleadings :- The court may at any stage of the proceedings allow either party to alter or amend his pleadings in such manner and on such terms as may be just, and all such amendment shall be made as may be necessary for the purpose of determining the real question in controversy between the parties. Provided that no application for amendment shall be allowed after the trial has commenced, unless the Court comes to the conclusion that in spite of due diligence, the party could not have raised the matter before the commencement of trial. Provided that no application for amendment shall be allowed after the trial has commenced, unless the Court comes to the conclusion that in spite of due diligence, the party could not have raised the matter before the commencement of trial. lhihlh ds vknsk 6 fu;e 17 ds ijUrqd (Proviso) dks lu~ 2002 esa fd;s x;s lakks/ku ls tksM+k x;kA U;k;ky; dh vuqKk ls vfHkopuksa ds lakks/ku ds fy, vko;d gS fd pkgk x;k lakks/ku i{kdkj ds chp fooknxzLr okLrfod izuksa ds fu.kZ;ksa ds fy, vko;d gks vkSj ,slk lakks/ku djkus okyk i{kdkj ln~Hkko ls lakks/ku pkgrk gks fdlh nqHkkZouk ;k pkykdh ls ughaA lakks/ku ds }kjk okn dk Lo:i ;k okn gsrqd cnyus dk iz;kl u fd;k x;k gks rFkk pkgk x;k lakks/ku ewy vfHkopuksa ls vlaxr vFkok fojks/kh dFku u gksA blds lkFk gh lhihlh esa lu~ 2002 esa fd;s x;s lakks/ku }kjk fdlh lakks/ku ds vkosnu dks U;k;ky; rc rd vuqKk iznku ugha djsxh tc rd fd U;k;ky; bl fu.kZ; ij ugha igqaps fd lE;d rRijrk cjrus ij Hkh og i{kdkj fopkj.k ¼trial½ vkjaHk gksus ls iwoZ og fo"k; ugha mBk ldrk FkkA ;fn pkgk x;k lakks/ku i{kdkjksa ds chp lfookn (controversy) ds okLrfod izuksa ds fuiVkjs ds fy, vko;d gh ugks tSls dsoy rduhfd gksa ;k csdkj gks vkSj mlesa dksbZ lkjrRo ugha gks rFkk tc pkgs x;s lakks/ku ls okn dk Lo:i cnyus dk iz;kl gks vFkok tgka pkgk x;k lakks/ku iw.kZr;k fHkUu] u;k] vlaxr ekeyk izLrqr djrk gks og Hkh okn i= ,oa tokcnkos ds vk/kkj ij rufd;kr dk;e dh tkdj ,d i{k dh lk{; iwjh gksus ds ckn yk;k x;k gks vkSj lakks/ku }kjk u dsoy u;s i{kdkjksa dks tksM+us dk iz;kl ,oa okn gsrqd dks iw.kZr;k cnyus ds iz;kl gsrq lakks/ku pkgk x;k gks rFkk tgka fdlh foks"k gd ;k LokfeRo ds vk/kkj ij okn yk;k x;k gks vkSj ml LokfeRo ;k gd dks cnyus okyk lakks/ku gks vkSj ;fn ,slk pkgk x;k lakks/ku ln~HkkoiwoZd ugha gks rks ,sls lakks/kuksa dks Lohdkj ugha fd;k tk ldrkA 11- izkFkhZ }kjk pkgk x;k lakks/ku bl izdkj gS%& 4¼d½ ^^;g fd oknuh us ftl fgc;ukek dks fjykb fd;k gS ftls feu izfroknh vekU; ekurk gS ml rFkkdfFkr fgc;ukek esa oknuh dks [kljk ua- 339 dk 6@42 Hkkx rjQ nf{k.k iwoZ fn;k tkuk ntZ gSA oknuh us tkucw>dj nkos esa ;s rF; ntZ ugha fd;s gSa ekSds ij 1981 ls bl nf{k.k iwoZ tehu ij vk;Z lekt eafnj o ^Å* tu lsok laLFkku xÅkkyk cus gq, gSa rFkk 1993 ls ^Åa* tu lsok laLFkku dk Hkou cuk gqvk gS ;g Hkwfe bu nksuksa laLFkkvksa dh fefYd;r o dCts dh gS os nksuksa laLFkk bl eqdnesa esa vko;d i{kdkj gS ftudks fcuk lqus nkok rdlhe fMØh ugha gks ldrkA oknuh us tkucw>dj mudks i{kdkj ugha cuk;k gS bl dkj.k ;g nkok dkfcy fitjkb ugha gS vkSj fujLr gksus ;ksX; gSA nkok fMØh gksus dh fnkk esa Hkh fMØh ukdkfcy btjk; jgsxh D;ksafd tksnkos esa i{kdkj ugha gS mudh lEifr dk foHkktu gks gh ugha ldrkA** 12- izkFkhZ }kjk vius tokcnkos ds foks"k dFku ds iSjk ua- 3 esa vafdr rF; bl izdkj gSa%& ^^iSjk ua- 3 & ;g gS fd oknuh us nkos esa fgcSukek dk rF; ntZ ugha fd;k gS vkSj IyhfMaXl esa Li"V :i ls fgcsukek dk rF; IyhM u gksus ds dkj.k U;k;ky; mldh tkap ugha dj ldrhA fdUrq oknuh us vius izkFkZuk i= vLFkk;h fu"ks/kkKk ds leFkZu esa ,d fgcSukek isk fd;k gS] ftlds laca/k esa ;g fuosnu djuk vko;d gS fd ;g fgcSukek dkuwuu ekU; ugha gS] D;ksafd oknuh us bls Lohd`r ugha fd;k gS vkSj Lohd`fr ds gLrk{kj ugha fd;s gS] tks dkuwuu vko;d gS] uht ;g rFkkdfFkr fgcSukek vey esa ugha vk;k gS vkSj izHkkoh ugha gSA mlds rgr oknuh dks dHkh dCtk ugha fn;k x;k] ;g mYys[k djuk Hkh vko;d gS fd bl rFkkdfFkr fgcSukek esa 6@42 Hkkx tkfuc nf{k.k&iwoZ dks fgcS fd;k tkuk ntZ fd;k x;k gS] fdUrq oknuh us 6@42 Hkkx tkfuc nf{k.k&iwoZ dh ckcr nkok gh ugha fd;k gSA ;g mYys[k fd;k tkuk Hkh vko;d gS fd bl vkjkth ds 6@42 Hkkx tkfuc nf{k.k iwoZ esa ekSds ij vk;Z lekt eafnj vkSj vkse~ tu lsok laLFkku dk Hkou cuk gqvk gS rFkk [kljk la- 339 dh vU; Hkwfe ij nqdkusa o edkukr cus gq, gSa] ftlls Li"V gS fd ekSds ij dksbZ d`f"k Hkwfe ugha gS vkSj d`f"k Hkwfe ds foHkktu dk dksbZ izu gh iSnk ugha gksrkA** 13- izkFkhZ }kjk pkgs x;s lakks/ku ,oa izkFkhZ }kjk izLrqr tokc nkos ds foks"k dFku ds mDr iSjk 3 dks ,d lkFk i<+us ls ;g Li"V gksrk gS fd ftu rF;ksa dks ysdj izkFkhZ lakks/ku pkg jgk gS mu lHkh rF;ksa dh tkudkjh izkFkhZ dks okn dh trial vkjEHk gksus ls iwoZ esa gh FkhA izkFkhZ bu lakks/kuksa ds ek/;e ls okn dks vkjfEHkd fLFkfr esa ys tkuk pkgrs gSA 14- izkFkhZ }kjk vius rdksZ ds leFkZu esa ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; }kjk ,vkbZvkj 2001 ,llh ist 3295 ^^eSllZ ,LVªsyk jcM+ cuke nkl ,LVsV izk- fy-** fofup; tks 2001¼8½ ,l-lh-lh- ist 97 esa Hkh fjiksVZ gqvk gS] izLrqr fd;k x;k gSA bl fofup; esa ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; us ;g izfrikfnr fd;k gS fd ``eviction suit esa ;fn pkgk x;k lakks/ku oknh }kjk izfroknh ds gd esa dh xbZ Lohd`fr dks ``displace ugha djrk gS rks ,slh fLFkfr esa tokcnkos esa lakks/ku fd;k tk ldrk gSA ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; }kjk izfrikfnr mDr fl)kUr ds ckcr nks jkW; gks gh ugha ldrhA ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; us bl fofup; esa ,vkbZvkj 2000 ,llh ist 614 ^ch-ds- ukjk;.k fiybZ cuke ijesoju fiybZ* [(2000) 1 - ,l-lh-lh- ist 712] ds iSjk ua- 3 dks vius fu.kZ; esa m)`r fd;k gS ftlesa Li"V :i ls ;g vfHkfu/kkZfjr fd;k x;k gS fd fdlh Hkh izdj.k esa lakks/ku vf/kdkj ds :i esa ugha ekaxk tk ldrk rFkk fdlh lakks/ku dks Lohdkj djus vFkok ugha djus ds laca/k esa ^^gkbZij VSDuhdy vizksp** Hkh dke esa ugha yh tkuh pkfg;sA blh fu.kZ; ds iSjk ua- 04 esa ^,-ds- xqIrk ,.M lal cuke nkeksnj oSyh dkiksZjsku* [1966 ¼1½ ,llhvkj ist 796] esa izfrikfnr fl)kUrksa dks Hkh m)`r fd;k x;k gS ftlesa Li"V :i ls ;g O;oLFkk nh gS fd lakks/ku }kjk u;s dsl LFkkfir djus dh btktr ugha nsuk vFkok u;k ``cause of action dks lakks/ku }kjk ugha tksM+s tkus dk ``general rule gSA bl laca/k esa Weldon vs. Neale (1887) 19 QBD 394 : 56 LJ QB 621 esa Hkh blh fl)kUr dks Lohd`fr nh xbZ gS vkSj dsoy mu izdj.kksa esa tgka lakks/ku }kjk u;k o ``different case vFkok u;k `cause of action ugha tqM+rk gks dsoy mUgha fLFkfr;ka esa lakks/ku dh Lohd`fr nh tk ldrh gSA 15- ;g lgh gS fd okn ds lakks/ku ,oa izfrokn ds lakks/ku ds fl)kUr ,d leku gSa rFkk U;k;ky; dks Hkh izfrokn ds lakks/ku T;knk tujl gksus pkfg;s ysfdu lkFk gh ;fn tokcnkos ds lakks/ku ds }kjk izfroknh u;k dkWt vkWQ ,Dku vFkok u;k dsl LFkkfir djuk pkg jgk gks rks ,sls lakks/ku dh btktr drbZ ugha nh tk ldrhA izLrqr izdj.k esa izfroknh vius tokc nkos ds lakks/ku ds }kjk okn esa u;s i{kdkj tksM+uk pkg jgk gS ,oa okn dh ewy `Controversy ls gVkdj u;k dsl LFkkfir djuk pkg jgk gS ftldh btktr mls ugha nh tk ldrhA 16- blh izdkj izkFkhZ ds vfHkHkk"kd us ^^iadtk o vU; cuke ;SyIik o vU;** ,vkbZvkj 2004 ,llh ist 4102 dk fofup; izLrqr fd;k gS ftlesa ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; us fdlh Hkh lakks/ku dks dsoy ek= nsjh ls lakks/ku izkFkZuk i= izLrqr fd;s tkus ds vk/kkj ij [kkfjt ugha djus dh O;oLFkk nh gSA ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; ds mDr fu.kZ; ,oa ekuuh; jktLFkku mPp U;k;ky; }kjk ikfjr fu.kZ;ksa esa bl fl)kUr dks crk;k x;k gS fd fdlh Hkh lakks/ku dks dsoy ek= nsjh ds vk/kkj ij vLohdkj ugha fd;k tk ldrk vkSj vU; fofup;ksa esa ;gka rd O;oLFkk nh xbZ gS fd dksbZ Hkh lakks/ku u dsoy fopkj.k U;k;ky; esa okn ds fopkj.k ds nkSjku cfYd izFke vihy ,oa f}rh; vihy ds Lrj ij Hkh ;fn vko;d gks rks U;k;ky; ,sls lakks/kuksa dks Lohdkj djus dh btktr ns ldrh gS ysfdu loksZPp U;k;ky; ds mijksDr fu.kZ; o vU; fofup;ksa esa lkFk gh ;g O;oLFkk Hkh nh xbZ gS fd ;fn pkgk x;k lakks/ku `cause of justice dk `sub serve djrk gks vkSj eqdnesckth dks c<+kus ls jksdrk gks rks lakks/ku Lohdkj fd;k tkuk pkfg;sA tks lakks/ku pkgk x;k gS izLrqr izdj.k esa `cause of justice dk `sub serve djus ds ctk; blls myV] dsoy ek= eqdnesa dks yEck djus ,oa `cause of justice dks `defeat djus dh xjt ls pkgk x;k lakks/ku gSA izkFkhZ dks ftu rF;ksa dh tkudkjh okn ds fopkj.k vkjEHk gksus ls iwoZ Fkh mUgha rF;ksa dks vius tokcnkos esa lakks/ku djokdj okn esa u;s i{kdkj tqM+okdj okn tks ij `evidence stage ij gS] viuk tokcnkok lakks/ku djokdj okn dh dk;Zkgh dks u;s fljs ls kq: djokus esa iz;kljr utj vkrs gSa rFkk lkFk gh fgCcsukes dh oS/kkfudrk dks pqukSrh nsus ds rF;ksa dk lekosk djokdj okn dk Lo:i gh cnyokuk pkgrk gSA 17- izkFkhZ ds fo}ku~ vfHkHkk"kd us ekuuh; jktLFkku mPp U;k;ky; }kjk ^^ghjkpan cuke xksiky** 98¼2½ vkj,yvkj ist 73 dk fofup; izLrqr fd;k gS] ftlesa O;oLFkk nh gS fd ;fn pkgk x;k lakks/ku ;fn cnuh;fr ls u gks rks mls Lohdkj djuk pkfg;s ysfdu izLrqr izdj.k esa izkFkhZ }kjk pkgk x;k lakks/ku ln~Hkkoukiw.kZ ugha gSA blh izdkj izkFkhZ ds vfHkHkk"kd us 1989 ¼2½ vkj,yvkj ist 267 dk fofup; vius rdZ ds leFkZu esa izLrqr fd;k gS ftlesa dgk x;k gS fd ;fn pkgk x;k lakks/ku `purely legal lakks/ku gks rks mls nsjh ls Hkh Lohdkj fd;k tk ldrk gSA ijUrq izLrqr izdj.k esa pkgk x;k lakks/ku `purely legal lakks/ku ugha gSA blh izdkj 1986 vkj,yvkj ist 433 esa ;fn pkgk x;k lakks/ku `frivolous ugha gks rks mls Lohdkj fd;k tkuk pkfg;sA izLrqr izdj.k esa vizkfFkZ;k }kjk izLrqr okn foHkktu ds okn dks izkFkhZ lakks/ku ds ek/;e ls u;k eksM+ nsuk pkgrk gS vkSj okn dk Lo:i cnyus dk iz;kl gSA blds }kjk okn dks u;k :i nsus esa iz;kljr~ gS] tks bl eqdnesa esa drbZ `trevolour gS ,oa ftldh btktr mls drbZ ugha nh tk ldrhA 18- ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; us fofup; ^ghjkyky cuke dY;k.key o vU;^ ,vkbZvkj 1998 ist 618 esa fuEu O;oLFkk gS%& ``Amendment.- Admission.- Suit for partition. - Definite stand taken in written statement that out of 10 immovable properties, seven were joint family properties and remaining three exclusively belonged to defendants.- Amendment introducing an event that those seven properties werein possession of trespassers.- Withdrawal of admission made not permissible.- Amendment cannot be allowed. No case was made out by the respondents, contesting defendants, for amending the written statement and thus attempting to go behind their admission regarding 5 out of 7 remaining items out of 10 listed properties in Schedule-A of the plaint. However, so far as Schedule-A properties are concerned, from the very inception the defendants case qua those properties was that plaintiff has no interest therein. By proposed amendment they wanted to introduce an event with reference to those very properties by submitting that they had been in possession of trespassers. Such amendment could not be said to have in any way adversely or prejudicially affected the case of the plaintiff or displaced any admission on their part qua Schedule-B properties which might have resulted into any legal right in favour of the plaintiff. Therefore, so far as Schedule-B properties were concerned, the amendment could not be found fault with. Hence exercising the powers under Article 156 of the Constitution of India we would not be inclined to interfere with that part of the decision of the High Court allowing the amendment in the written statement, even though strictly speaking High Court could not have interfered with even this part of the order under Section 115, C.P.C. In the result, this appeal is partly allowed. The respondents application for amending the written statement in so far as it sought to withdraw earlier admission about 5 properties out of the remaining seven items of Schedule-A of the plaint shall stand dismissed. However, order regarding a part of the application for amending the written statement qua Schedule-B properties, which was allowed by the High Court will remain untouched. 19- ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; us fofup; ^^Hkkjr dksfdax dksy fy- cuke jktfdkksj flag o vU;** ,vkbZvkj 2000 ,llh ist 3577¼1½ esa fuEu O;oLFkk nh gSa%& ``Order 6, Rule 17.- Amendment of petition.- Nature of dispute drastically changed.- Amendment cannot be allowed. - Order granting amendment and interim orders passed on basis of amended petition quashed. 19- ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; us fofup; ^^Hkkjr dksfdax dksy fy- cuke jktfdkksj flag o vU;** ,vkbZvkj 2000 ,llh ist 3577¼1½ esa fuEu O;oLFkk nh gSa%& ``Order 6, Rule 17.- Amendment of petition.- Nature of dispute drastically changed.- Amendment cannot be allowed. - Order granting amendment and interim orders passed on basis of amended petition quashed. The short question is whether in an application moved by Respondent No. 1 under Section 20 of the Arbitration Act, 1940, amendment under Order 6, Rule 17 of the Code of Civil Procedure could have been allowed and the nature of the dispute could have been changed drastically. Such a claim cannot be well-sustained in view of the decision of this Court in C.A. No. 63 of 1990 decided on 17.8.1999. Only on this short ground, the appeals are allowed. The order granting amendment of the application under Section 20 of the Arbitration Act, 1940 by the trial Court and as confirmed by the High Court by the impugned order are set aside. Consequently, further interim orders based on the amended petition passed by the trial Court under Section 20 of the Act would also fall through. 20- ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; us fofup; ^^eSllZ eksnh Lihfuax ,.M ohfoax feYl da- fy- cuke eSllZ yM~<+k jke ,.M da-** ,vkbZvkj 1997 ,llh ist 680 esa fuEu O;oLFkk nh gS%& Order 6, Rule 17.- Amendment of written statement.- Entirely different case sought to be introduced by way of amendment. - likely prejudice to the other parties.- Order rejecting amendment application affirmed. It is true that inconsistent pleas can be made in pleadings but the effect of substitution of paragraphs 25 and 26 is not making inconsistent and alternative pleadings but it is seeking to displace the plaintiff completely from the admissions made by the defendants in the written statement. If such amendments are allowed the plaintiff will be irretrivably prejudiced by being denied the opportunity of extracting the admission from the defendants. The High Court rightly rejected the application for amendment and agreed with the trial Court. 21- ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; us fofup; ^^Jherh xaxkckbZ cuke fot;dqekj o vU;** ,vkbZvkj 1974 ,llh ist- 1126 esa fuEu O;oLFkk nh gS%& Order 6, Rule 17.- Amendment of pleadings.- Memorandum of appeal.- Consideration for exercise of discretion. - Effect of undue delay in seeking amendment. The High Court rightly rejected the application for amendment and agreed with the trial Court. 21- ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; us fofup; ^^Jherh xaxkckbZ cuke fot;dqekj o vU;** ,vkbZvkj 1974 ,llh ist- 1126 esa fuEu O;oLFkk nh gS%& Order 6, Rule 17.- Amendment of pleadings.- Memorandum of appeal.- Consideration for exercise of discretion. - Effect of undue delay in seeking amendment. The power to allow an amendment is undoubtedly wide and may at any stage be appropriately exercised in the interest of justice, the law of limitation notwithstanding. But the exercise of such far-reaching discretionary powers is governed by judicial considerations and wider the discretion, greater ought to be the care and circumspection on the part of the Court. 22- ekuuh; jktLFkku mPp U;k;ky; us fofup; ^^gfjk lapsrh o vU; cuke ;wvkbZVh tks/kiqj o vU;** 2000&01 ¼LiyhesaVªh½ Mh,uts ¼jkt-½ ist 213 esa fuEu O;oLFkk nh gS%& ``CIVIL PROCEDURE CODE, 1908 — O. 6 R. 17 — Amendment of plaint — Petitioner wants to plead the boundaries of plot & substitute the plan annexed with the plaint — Application rejected — Revision — No change in the nature of suit — Identity of plot can be established during trial — Boundaries mentioned in the sale deed — Amendment is not necessary for determination of the real controversy — Interference in the order is not justified. 23- ekuuh; jktLFkku mPp U;k;ky; us fofup; ^^dey /kkoyk ¼Jherh½ cuke d`".k dV~Vk** 2000&01 ¼LiyhesaVªh½ Mh,uts ¼jkt-½ ist 339 esa fuEu O;oLFkk nh gS%& CIVIL PROCEDURE CODE, 1908 — O. 6 R. 17— Amendment of W.S. — Case fixed for arguments & application filed for amendment — No document on record to show that plaintiff had acquired another shop — Trial Court has not committed any error in rejecting the application. 24- ekuuh; jktLFkku mPp U;k;ky; us fofup; ^^,e-ds- vks>k cuke xq: fnO;kjke vksyk** 2000¼2½ ¼Mh,uts ¼jkt-½ ist 463 esa fuEu O;oLFkk nh gS%& CIVIL PROCEDURE CODE, 1908 — O. 6 R. 17— Amendment in written statement — Application rejected — Revision — Subsequent events neither relevant nor germane to decide the controversy — Issue No. 8 related to same averments — Held, No merit in the revision & dismissed. 25- ekuuh; jktLFkku mPp U;k;ky; us fofup; ^^rkjkflag o vU; cuke izsepan iaokj** 1999¼1½ ¼Mh,uts ¼jkt-½ ist 166 esa fuEu O;oLFkk nh gS%& CIVIL PROCEDURE CODE, 1908 — O. 6 R. 17 — Amendment of the written statement — Suit for eviction — Plea is already on record — Amendment sought is not necessary to decide the real controversy between the parties — Trial Judge has not committed any jurisdictional error in rejecting the application. 26- ekuh; jktLFkku mPp U;k;ky; us fofup; ^^pqUuhyky cuke Hkaojyky o vU;** 1996 ¼1½ ¼Mh,uts ¼jkt-½ ist 660 esa fuEu O;oLFkk nh gS%& ``CIVIL PROCEDURE CODE, 1908 — O. 6 R. 17— Revision filed against the order not allowing the amendment in the written statement — amendment sought is about the change in the name of the landlord to whom the rent is paid — This is not bona fide request — A tenant is not expected to forget the name of the landlord — If the change is allowed it will be setting a new case regarding a new tenancy — Held, Introduction of a new case is not allowed by the provisions of O. 6 R. 17—. 27- ekuuh; jktLFkku mPp U;k;ky; us ^^LVsV vkWQ jktLFkku cuke bZojnkl** 1997 vkjvkjMh ist 42 ds fofup; esa fuEu O;oLFkk nh gS%& ``Code of Civil Procedure, O. 6 Rule 17 and O. 8 Rule 9 — By way of amendment defendant-revisionist seeking to displace plaintiff from admission made by defendant in written statement — Whether such amendment can be allowed - Held, defendant-revisionist has no justification to introduce by way of amendment entirely different new case seeking relief u/O 6, r. 17 to displace plaintiff (opposite party) completely from admissions made by the defendant-revisionst in his written statement causing prejudice to the plaintiff in the present case. (Paras 4 & 12) 28- jktLo e.My us ^^fkoyky cuke j.kthrey** 1993 vkjvkjMh ist 50 ds fofup; esa fuEu O;oLFkk nh gS%& ``CODE OF CIVIL PROCEDURE, ORDER 6, RULES 7 & 17 AND ORDER 8, RULES 9 — Written statement to amend the plaint should be confined to amended part of the palint- Defendant is not entitled to file fresh statement modifying earlier pleas or taking additional pleas - Courts should make it clear at the time of passing the order that the written statement is to be so confined - Divergent views of Rajasthan High Court in 1970 RLW 394, and 1978 RLW 470- AIR 1980 Raj. 4 - 1970 RLW 394, preferred. (Paras 7 to 11). 29- jktLo e.My us ^^ukFkwyky cuke gtkjh** 1993 vkjvkjMh ist 230 ds fofup; esa fuEu O;oLFkk nh gS%& ``Code of Civil Procedure, Order 6, Rule 17 - Suit filed in 1979 - Application for Amendment of written statement filed in 1989- Amendment sought not required keeping in view facts and circumstances of case but for harrassing opposite party belonging to weaker section - Held, Rejection of application was proper. (Para 5) 30- jktLo e.My us ^^eafnj Jh lhrkjketh cuke eD[kuyky** 1990 vkjvkjMh ist 631 ds fofup; esa fuEu O;oLFkk nh gS%& ``Civil Procedure Code, Order 6, Rule 17 - Application presented after evidence had been closed and final arguments had been heard - Amendment sought controverting admissions made in original written statement and entries in revenue record - Amendment, not necessary for deciding matters at issue- No reasons recorded for permitting amendment which had the effect of changing nature of te suit - Held, trial Court had committed material irregularity in exercise of its jurisdiction in permitting amendment. (Para 10) 31- jktLo e.My us ^^eq- xQwju cuke bczkghe** 1983 vkjvkjMh ist 437 ds fofup; esa fuEu O;oLFkk nh gS%& ``Civil P.C., O. 6, R. 17 - Amendment in W.S. introducing new case, allowed by S.D.O. - Held, nature of proposed amendment to W.S. clearly constituted a new case because a new claim made on a new basis constituted by new facts sought to be set out- Hence, such amendment could not be allowed in view of A.I.R. 1967 SC 96 - Order of S.D.O., set aside. (Para 6). (Para 6). 32- 1997 vkjvkjMh ist 42 ds fofup; esa ekuuh; jktLFkku mPp U;k;ky; us ;g O;oLFkk nh gS%& ``Code of Civil Procedure O. 6, Rule 17 and O. 8, Rule 9 - By way of amendment defendant-revisionist seeking to displace plaintiff from admission made by defendant inwritten statement- Whether such amendment canbe allowed- Held, defendant- revisionist has no justification to introduce by way of amendment entirely different new case seeking relief u/O 6, r. 17 to displace plaintiff (opposite party) completely from admissions made by the defendant revisionist in his written statement causing prejudice to the plaintiff in the present case. 33- ekuuh; jktLFkku mPp U;k;ky; us ^^deZpUn cuke Jh vkksd dqekj** 2002¼2½ Mh,uts ¼jkt-½ ist 678 fofup; esa flfoy izfØ;k lafgrk ds vknsk 6 fu;e 17 ds laca/k esa ;g vfHkfu/kkZfjr fd;k gS fd%& ``Civil Procedure Code, 1908— O. 6 R. 17 — Revision — Petitioner sought amendment in his written statement during the appellate stage - The appeal was against the decree of eviction and the plea of partial eviction was raised and was to be amended- Defendant has already admitted that partial eviction was not possible - Valuable right to plaintiff cannot be challenged now - Amendment rightly disallowed. 34- ekuuh; jktLFkku mPp U;k;ky; us ,e-ds- vks>k ¼Jherh½ @ euksjek vks>k cuke xq: fnO;kjke Hkksyk** 2000 ¼2½ Mh,uts ¼jktLFkku½ ist 463 ds fofup; esa ipkr~orhZ ?kVukvksa ds lqlaxr ugha gksus vFkok muds fookn ds fu.kZ; ds fy, vko;d ugha gksus o bl laca/k esa iwoZ rudh esa pkgs x;s lakks/kuksa dk dFku igys ls gh gksus ij tokcnkos esa pkgs x;s lakks/kuksa dks vLohdkj fd;k gS] tks bl izdkj gS%& ``Civil Procedure Code, 1908 — O. 6 R. 17 — Amendment in written statement- Application rejected — Revision - Subsequent events neither relevant nor germane to decide the controvesy- Issue No. 8 related to same averments - Held, No merit in the revision & dismissed. 35- ekuuh; jktLFkku mPp U;k;ky; }kjk ^^jruflag ,.M vuknj cuke jkeizlkn ,.M vnlZ** 2002¼2½ Mh,uts ¼jkt-½ ist 523 esa okn ds lakks/ku ds izkFkZuk i= dks ekuuh; mPp U;k;ky; us [kkfjt djrs gq, vfHkfu/kkZfjr fd;k gS fd%& ``Civil Procedure Code, 1908 O-6 R- 17 - Amendment of plaint- Application rejected on the ground that fact sought to be amended is already on record and do not go to root of the case and not necessary for decision of the real controversy- Application filed at a belated stage and facts were already in knowledge of the plaintiff- Held, trial Court has not committed any irregularity or jurisdictional error. 36- ^^vEckyky cuke Hkhojkt** 2003 vkjchts ist 1 ds fofup; esa vknsk 6 fu;e 17 lhihlh ds laca/k esa fl)kUr izfrikfnr fd;k gS fd%& ``CODE OF CIVIL PROCEDURE 1908- ORDER 6 RULE 17 - When grounds of amendment of plaint in application are same which have been taken in written statement- Application cannot be accepted. In this case defendant filed an application for amendment of plaint after five years. Further grounds taken in amendment application are same which have been taken in written statement. Application for amendment cannot be accepted-Revision dismissed. 37- ,vkbZvkj 1977 ,llh ist 680 esa ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; us ;g O;oLFkk nh gS fd ,sls lakks/ku drbZ Lohdkj ugha fd;s tk ldrs ftldk izHkko oknh ds okn dks lekIr djus vkSj mls mlds vf/kdkjksa ls oafpr djus dk tks mls ewy okn esa gS] lakks/ku }kjk fookfnr fcUnq ls gVdj fHkUu ekeyk izLrqr djus dh btktr ugha nh tk ldrhA 38- ,vkbZvkj 1985 ,eih ist 219 esa fuEu izdkj ls izfrikfnr fd;k x;k gS%& "B) Civil P.C. (5 of 1908), O. 6 R. 17 — Amendment - Suit for damages under test - ``Conspiracy to injure - By amendment claim for damages on test of defamation sought to beintroduced - Both torts different- Amendment would introduce different cause of action - Application rejected. Where the claim for damages in the plaint was for a tort affecting economic interests under the head conspiracy to injury and by proposed amendment the plaintiff wanted to recover damages on the basis of defamation, the tort of defamation being a different tort would introduce an entirely different cause of action than the one onwhich the suit was brought the application for amendment was liable to be rejected. (Para 14). (Para 14). 39- ^^eSllZ cakhyky x.kirjk; cuke Hkkstjkt o vU;**] ,vkbZvkj 1980 ,pih ist 39 esa ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; ds fofup; ,vkbZvkj 77 ,llh ist 680 ij fjykb djrs gq, fgekpy iznsk dh ekuuh; mPp U;k;ky; us ;g izfrikfnr fd;k gS fd ;fn pkgk x;k lakks/ku u;k dsl LFkkfir djus dh uh;r ls gks rks ,slk lakks/ku Lohdkj ugha fd;k tkuk pkfg;sA 40- ,vkbZvkj 1998 ,lih ist 618 ^^ghjkyky cuke dY;k.k ey oxSjk** ds fofup; esa loksZPp U;k;ky; dh [k.MihB us ;g O;OkLFkk nh xbZ gS%& ``Civil P.C. (5 of 1908), O. 6, R. 17, O. 15, R. 1 - Amendment of written statement - seeking withdrawal of admission- Permissibility - Suit for partition - Defendants admitting 7 out of 10 properties as joint family property in written statement and contensting only 3 properties as exclusively belonging to them - Subsequently seeking amendment of written statement whereby withdrawing earlier admission made regarding 7 properties - Said amendment if allowed would displace plaintiffs case and his right to get preliminary partition decree- Amendment not permissible. 41- ^^dkywjke cuke kdqUryk nsoh** ,vkbZvkj 1992 jktLFkku ist 6 ds fofup; dh iSjk 3 esa fuEu O;oLFkk nh xbZ gS%& ``The court while dealing with an application under O. 6, R. 17 of the Code has also to see whether the application has been made bonafide. It appears that after taking adjournments for addressing arguments, the petitioner has moved this application with a view to delay the decision of the suit. The learned trial Court has given good reasons for dismissing the application and in my view no interference is called for. 42- ^^nqxkZflag oxSjk cuke ekyflag oxSjk** 1982 MCY;w-,y-,u- ¼;wlh½ ist 371 ds fofup; esa [k.MihB }kjk fuEu O;oLFkk nh xbZ gS%& ``Civil Procedure Code - O. 6, R. 17 - Amendment of pleadings - Amendment changing entire basis of suit and introducing a new case- Displacing original admissions and introducing inconsistent & newspleas- Held, amendment cannot be permitted. The real question in controversy between the parties is in the matter of alleged adoption of the plaintiff Malchand by Nemichand deceased. The real question in controversy between the parties is in the matter of alleged adoption of the plaintiff Malchand by Nemichand deceased. If the amendment is allowed as has been done by the trial court, the entire basis of the suit would be changed and the new basis, which the defendant would have to meet, would be that the plaintiff and his wife Smt. Achuki have become the absolute owners of the entire suit property on the basis of a will alleged to have been executed by Nemichand deceased in their favour. Thus, the whole controversy between the parties would be altered and a new and distinct case will then be allowed to be introduced in the plaint by way of amendment. (Para 4) To displace the admissions made by the plaintiff in the original pleadings by means of amendment introducing a new and inconsistent case in the alternative can never be permitted. (Para 5). 43- ^^jkeflag oxSjk cuke lkeknsoh oxSjk** ,vkbZvkj 1988 ,pih ist 27 ds fofup; esa fuEu O;oLFkk nh xbZ gS%& ``Civil P.C. (5 of 1908), O. 6 R. 17- Transfer of Property Act (4 of 1882), S. 53 - Suit for possession - Defenant claiming ownership over disputed plot by way of adverse possession- Defendant by way of amendment sought to assert that he was real owner of house and plaintiff was mere benami sale in her favour being effected to defeat his creditors- Sale though fraudulent within meaning of Sec. 53 of T.P. Act, isvoidable at option of creditors so defeated or delayed- Defendant/transferor had no right to challenge validity of sale- Application for amendment liable for rejection. 44- lhihlh ds vknsk 6 fu;e 17 ds izko/kkuksa ij U;k;ky; dh uthjksa ,oa nksuksa i{kdkjksa ds rdksZ ds ifjis{; esa bl izdj.k dk ijh{k.k fd;k x;kA 45- izLrqr izdj.k esa ;g fookfnr ugha gS fd ftl vk;Z lekt eafnj ,oa tu lsok laLFkku ds rF;ksa ckcr izkFkhZ vius izkFkZuk i= ds tfj;s u;k iSjk 4¼d½ tqM+okuk pkgrk gS bu rF;ksa dh tkudkjh mls iwoZ esa gh Fkh vkSj tks izkFkhZ }kjk izLrqr fd;s x;s tokcnkos esa vfrfjDr dFku ds iSjk ua- 3 ds voyksdu ls Li"V gks tkrk gSA bl izdkj okn i= ,oa tokcnkos ds vk/kkj ij rufd;kr dk;e gks tkus vkSj okfn;k dh lk{; lekIr gksus ,oa izfroknh@izkFkhZ }kjk lk{; izLrqr djus dk le; pkgus ds ipkr~ izfroknh@izkFkhZ }kjk fnukad 19-11-85 dks lk{; izLrqr djus ds ctk; lhihlh ds vkWMZj 6 :y 17 ,oa vkWMZj 26 :y 9 d nks izkFkZuk i= izLrqr fd;sA lhihlh ds vkMZj 6 :y 17 ds izkFkZuk i= }kjk pkgs x;s lakks/ku ds rF; okn ds fopkj.k vkjEHk gksus ds iwoZ izkFkhZ ds tkudkjh esa Fks] blesa dksbZ lak; ugha gS ¼tSlk fd muls tokcnkos ds foks"k dFku ds iSjk 3 ls Li"V gS½ blfy, pkgs x;s lakks/ku dh btktr vknsk 6 fu;e 17 lhihlh ds ijUrqd ¼Proviso) ds rgr okn ds fopkj.k U;k;ky; ds vkjEHk gksus ds ipkr~ oS/kkfud :i ls ugha nh tk ldrhA izLrqr izdj.k esa okfn;k dk okn jktLo fjdkMZ esa fjdkMsZM [kkrsnkj ntZ gksus ds vk/kkj ij foHkktu dk gS vkSj bl okn esa okfn;k us vkjkth eqruktk [kljk ua- 339 jdck 0-53 gSDVs;j Hkwfe dk rdklek pkgk gSA fookfnr vkjkth dks vfoHkkftr lEifRRk crkrs gq, okfn;k }kjk Hkwfe ds fjdkMsZM [kkrsnkj gksus ds dkj.k izR;sd bap tehu ij dCtk crk;k gS vkSj jktLo jsdkMZ esa vk;Z lekt eafnj o tu lsok laLFkku dk uke ntZ ugha gksus dk dFku fd;k gS rFkk bl U;k;ky; ds le{k Hkh izfroknh@izkFkhZ ds vfHkHkk"kd mDr laLFkk dk uke jktLo jsdkMZ esa ntZ gksuk ugha crk lds gSa vkSj okn i= esa fd;s x;s vfHkopuksa ,oa tokcnkos ds vfHkopuksa ds vk/kkj ij rufd;kr dk;e gksdj oknhx.k dh lk{; iw.kZ gksus ds ipkr~ izkFkhZ vius tokcnkos ds foks"k dFkuksa esa vafdr rF;ksa dks nksgjkrs gq, tks lakks/ku pkg jgs gSa og okn ds okLrfod izuksa ds fuiVkjs ds fy, drbZ vko;d ugha gSaA cfYd izkFkhZ dk vknsk 6 fu;e 17 lhihlh ds rgr tokcnkok lakks/ku djkus dk izkFkZuk i= ln~Hkkouk iw.kZ ugha gS D;ksafd i=koyh esa okn izLrqr gksus ls ysdj vc rd dh vknsfkdkvksa ds voyksdu ls ;g Li"V gksrk gS fd izkFkhZ eqdnesa dks yEck djus dks mRlqd gSA gesa okn ds xq.kkoxq.k ij fopkj u dj dsoy pkgs x;s lakks/ku ds ckcr gh fopkj djuk gSA pkgk x;k lakks/ku u rks fof/k vuqlkj gS ugha ekuuh; U;k;ky;ksa ds fofup;ksa ds vk/kkj ij Lohdkj ;ksX; gS D;ksafd pkgk x;k lakks/ku ln~HkkoukiwoZd u gksdj izkFkhZ }kjk pkykdh ls okn ds fopkj.k dks yfEcr j[ks j[kus ,oa okn dks jktLo U;k;ky; ds {ks=kf/kdkj ls ckgj djus dh fu;r ls fd;k x;k izrhr gksrk gSA tokcnkos esa pkgs x;s lakks/ku ls izkFkhZ u dsoy u;s i{kdkjksa dks bl okn esa tqM+okuk pkgrk gS cfYd okn ds fopkj.k ds vkjaHk gksus ds iwoZ ds Kkr rF;ksa dks tqM+ok dj vlaxr rF;ksa dks lfEefyr djkdj okn ds okLrfod izu dks my>kdj mlesa :dkoV iSnk djuk pkgrk gS vkSj bu lakks/kuksa dks Lohdkj djkdj iqu% u;h rufd;kr dk;e djokdj iqu% lk{; gsrq okn dk ^^tSls Fks** vFkkZr~ vkjaHk dh fLFkfr esa igqapkuk pkgrk gS ftldh btktr U;k;ky; izkFkhZ dks ugha ns ldrhA fopkj.k U;k;ky; dh i=koyh dh vknsfkdk ds voyksdu ls izfroknh vius fyf[kr tokc ds lakks/ku }kjk izfroknh izkFkhZx.k okn dk tokc izLrqr djus ds iwoZ lhihlh ds vknsk 7 fu;e 11 dk izkFkZuk i= fnukad 2-7-03 dks izLrqr fd;k x;k ftls U;k;ky; }kjk lquokbZ ds ckn fnukad 22-12-03 dks fujLr fd;k x;kA rufd;kr dk;e gksus ds ckn ubZ rufd;kr esa tksM+s tkus dk izkFkZuk i= izLrqr fd;k x;k ftls fnukad 4-10-04 dks fujLr fd;k x;kA okfn;k ds lk{; lekIr gksdj izfroknh }kjk lk{; dk le; pkgk tkdj lhihlh ds vkMZj 6 fu;e 17 dk izkFkZuk i= ,oa vkMZj 26 :y 9 dk izkFkZuk i= izLrqr fd;k x;kA bl izdkj izfroknh ;su& dsu izdkjs.k bl okn ds fopkj.k dks vkxs c<+us ls jksdus ds iz;kl esa layXu fn[kkbZ iM+rk gS ,oa mldh vksj ls izLrqr fd;k x;k lhihlh ds vkMZj 6 :y 17 dk izkFkZuk i= u rks fof/k ds izko/kkuksa ds rgr vkSj ugha ekuuh; U;k;ky;ksa ds fofup;ksa esa izfrikfnr fl)kUrksa ds vuqlkj Lohdkj fd;s tkus ;ksX; gS vkSj fopkj.k U;k;ky; us izkFkhZ ds izkFkZuk i= dks fujLr djus esa fdlh izdkj ds {ks=kf/kdkj dh =qfV vFkok voS/kkfudrk o vfu;ferrk ugha dh gSA okn esa fopkj.k ij nsjh djus ds izkFkhZ ds iz;klksa dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, ge fopkj.k U;k;ky; dks ;g funsZk nsuk U;k;ksfpr le>rs gSaA bl okn dk vafre :i ls pkj ekg ds Hkhrj fuLrkj.k djsaA 46- mijksDr foospu ds ifj.kkeLo:i ;g fuxjkuh fujLr dh tkrh gSA mi [k.M vf/kdkjh fdkux<+okl ¼vyoj½ dk vknsk fnukad 21-1-06 ;Fkkor~ j[kk tkrk gSA fu.kZ; [kqys U;k;ky; esa lquk;k x;kA