vjfoUn] lnL;-&;g fuxjkuh vUrxZr /kkjk 83@84 jktLFkku Hkw jktLo vf/kfu;e] 1956 ds rgr Hkw izcU/k vf/kdkjh ,oa insu jktLo vihy vf/kdkjh ¼ckM+esj- tSlyesj½ eq[;ky; tks/kiqj }kjk ikfjr fd;s x;s fu.kZ; fnukad 11-11-98 ds fo:) bl U;k;ky; esa izLrqr dh xbZ gSA 2- la{ksi esa rF; bl izdkj gS fd iVokjh gYdk esokuxj us izkFkhZ ds fo:) /kkjk 91 jktLFkku yS.M jsosU;w ,DV ds rgr uk;c rglhynkj ipinjk ds le{k fjiksVZ isk dj voxr djk;k fd izkFkhZ xSjlk;y us ekStk esokuxj ds [k-ua- 309] 244 o 219 ij uktk;t dCtk dj edkukr cukdj vfrØe.k fd;k gSA fjiksVZ izLrqr gksus ij rglhynkj ipinjk us ekeyk ntZ dj ckn tkap o ekSdk eqvk;uk dj [k-ua- 219] 309 ij izkFkhZ dk iqjkuk dCtk ekurs gq, fu;eu dh flQkfjk dh vkSj [k-ua- 244 jdck ikus rsjg ch?kk 1 fcLok xSj eqefdu HkS: cka/k ij izkFkhZ xSjlk;y dk vfrØe.k ekurs gq, vius fu.kZ; fnukad 8-8-86 }kjk izkFkhZ xSjlk;y dks vfrØfed ?kksf"kr djrs gq, izkFkhZ dks vfrØfed ?kksf"kr djrs gq, 143@& :- dk tqekZuk vkjksfir djrs gq, csn[ky djus ds vknsk ikfjr fd;sA bl vknsk ls vlarq"V gksdj izkFkhZ us ftyk dyDVj ckM+esj ds U;k;ky; esa vihy isk dh ftls mUgksaus vius fu.kZ; fnukad 19-5-87 ds }kjk Lohdkj dj [k-ua- 244 ls lEcfU/kr ikfjr vknsk fnukad 8-8-86 dks [kkfjt djrs gq, [k-ua- 309 o 219 dh Hkkafr gh [k-ua- 244 ij Hkh iqjkuk dCtk ekurs gq, rglhynkj ipinjk dks vknsk fn;k fd oknxzLr Hkwfe izkFkhZ ds gd esa fu;ekuqlkj fu;eu djus gsrq ekeyk fu;eu desVh ds le{k fopkjkFkz j[kus ds vknsk fn;sA rglhynkj ipinjk us vius vknsk fnukad 10-7-87 dks tfj;s ekeyk fu;eu desVh ds le{k okLrs fu;eu izsf"kr fd;k ftl ij Hkwfe vkoaVu lykgdkj lfefr us fnukad 21-11-87 dks ;g vknsk fn;k fd mä rhuksa Hkw[k.M vFkkZr~ [k-ua- 219] 244 o 309 dkr ;ksX; ugha gSA vr% jktLFkku Hkw jktLo ¼,ykVesUV vkWQ yS.M Qksj ,xzhdYpj izit½ fu;e] 1970 ds rgr fu;eu ;ksX; ugh gSA bl vknsk ds lkFk fu;eu izkFkZuk i= vLohdkj dj ewy i=koyh rglhynkj ipinjk dks ykSVk nhA bl fnukad 21-11-87 ds vknsk ds fo:) jktLo vihy vf/kdkjh f}rh; tks/kiqj ds U;k;ky; esa vihy izLrqr dh ftls mUgksaus vius fu.kZ; fnukad 12-10-88 ds }kjk Lohdkj dj vkoaVu lykgdkj lfefr ds vknsk fnukad 21-11-87 dks fujLr dj fn;k ,oa vknsk fn;k fd izkFkhZ ds gd esa [k-ua- 309] 244 o 219 dh lEiw.kZ vkjkth okds esokuxj vkoafVr dh tkos vkSj jktLo fjdkMZ esa bldk bUnzkt fd;k tkosA bl fu.kZ; fnukad 12-10-88 ds fo:) ,d fjO;q gqvk ftlesa vknsk fnukad 9-4-90 ds }kjk iwoZ ds vknsk dks rks cgky j[kk ysfdu fookfnr [ljk uEcjku dk jdck de dj fn;kA Hkw izcU/k vf/kdkjh ,oa insu jktLo vihy vf/kdkjh ¼ckM+esj-tSlyeSj½ eq- tks/kiqj ds U;k;ky; esa ljdkj dh vksjls fjO;w vkosnu i= izLrqr fd;k ftls mUgksaus vius fu.kZ; fnukad 11-11-98 ds }kjk Lohdkj fd;k ,oa fu.kZ; fnukad 12-10-88 dks [kkfjt fd;k ,oa vkoaVu lykgdkj lfefr ds fu.kZ; fnukad 21-11-87 dks cgky j[kk rFkk lkFk gh ;g vknsk Hkh fn;k fd ;fn iwoZ fu.kZ; ds izHkko ls jktLo vfHkys[kksa esa dksbZ bUnzkt fd;k x;k gks rks rglhynkj] ipinjk dks funsZk fn;s tkrs gS fd os jktLo vfHkys[kksa esa bl fu.kZ; ds iwoZ dh fLFkfr dks iqu% LFkkfir djsA bl fu.kZ; fnukad 11-11-98 ds fo:) ;g fuxjkuh bl U;k;ky; esa izLrqr dh xbZ gSA 3- nksuksa i{kksa ds fo}ku vfHkHkk"kdx.k dh cgl fuxjkuh ij lquhA 4- fo}ku vfHkHkk"kd izkFkhZ us fuxjkuh esa vafdr rF;ksa dks nksgjkrs gq, dFku fd;k fd fo}ku jktLo vihy vf/kdkjh dk fu.kZ; U;k;] fu;e ,oa fjdkMZ ds foijhr gksus ls fujLruh; gSA jktLo vihy vf/kdkjh ds le{k muds vknsk fnukad 12-10-98 dk fjO;q izkFkZuk i= fnukad 26-12-97 dks izLrqr fd;k x;k Fkk tks yxHkx 8 lky 14 fnol fe;kn ckgj gksus ls /kkjk 5 fe;kn vf/kfu;e dk izkFkZuk i= esUVsuscy ugha Fkk ftls fe;kn esa ekuus esa dkuwuh Hkwy dh gSA mudk dFku gS fd jktLo vihy vf/kdkjh ds le{k tks /kkjk 5 fe;kn ds lEcU/k esa kiFk i= izLrqr fd;k x;k Fkk og ,d kiFk i= u gksdj ,d lkns dkxt ij fy[kk x;k Fkk ftls dkuwu dh n`f"V esa kiFk i= izLrqr fd;k x;k Fkk og ,d kiFk i= u gksdj ,d lkns dkxt ij fy[kk x;k Fkk ftls dkuwu dh n`f"V esa kiFk i= ugha ekuk tk ldrkA blds vykok rglhynkj }kjk /kkjk 5 fe;kn ds lEcU/k esa tks nsjh ls fjO;w izk- i= izLrqr djus ds tks dkj.k crk;s gS muesa vdky] ck<+] pquko] dkuwuh O;oLFkk tSls dkj.k crk;s gS tks ekuus ;ksX; ugha gSA kiFk i= dk lR;kiu uksVsjh }kjk Hkh ugha djk;k x;k gSA mudk dFku gS fd jktLo vihy vf/kdkjh dk fnukad 12-10-88 dk fu.kZ; muds fu.kZ; fnukad 9-4-90 esa etZ gks x;k Fkk vr% 12-10-88 ds fu.kZ; ds fo:) utjlkuh iks"k.kh; ugha FkhA jktLo vihy vf/kdkjh us ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; }kjk izfrikfnr U;kf;d fl)kUr 1995 ,vkbZvkj lqizhe dksVZ 455 dh ikyuk ugha dh gSA vr% ;g fuxjkuh Lohdkj dh tkdj jktlo vihy vf/kdkjh dk fu.kZ; fujLr fd;k tkosA 5- mi jktdh; vfHkHkk"kd us fuxjk/khu vknsk dks fof/klEer crkrs gq;s fuxjkuh [kkfjt djus dh bLnqvk dhA mudk dFku gS fd fo}ku jktlo vihy vf/kdkjh dk fu.kZ; fnukad 22-10-88 ,oa fu.kZ; fnukad 9-4-90 izkjEHk ls izHkkokwU; gS D;ksafd fookfnr Hkwfe ds ckcr~ rglhynkj dh fjiksVZ gS fd Hkwfe dkr ;ksX; ugha gS rFkk —f"k Hkwfe vkoaVu fu;e 1970 ds rgr Hkwfe vkoaVu ;ksX; ugha FkhA Jh ukdksMk rhFkZ uk rks ln~Hkkoh dkrdkj gS vkSj uk Hkwfeghu —"kd gS vkSj uk —f"k dtnwj gS rFkk bU; fdlh ,slh Js.kh esa ugha vkrs ftlls Jh ukdksM+k rhFkZ dks —f"k Hkwfe vkoaVu fu;e] 1970 ds rgr Hkwfe vkoaVu dh tk ldsA vkoaVu o fu;eu ds vknsk ,-vkbZ-vkj- 1954 lqizhe dksVZ 340 ds vuqlkj izkjEHk ls izHkkokwU; gS vkSj ,sls fcuk vf/kdkfjrk ds ikfjr fd;s x;s vknsk dHkh Hkh jí fd;s tk ldrs gSA muesa fe;kn dk fcUnw ykxw ugha gSA 6- geus mHk; i{k ds fo}ku vfHkHkk"kdx.k dh cgl ij euu fd;k ,oa i=koyh dk voyksdu fd;kA 7- bl ekeys esa fo}ku vfHkHkk"kdx.k dks lquus ,oa jsdkMZ dk voyksdu djus ds ckn fLFkfr bl izdkj curh gS fd fo}ku jktLo vihy vf/kdkjh dk tks igys dk fu.kZ; gS og izkjEHk ls gh izHkkokwU; gSA D;ksafd tks vknsk mUgksaus fnukad 12-10-88 dks fn;k gS og vknsk nsus dk mudks vf/kdkj ugha FkkA fo}ku jktLo vihy vf/kdkjh us tks fjO;w fnukad 11-11-88 dks og fjO;q Hkh vf/kdkj {ks= ls ckgj gSA D;ksafd jktLo vihy vf/kdkjh dks bl ekeys esa dksbZ vf/kdkj ugha gSA vkoaVu lykgdkj lfefr tc fu.kZ; ysrh gS mlesa dsoy —f"k Hkwfe ds ckcr~ fo}ku jktLo vihy vf/kdkjh dks vf/kdkj {ks= Fkk ysfdu fookfnr Hkwfe ds ckcr~ dksbZ vf/kdkj {ks= ugha FkkA ysfdu Jh tSu osrkEcj ukdksMk rhFkZ dks tks ln~Hkkoh —"kd ugha gS vkSj u gh Hkwfeghu dh Js.kh esa fxuk tk ldrk gS vkSj u gh —f"k Hkwfe ds fy;s vkoaVu fu;eksa ds rgr fdlh VªLV dks vkoaVu dk izko/kku gh gS rFkk fookfnr Hkwfe —f"k ;ksX; Hkwfe ugha gSA vr% fcuk fdlh dkuwuh izko/kku ds fd;k x;k vkoaVu vkSj fu;eu vf/kdkj {ks= ls ckgj tkdj fd;k x;k gS tks xSj dkuwuh gS vkSj tc cscqfu;kn fu.kZ; gS tks u dsoy fof/k fo:) gS cfYd vf/kdkj {ks= ls ckgj gSA bl izdkj ;g ekeyk Li"V :i ls ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; }kjk izfrikfnr fl)kUr ,-vkbZ-vkj- 1954 ist 340 ls doj gksrk gS tks fuEu izdkj gS& (a) Civil P.C. (1908), Ss. 9, 21 — Decree passed without jurisidction is nullity. It is a fundamental principle that a decree passed by a Court without jurisdiction is a nullity and that its invalidity could be set up whenever and whenver it is sought to be enforced or relied upon, even at the stage of execution and even in collateral proceedings. A defect of jurisdiction, whether it is a pecuniary or territorial, or whether it is in respect of the subject matter of the action, strikes at the very authority of the Court to pass any decree, and such a defect cannot be cured even by consent of parties. A defect of jurisdiction, whether it is a pecuniary or territorial, or whether it is in respect of the subject matter of the action, strikes at the very authority of the Court to pass any decree, and such a defect cannot be cured even by consent of parties. bl ekeys esa vkoaVu o fu;eu vkJe LFky] /keZkkyk vkfn Hkou cukus ds fy, ekaxk x;k gSA —f"k Hkwfe ds fy;s vkoaVu fu;e 1970 ln~Hkkoh dkrdkjksa dks —f"k Hkwfe esa yxs etnwjksa ds fy;s Hkwfe vkoaVu ds fy;s fu;e cus gS ;g fu;e fdlh efUnj vFkok VªLV dks vkoaVu ds fy;s ugha gS pkgs og efUnj dk VªLV gks pkgs /kkfeZd laLFkk dk VªLV gksA ;g U;k;ky; bl ckr dk fojks/kh ugha gS fd Jh tSu osrkEcj ukdksMk rhFkZ dks tehu ugha feys ysfdu ftu fu;eksa ds rgr tehu feyuh pkfg;s og izfØ;k bl ekeys esa ugha viukbZ xbZA nksuksa fo}ku jktLo vihy vf/kdkfj;ksa us ftl izdkj fu.kZ; fn;k gS og vius vki esa izkjEHk ls gh izHkkokwU; gS D;ksafd vf/kdkj {ks= ls ckgj gS rFkk fof/k fo:) gSA 8- bl ekeysa esa fo}ku vfHkHkk"kd izkFkhZ dh bl nyhy ls ge lger gS fd bl U;k;ky; dks izkIr vUrfufgZr kfä;ksa ds rgr ;g vknsk iznku fd;k tkos ftlls ;g VªLV bl rjg dk mik; dj lds ftlls jkT; ljdkj ls fof/kd vkoaVu ds fy;s dk;Zokgh dh tk lds vkSj rc rd v/khuLFk U;k;ky;ksa dks ikcUn fd;k tkos fd os bl ekeys esa efUnj dh tks dCts dh Hkwfe gS mlesa fdlh rjg dh enk[kyr ugha djsaA 9- VªLV dh xfrfof/k;kW vkSj bl laLFkk ds mís; rFkk vkLFkk ,oa lsok ds mís;ks ds fgr dks /;ku esa j[krs gq;s rFkk /kkfeZd Hkkoukvksa dk vknj djrs gq;s ;g vknsk nsuk mfpr le>rs gS fd v/khuLFk vf/kdkfj;ksa dks bl ckr ds fy;s ikcUn fd;k tkrk gS fd og de ls de N% ekg dh vof/k rd bl ckr ds fy;s ekSgyr nh tkos fd os jkT; ljdkj ls fof/kor~ mijksä mís; fd fy;s Hkwfe vkoaVu djokus ds fy, VªLV dks ekSdk fn;k tkos vkSj rc rd fnukad 9-9-90 ds fu.kZ; esa of.kZr VªLV ds dCts dh Hkwfe ls VªLV dks csn[ky ugha fd;k tkosA 10- mijksäkuqlkj ;g fuxjkuh mijksä krksZ ds v/khu vLohdkj dh tkrh gSA fu.kZ; [kqys U;k;ky; esa lquk;k x;kA