vkj-,l- vxzokj] lnL;-&;g nksuksa vihysa jktLo vihy izkf/kdkjh] dksVk ds vihy fMØh@852@86 ,oa vihy@917@86@dksVk esa ikfjr fu.kZ; fnukad 11-7-91 ds fo:) jktLFkku dk'rdkjh vf/kfu;e] 1955 ¼la{ksi esa vf/kfu;e½ dh /kkjk 225 ds vUrxZr izLrqr dh xbZ gSA nksuksa vihyksa dk fu.kZ; ,d lkFk fd;k tk jgk gSA fu.kZ; dh ,d-,d izfr lacaf/kr vihy ds lkFk layXu dh tkosaA 2- bl izdj.k ds la{ksi esa rF; bl izdkj ls gS fd U;k;ky; mi ftyk dysDVj] 'kkgckn }kjk okn izdj.k la[;k 208@85 nkok vUrxZr /kkjk 53 vf/kfu;e esa ikfjr fu.kkZ;d vkKk fnukad 31-7-86 ,oa rnuqlkj tkjh izkjfEHkd fMØh dh vizlUurk ls jsLiks- X;kjlh yky us vihy la[;k 852@86 rFkk tkjh Qkbuy fMØh ds fo:) vihy la[;k 917@86 v/khuLFk vihyh; U;k;ky; jktLo vihy vf/kdkjh dksVk ds le{k izLrqr dhA fo}ku v/khuLFk vihyh; U;k;ky; ds mDr nksuksa vihyksa esa mHk; i{k dh lquokbZ ds i'pkr ikfjr ,dy fu.kZ; fnukad 11-7-91 ds fo:) orZeku vihykFkhZx.k }kjk mDr nksuksa vihysa e.My esa is'k dh x;hA 3- izLrqr vihy ij mHk; i{k ds fo}ku vfHkHkk"kdx.k dh cgl lquh xbZ ,oa i=koyh o miyC/k jsdkMZ dk voyksdu fd;k x;kA 4- fo}ku vfHkHkk"kd vihyk.V dk dFku gS fd izdj.k esa fo}ku jktLo vihy vf/kdkjh }kjk ikfjr fu.kZ; fnukad 11-7-91 vkns'k 41 fu;e 24 ,oa 31 tkIrk nhokuh ds izko/kkuksa ds foijhr gSA izdj.k esa leLr rF; ,oa lk{; v/khuLFk vihyh; U;k;ky; ds le{k miyC/k FksA vr% ,slh fLFkfr esa mUgsa izdj.k fopkj.k U;k;ky; dks izfr izsf"kr uk dj Lo;a gh fu.kZ; djuk pkfg;s ysfdu mUgksaus ,slk uk dj egRoiw.kZ ,oa fof/kd =qfV dh gSA fookfnr Hkwfe vihykFkhZx.k ds firk Jh y{e.k th ds gkFkksa iqLrSuh Hkwfe FkhaA ftldh mUgksaus vius thoudky esa dksbZ olh;r ugha dh iqLrSuh tk;nkn dh os olh;r dj Hkh ugha ldrs FksA rFkkdfFkr bdjkjukek ls jsLiks- X;kjlh yky dks dksbZ gd o vf/kdkjh ugha feyrkA bdjkjukek ls jsLiks- ;g lkfcr djuk pkgrk gS fd mlus dksbZ 3000@& :i;s ikfjokfjd dk;Z ds O;; fd;s Fks] ftldks lkfcr djus dk Hkkj jsLiks- ij Fkk fd oks lkfcr djrk fd fdl dk;Z ds fy, o dc mlus ikfjokfjd dk;Z esa mDr jde [kpZ dh ,oa ,slk Fkk rks og mldh jde nkok djds olwy dj ldrk FkkA tehu ij mldk dksbZ gd ugha curk gSA mls firk dh Hkwfe esa fgUnq mRrjkf/kdkj vf/kfu;e ds rgr 1@3 fgLlk gh feyrk gS] blls vf/kd ughaA Lo;a jsLiks- us jktLo vihy vf/kdkjh ds le{k ;g Lohdkj fd;k Fkk fd og 3000@& :i;s ysus dk gh gdnkj gSA fo}ku jktLo vihy vf/kdkjh us vihykFkhZx.k ds mtjkrksa dks lqus fcuk ,oa foospuk fd;s fcuk fof/k fo:) vihyk/khu fu.kZ; ikfjr fd;k gS tks dkfcy fujLruh; gSA 5- fo}ku vfHkHkk"kd jsLiksMsUV la[;k 1 dk dFku gS fd izdj.k esa fo}ku jktLo vihy vf/kdkjh us U;k;] fu;e ,oa fjdkMZ ds vuq:i fu.kZ; ikfjr fd;k gS tks iw.kZr% Li"V rFkk Lofoosfpr gSA fo}ku jktLo vihy izkf/kdkjh us izdj.k dks fopkj.k U;k;ky; dks fjek.M fd;k gS tgka vihykFkhZ viuk i{k HkyhHkkafr izLrqr dj ldrs gSaA izR;FkhZ jsLiks- ds gd esa fookfnr Hkwfe ds ckcr firk y{e.k }kjk olh;r dh x;h gSA 6- cgl ds nkSjku fo}ku vfHkHkk"kdx.k }kjk izLrqr rdksZ ij euu fd;k x;k ,oa i=koyh dk voyksdu fd;kA 7- iz'uxr vihy esa egRoiw.kZ fopkj.kh; fcUnq ;g gS fd D;k jktLo vihy izkf/kdkjh] dksVk }kjk fopkj.k U;k;ky; ds fu.kZ; ,oa fMØh dks vikLr dj izdj.k fopkj.k U;k;ky; dks izfr izsf"kr djus ckcr ikfjr vihyk/khu fu.kZ; fof/klEer gS vFkok ughaA bl fcUnq ds fu.kZ; gsrq vkns'k 41 fu;e 23 yxk;r 26 , ds izko/kku egRoiw.kZ gSA ekuuh; mPp U;k;ky; us vkns'k 41 fu;e 23 yxk;r 26-, dh O;k[;k djrs gq, izdj.k eq- ijh o vU; cuke vkse izdk'k 2007¼1½ vkjvkjVh ist 385 fu.kZ; ds iSjk 8 esa fy[kk gS fd%& "A holistic reading of these provisions clearly reveal that the Appellate Court has the same powers and can perform, as nearly as may be, the same duties as are conferred and imposed by the Code on the Courts of original jurisdiction. Moreover, it has ample power to re-frame issues and to take additional evidence on those issue and decide the case at the appellate stage itself. The power to remand a case back to the trial Court is, of course a vast power. However, the more vast the power, the more sparingly it should be issued. Therefore, cases should not be remanded back to the trial Court in a routine and mechanical manner. If there is sufficient evidence for the Appellate Court to pronounce the judgment even if it resettles the issues, it is for the Court to finally determine the suit. While resetting the issues, under Order 41 Rule 27 and 28, the Appellate Court has sufficient power to take additional evidence at the appellate stage. Since power exists the Appellate Court should exercise the said power. In case the trial Court has omitted to frame or to try any issues or to determine any question of fact, which appears to the Appellate Court to be essential for the right decision of the case or suit, the Appellate Court can frame these issues, refer them to the trial Court and direct the Court to take additional evidence. But such direction must also provide the time bound frame within which the evidence should be recorded. Once the evidence is recorded, such evidence should be returned back to the Appellate Court, for the Appellate Court to decide the case. Since the Appellate Court is presided by the District Judge, a Judge who has vast experience and knowledge, he is expected to invoke the power; under Order 41, Rule 24 and 25 CPC in the first instance. It is only in the rarest of the rare case that he is expected to invoke his power under Order 41 Rule 23 and 23-A. mDr fu.kZ; ds iSjk 9 esa ;g Hkh fy[kk gS fd%& "The remanding of a case leads to serious consequence: the litigant is forced to run from pillar to pose and from Court to Court, trying to protect his interest. The strife and the disputes between the parties are kept alive. The function of the judiciary as social engineers is to resolve the disputes as so as possible. Therefore, the Appellate Court must be circumspect in remanding a case back to the trial Court. By prolonging a litigation, it becomes a classic case of "justice delays is justice denied". The strife and the disputes between the parties are kept alive. The function of the judiciary as social engineers is to resolve the disputes as so as possible. Therefore, the Appellate Court must be circumspect in remanding a case back to the trial Court. By prolonging a litigation, it becomes a classic case of "justice delays is justice denied". Moreover, the endless years of litigation take its toll on peoples' patience and shakes their faith in the judiciary as a institution. Moreover, invariably the remand of a case forces the people to rush to the High Court against the remand order. Because of the omission committed by the Appellate Court in deciding the cases while invoking its power under Order 41 Rule 24 and 25, the dockets of the High Court are flooded with miscellaneous appeals. Thus, the first appellate Court has unburdened itself, while burdening the trial Court and the High Court. The First Appellate Court is expected to perform its duties and to invoke the power given under the Code, rather than passing the buck back to the trial Court and triggering off miscellaneous appeals for the High Court. The very foundation of the judiciary is the faith of the people. Therefore, we cannot afford the luxury of damaging the people's faith in this institution. Every judicial officer has to endeavor to resolve the dispute in the shortest time but this goal can never be achieved if the file is being passed back and fort to the trial Court and the Appellate Court and the vice versa. The Hon'ble Supreme Court in the case of Bechan Pandy & Ors. vs. Dulhiln Janki Devi & Ors., AIR 1976 SC 866 has deprecated the tendency to remand cases back to the trial Court. Therefore, this tendency should be curbed immediately. The Hon'ble Supreme Court has held as under:- To remand a suit to the trial Court would necessarily have the effect of keeping alive the strife between the parties and prolonging this long drawn litigation by another round of legal battle in the trial Court and thereafter in appeal. It is time, that the final curtain is drawn and the long meandering course of litigation between the parties is put an end to. It is time, that the final curtain is drawn and the long meandering course of litigation between the parties is put an end to. The Courts should be loath to entertain a plea, which would have the effect of condemning succeeding generation of families to spend major part of their lives in the protracted litigation. ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; ,oa ekuuh; mPp U;k;ky; }kjk izfrikfnr mDr fl)kUrksa ds izdk'k esa fo}ku jktLo vihy izkf/kdkjh ds }kjk ikfjr vihyk/khu fu.kZ; fnukad 11-7-91 dk /;kuiwoZd ijh{k.k djus ij ;g Li"V gS fd fo}ku vihyh; U;k;ky; us izdj.k dk i{kdkjksa ds e/; vihy dk vius Lrj ij fu.kZ; uk dj vuko';d :i ls fopkj.k U;k;ky; dks iqu% fu.kZ; gsrq izfr izsf"kr fd;k gSA fo}ku vihyh; U;k;ky; dks muds le{k miyC/k fjdkMZ] lk{; ,oa i{kdkjku }kjk lquokbZ ds nkSjku izLrqr rF;ksa ,oa rdksZ dk e/; utj j[krs gq, muds le{k fopkjk/khu vihyksa dk fof/klEer fuLrkj.k vius Lrj ij djuk pkfg;s FkkA fdUrq mUgksaus ,slk ugha dj izdj.k dks fopkj.k U;k;ky; dks fjek.M djus ckcr tks vLi"V ,oa vfoosfpr vihyk/khu fu.kZ; ikfjr fd;k gS og fof/kd n`f"V ls mfpr ugha ekuk tk ldrkA vr% ,slh fLFkfr esa iz'uxr vihy esa fo}ku jktLo vihy izkf/kdkjh }kjk ikfjr vihyk/khu fu.kZ; fof/k fo:) gksus ds dkj.k dkfcy fujLruh; gSA 8- QyLo:i vihykaV }kjk izLrqr nksuksa vihysa vkaf'kd :i ls Lohdkj dh tkrh gS rFkk jktLo vihy izkf/kdkjh] dksVk }kjk ikfjr vihyk/khu fu.kZ; fnukad 11-7-91 fujLr fd;k tkrk gSA izdj.k jktLo vihy izkf/kdkjh] dksVk dks bl funsZ'k ds lkFk izfr izsf"kr fd;s tkrs gSa fd izdj.k esa mHk; i{k dh lquokbZ dj muds le{k miyC/k fjdkMZ ,oa lk{; dks e/;s utj j[krs gq, izdj.kksa esa fof/klEer fu.kZ; ;Fkk'kh?kz ikfjr djsaA i{kdjku dks ikcUn fd;k tkrk gS fd os U;k;ky; jktLo vihy izkf/kdkjh] dksVk ds le{k fnukad 28-4-2009 dks mifLFkr gksosaA fu.kZ; [kqys U;k;ky; esa lquk;k x;kA