Jheky] lnL;-&;g f}rh; vihy vUrxZr /kkjk 224 jktLFkku dkrdkjh vf/kfu;e] 1955 ¼ftls rRipkr~ la{ksi esa ^vf/kfu;e 1955* dgk tkosxk½ fo:) fu.kZ; ,oa fMØh Hkw izca/k vf/kdkjh ,oa insu jktLo vihy vf/kdkjh] dksVk fnukad 26-2-2003 ¼vihy la- 24@2002½ ds izLrqr dh xbZ gSA 2- okfn;k dapuckbZ us izfroknh /kuiky] rglhynkj fdkuxat o jktLFkku ljdkj ds fo:) ^vf/kfu;e 1955 dh /kkjk 53 ds vUrxZr ,d jktLo okn la-111@1999, mi ftyk dysDVj kkgkckn ds U;k;ky; esa xzke l[kjkonk rglhy fdkuxat ¼ckajk½ dh Hkwfe [kljk ua- 101 jdck 1 ch?kk 9 fcLok] [kljk ua- 108 jdck 12 ch?kk 18 fcLok] [kljk ua- 117 jdck 1 ch?kk 6 fcLok] [kljk ua- 159 jdck 1 ch?kk 10 fcLok ,oa [kljk ua- 363 jdck 8 ch?kk 12 fcLok dqy fdrk 5 dqy jdck 25 ch?kk 10 fcLok ,oa xzke ukYnh rglhy fdkuxat ¼ckajk½ dh Hkwfe [kljk ua- 105 jdck 8 ch?kk 3 fcLok ds lEcU/k esa fookn gS ¼mä Hkwfe dks vkxs pydj ^fooknxzLr Hkwfe* dgk tkosxk½ ds laca/k esa izLrqr dj nksuksa kkeykrh [kkrksa dh vkjkft;kr dks ikfjokfjd caVokjs ds vuqlkj ntZ dj fMØh iznku djus dk fuosnu fd;kA lEeu rkehy ds ipkr~ izfroknhx.k dh vksj ls dksbZ mifLFkr ugh gqvkA okfn;k us vius okn i= ds leFkZu esa nLrkosth lk{; ds vfrfjä Lo;a dk c;ku djok;kA fopkj.k U;k;ky; us muds fu.kZ; fnukad 21-4-2001 }kjk okfn;k ds nkos esa izkFkfed fMØh ikfjr dj nhA blds ipkr~ rglhynkj] fdkuxat ls foHkktu i= eaxokdj fnukad 7-12-2001 dks okfn;k dk okn vafUre :i ls fMØh dj fn;kA okfn;k@vihykFkhZ us fu.kZ; ,oa fMØh fnukad 7-12-2001 ls vizlUu gksdj Hkw izca/k vf/kdkjh ,oa insu jktLo vihy vf/kdkjh] dksVk ds le{k vihy la- 24@2002 izLrqr dh] ftls mUgksaus muds fu.kZ; fnukad 26-2-2003 }kjk vLohdkj dj nh rFkk fopkj.k U;k;ky; us fu.kZ; o fMØh dh iqf"V dj nhA mä fu.kZ; ,oa fMØh ls vizlUu gksdj vihykFkhZ@okfn;k us izuxr f}rh; vihy jktLo e.My jktLFkku] vtesj esa izLrqr dhA 3- i{kdkjksa ds fo}ku vf/koäkx.k dh cgl lquh xbZA 4- fo}ku vf/koäk vihykFkhZ dk dFku gS fd v/khuLFk U;k;ky; dk fu.kZ; o fMØh dkuwu o rF;ksa ds foijhr gksus ds dkj.k fujLruh; gSA fopkj.k U;k;ky; us o v/khuLFk vihyh; U;k;ky; us jktLFkku fVusalh ¼cksMZ vkWQ jsosU;w½ :Yl 1955 ds rgr caVokjs gsrq cuk, x, fu;e 18 ls 21 dh vksj dksbZ /;ku ugha fn;kA mä fu;eksa ds rgr ftl jdcs ij dksbZ O;fä iwoZ ls dkfct gks rks mldk foHkktu djrs le; og Hkwfe ml O;fä dks fn, tkus dk izko/kku gSA vihykFkhZ [kljk ua- 363 ij iwoZ ls dkfct gS] og mls fn;k tkuk pkfg, Fkk] [ksrksa ds VqdM+s ugha fd, tkus pkfg,A 5- fo}ku vf/koäk izR;FkhZ la-1 /kuiky dk dFku gS fd v/khuLFk U;k;ky; dk fu.kZ; fof/k ds izko/kkuksa ds vuqdwy gSA xzke ukYnh esa i{kdkjku~ dh lg [kkrsnkjh FkhA xzke ukYnh esa i{kdkjku ds lg [kkrsnkjh dh ,d gh [kljk uacj dh Hkwfe gS] ftldk foHkktu fopkj.k U;k;ky; us i{kdkjku ds e/; vk/kk vk/kk fd;k] tks loZFkk mfpr gSA xzke l[kjkonk dh kkeykrh Hkwfe esa ls vihykFkhZ dsk [kljk ua- 363 esa ls Hkh vk/kk fgLlk fn;k x;k gS] tks mfpr gSA 6- jkT; ljdkj dh vksj ls mifLFkr gksus okys fo}ku vf/koäk dk dFku gS fd jkT; ljdkj ds fo:) izuxr izdj.k esa dksbZ vuqrks"k ugha pkgk x;k gSa 7- geus i{kdkjksa ds fo}ku vf/koäkx.k dh cgl ij euu fd;k rFkk v/khuLFk U;k;ky;ksa dh i=kofy;ksa dk v/;;u fd;kA 8- jktLFkku fVusalh ¼cksMZ vkWQ jsosU;w½ fu;e 1955 ds fu;e 18 ls 21 tksr dk foHkktu lacaf/kr fl)kUrksa ls lacaf/kr gsa fu;e 18 ds izR;sd mi fu;e dks ^tgk¡ rd laHko gks* ;k ^;Fkk laHko gks* foks"kd kCn ls tksM+ x;k gS] bl okD;kak dk okLrfod vFkZ gS fd ewy :i ls bu mi fu;eksa dh ikyuk dh tkuh pkfg, tc rd fd fdlh fofk"V ifjfLFkfr esa budk vuqlj.k djuk laHko u gksa vFkkZr ;g foosdkf/kdkj gS u fd vfuok;Z :i ls budh ikyuk dh tkuh pkfg,A izuxr izdj.k esa i{kdkjksa ds e/; foHkktu dk okn Fkk rFkk nks xkWoksa esa tehu gS] ftUgsa v/khuLFk U;k;ky;ksa us nksuksa i{kdkjksa esa cjkcj ckaVdj vius foosdkf/kdkj dk mfpr mi;ksx fd;k gSA vihykFkhZ dk ;g dguk fd mls xzke ukYnh esa tkuk iM+sxk] bl dkj.k mls xzke l[kjkonk esa gh mlds fgLls dh lkjh tehu ns nh tk,] esa dksbZ lkj ugha gS] D;ksafd ;fn ,slk fd;k tkrk gS rks izR;FkhZ /kuiky dks Hkh xzke ukYnh o l[kjkonk nksuksa txg tkuk iM+sxk] D;ksafd l[kjkonk esa Hkh mlds fgLls dh tehu vkrh gSA v/khuLFk U;k;ky; us fof/k ds le{k lerk ds fl)kUr dks /;ku esa j[kdj vius foosdk/khu vf/kdkj dk mfpr iz;ksx fd;k gS] ftls euekuk ugha dgk tk ldrkA nksuksa i{kksa esa Hkwfe dks cjkcj ckaVk gS vFkkZr~ vihykFkhZ o izR;FkhZ /kuiky dk ^fooknxzLr Hkwfe* esa 1@2&1@2 fgLlk gSA Jhefr jkuh cuke fMIVh Mk;jsDVj vkWQ dUlksfyMsku cjslh ,.M vnlZ ,-vkbZ-vkj 1959 bykgckn i`"B 525 esa ekuuh; bykgckn mPp U;k;ky; us dgk gS fd %& "It is true that the petitioner is dissatisfied with these decisions but I have yet to meet a litigant who goes away satisfied with a decision which is against him. The fact that petitioner consdiers these decisions arbitrary is not enough. The Court has to consider whether the powers have been exercised in an arbitrary manner." vihykFkhZ us ,slk dksbZ vk/kkj ugha crk;k gS] ftlds dkj.k v/khuLFk U;k;ky; ds fu.kZ; o fMØh esa gLr{ksi fd;k tkosA mijksä foospu ds ifjizs{; esa ge vihykFkhZ dh vihy esa dksbZ lkj ugha ikrsA v/khuLFk U;k;ky; us vius vf/kdkj dk euekus :i ls iz;ksx ugha fd;k gSA 9- ifj.kkeLo:i vihykFkhZ dh vihy f