Hon'ble KOTHARI, J.— vihykFkhZ jkts'k ,oa vU; dh vksj ls ;g flfoy f}rh; vihy flfoy U;k;k/kh'k ¼dfu"B [k.M½ O;koj ds fu.kZ; fnukad 18-12-2006 rFkk blds fo:) izLrqr vihy esa mä fu"d"kZ dks iq"V djus ds izFke vihyh; U;k;ky; vij ftyk ,oa ls'ku U;k;k/kh'k ¼QkLV Vªsd½ la[;k 2] C;koj ds fu.kZ; fnukad 27-7-2009 ls O;fFkr gksdj izLrqr dh x;h gSA 2- laf{kIr rF; ,oa i`"BHkqfe bl izdkj gS fd oknh iwuepUn us fnukad 8-3-2000 dks fopkj.k U;k;ky; esa ,d okn cdk;k fdjk;k olwyh ,oa viuh nqdku ls izfroknhx.k ds fu"dklu gsrq bl vk'k; dk izLrqr fd;k fd VkMx<+ jksM+ C;koj esa okn i= esa of.kZr ,d tk;nkn uxj ifj"kn ds u;s ua-5 o edku ua- 50 ds :i esa gSA blds dqN Hkkx dks oknh us ijegal vkJe VªLV ls fnukad 20-8-99 dks jftLVMZ foØ; i= ls [kjhnkA bl tk;nkj ds if'pe dh rjQ dh nqdku ij eSllZ xkxu lkbZfdy LVksj iwoZ edku ekfyd dk fdjk;snkj Fkk ftldks oknh dks mä foØ; i= ds }kjk cspku dh x;h bekjr ds cslesaV dk ,d fgLlk Hkh fdjk;s ij fn;k gqvk FkkA bl cslesaV dh nqdku dks izfroknhx.k us xksnke cuk j[kk gS vkSj ewy fdjk;snkj xkxunkl dh e`R;q ds i'pkr~ mlds iq=ku~ izfroknhx.k blesa fdjk;snkj gSA oknh pkgrk gS fd ;g cslesaV dk ,fj;k izfroknhx.k ls [kkyh djk o blesa viuh gn rd nhokj [kM+h djds viuh [kjhn dh x;h vU; nqdkuksa esa vken jQr gsrq jkLrk fudky ysA cslesaV dh ;g nqdku ftldk fooj.k okn i= ds iSjk la[;k 4 esa gS] dk fdjk;k 20@& ekfyd gS tks blds }kjk tk;nkn [kjhn dh lwpuk ,oa iwoZ ekfyd }kjk ,VkujZes.V ysVj oknh dks fn;s tkus ds ckotwn vnk djus esa izfroknhx.k ykijokgh jgs gSaA vkSj fdjk;k vnk;xh esa fMQkYV fd;k gSA oknxzLr cslesaV ,fj;k oknh dks vius gksVy iIiw jsLVksjsaV ds fy, iRFkj] dks;yk ,oa ydM+h j[kus o bUgsa LVksj djus gsrq xksnke ds :i esa l[r vko';drk gS D;ksafd cjlkr esa T;knkrj dks;yk o ydM+h xhys gks tkrs gS vkSj lhtu esa lgh dks;yk o ydM+h ugha fey ikrsA oknh ds ikl bUgsa j[kus gsrq vU; dksbZ txg ugha gksus ds dkj.k vR;f/kd dfBukbZ dk lkeuk djuk iM+ jgk gSA izfroknhx.k dks pkaxfprkj jksM+ ij vU; xksnke Hkh miyC/k gS] vr% ;g cslesaV okyh fdjk;s'kqnk nqdku izfroknhx.k ls [kkyh djk bls dCtk lEHkykus dh fMØh e; e/;orhZ ykHk ds ikfjr dh tk,A 3- blds mÙkj esa izfroknhx.k us vafdr fd;k gS fd izfroknhx.k ds dCts esa ijegal vkJe VªLV esa fdjk;snkj dh gSfl;r ls ,d nqdku] Åij dh nks dksBfj;ka rFkk ,d cslesaV oknh dh [kjhn'kqnk nqdku ds Åij gS vkSj rhuksa dh fdjk;snkjh vyx vyx gSA cslesaV dk jkLrk Hkh izfroknh dh fdjk;s'kqnk nqdku esa ls gksdj gh gSA izfroknhx.k us fdjk;s dh vnk;xh esa dHkh vfu;ferrk ugha dh gSA oknh dh nqdku gksVy iIiw jsLVksjsUV rhu eaftyk cuk gqvk gS ftldk {ks=Qy i;kZIr gSA blesa oknh dk [kjhn 'kqnk vf/kdka'k fgLlk o Åij dh eaftysa [kkyh iM+h gSA oknh us rhljh eafty ij Hkh dks;yk] ydM+h o vU; oLrq,a LVkWd djus ds fy, cM+k xksnke cuk j[kk gS tks [kkyh iM+k gSA cslesaV [kkyh u gksus ls oknh dks dksbZ dfBukbZ ugha gksxh tc fd izfroknhx.k ds ikl tks nqdku rFkk Åij ds dksBs gSa] os muds lkbfdy O;olk; rFkk lkbfdy ds lkeku j[kus ds fy, fcYdqy vi;kZIr gSaA pkax fprkj jksM ij budk dksbZ xksnke ugha gSA oknh us fookfnr nqdku [kjhnus ds fnu gh vU; fdjk;snkjksa ij Hkh fdjk;k c<+kus dk ncko Mkyk vkSj u c<+kus ij >waBs nkos fd;s gSa] tks fopkjk/khu gSaA 4- fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk mHk; i{kksa ds vfHkopuksa ds vk/kkj ij dqy 9 fook|d fojfpr fd;s x;sA oknh dh vksj ls lk{; esa vius deZpkjh ih-MCY;w-2 txnh'kizlkn dks ijhf{kr djkrs gq, cspkuukek izn'kZ 1, iznf'kZr djk;k x;kA izfroknhx.k dh vksj ls izfroknh la[;k 1 jkts'k Lo;a is'k gqvk gS vkSj Mh-MCY;w-2 pUnzizdk'k dks ijhf{kr djk;kA izn'kZ ,-1 yxk;r ,-11 nLrkostkr Hkh iznf'kZr djk;s x;sA 5- fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk bu lc ij fopkj dj nksuksa i{kksa dh cgl lqu ;g mYys[k fd;k x;k fd izfroknh jkts'k us U;k;ky; esa dFku fd;k gS fd buds ikl oknh dk tks rg[kkuk gS] mlesa nqdku dk vkWfQl cuk gqvk gS ftlesa Vsfcy Qsu] VkbijkbVj o dqflZ;ka j[kh gqbZ gS vkSj ckgj ls vkus okys ,tsUV blesa cSBrs gSaA i= O;ogkj dk dk;Z Hkh ;gha cSBdj fd;k tkrk gSA eq[; nqdku esa rks lkbfdy dk O;olk; gS tgka mä vkWfQl yxkus o mä dk;Z dks djus ds fy, txg ugha gS D;ksafd lkbfdy O;olk; ls budk VuZvkWoj 10-12 yk[k :i;s dk gSA ;gh dFku Mh-MCY;w-2 pUnzizdk'k dk jgk gS fd izfroknhx.k rFkk buds ,tsUV ds chp xqIr okrkZyki vkWfQl esa gksrh gS fdUrq D;k ckrs gksrh gSa] bls ugha ekyweA izfroknhx.k ds bl lk{kh dk ftjg esa ;g Hkh dFku jgk gS fd oknxzLr cslesaV esa izfroknhx.k dk vVkyk iM+k gqvk gSA izfroknh jkts'k us izfrijh{kk esa Lohdkj fd;k gS fd ftl nqdku esa ;g O;olk; djrk gS] mlesa nks dksBfM;ka gS] ftuesa nqdku dk lkeku iM+k gqvk gSA nksuksa dksBfM+;ksa esa ykV o ikuh dh O;oLFkk ugha gS fdUrq ;fn ;g pkgs rks fctyh o ikuh dh O;oLFkk gks ldrh gSA blls U;k;ky; us ;g ekuk fd izfroknhx.k ;fn pkgsa rks vkWfQl ds fy, bu nksa dksBfM+;ksa dk mi;ksx dj ldrs gSa vkSj bl izdkj izfroknhx.k ds ikl oSdfYid rkSj ij ifjlj miyC/k gSA 6- U;k;ky; us oknh dh vko';drk ds lEcU/k esa ;g ekuk fd oknh ds vuqlkj og iIiw jsLVksjsaV ds uke ls gksVy pykrk gS ftlds fy, ydM+h o dks;yk ,oa gksVy dk lkeku j[kus ds fy, oknxzLr cslesaV dh mls vko';drk gSA dks;yk o ydM+h gksVy esa tykus ds dke esa vkrs gSa ftudks j[kus ds fy, mlds ikl dksbZ LFkku ugha gSAnqdku ds Åij dksBM+h cuh gqbZ gS rFkk [kqyh Nr gSA bl dksVMh esa oknh us rsy] dks;yk ,oa B.Ms is; inkFkZ ds dSjsV j[kuk crk;k gSA mlds vuqlkj gksVy O;olk; gsrq mls 5-7 fDoaVy ydM+h o dks;yk j[kuk gksrk gSA xSl flys.Mj dk Hkh mi;ksx gksrk gS fdUrq T;knkrj HkÍh dke esa vkrh gSA Nr ij ydM+h o dks;yk j[kus ls ckfj'k ds fnuksa esa ydM+h o dks;yk xhyk gksus ls [kjkc gks tkrk gSA mldk [kqn dk fjgk;'kh edku gS fdUrq og bruk yEck pkSM+k ugha gS fd ogka ydM+h o dks;yk j[k ldsA oknh ds lk{kh ih-MCY;w-2 txnh'k izlkn us Hkh ;gh dFku fd;k gS fd oknh dk iIiw jsLVksjsUV ds uke ls O;olk; gS] ftlds dk;Z gsrq ydM+h o dks;yk tyrk gS fdUrq bls j[kus ds fy, dksbZ LFkku ugha gSaA Nr ls mrkjus esa cM+h ijs'kkuh gksrh gS T;knk LVkWd gksus ij ydM+h o dks;yk ?kj ij j[kus ls ogka ls ykuk iM+rk gSA vr% oknh dks ydM+h o dks;yk j[kus gsrq oknxzLr cslesaV dh vko';drk gSA oknh dk ;g Hkh dFku gS fd 20-25 Vu ydM+h o dks;yk j[kk tkrk gS ftls j[kus ds fy, mlds ikl dksbZ i;kZIr LFkku ugha gSA Nr [kqyh gS] cjlkr ds ekSle esa cM+h ijs'kkuh gksrh gSA blds vykok Hkh ydM+h o dks;yk Åij o uhps j[kus esa dfBukbZ gksrh gSA Lo;a izfroknh jkts'k us ;g Lohdkj fd;k gS fd oknh dk iIiw jsLVksjsaV ds uke ls O;olk; gS ftl gsrq og xSl dk mi;ksx djrk gS fdUrq ydM+h o dk;syk dk mi;ksx Hkh djrk gS fdUrq de ek=k esaA izfroknh ds vuqlkj dks;yk o ydM+h j[kus ds fy, oknh ds ikl jsLVksjsUV ds uhps dkQh txg gS vkSj Åij Hkh dejk cuk gqvk gS] tks ydM+h o dks;yk j[kus ds dke vkrs gSaA ;g Lohdkj djrk gS fd bl dejs dh uki bls ugha ekyweA fQj bldk dFku gS fd oknh ds ?kj ij dkQh txg gS tgka ij og ydM+h o dks;yk j[k ldrk gSA izfrijh{kk esa izfroknh Lohdkj djrk gS fd oknh ds ikl xSl HkÍh ds vykok ,d dks;yk o ydM+h dh HkÍh Hkh gS vkSj oknh dk jsLVksjsaV tc pkyw jgrk gS rks Hkjk jgrk gS vkSj ;g Hkh Lohdkj fd;k fd ydM+h o dks;yk lw[kk gks rks tykus esa ijs'kkuh ugha gksrh vkSj xhyk gks rks bls tykus esa ijs'kkuh gksrh gSA bls ugha ekywe fd oknh dh Nr ij fdruk ,fj;k [kkyh gSA cslesav esa oknxzLr vkWfQl ds ckjs esa bldk dFku gS fd blesa equhe feÙky lkgc ogka ikVZ Vkbe djrs gSaA fopkj.k U;k;ky; us ;g Hkh mYys[k fd;k fd bl equhe Jh feÙky dks is'k ugha fd;k x;k gSA fopkj.k U;k;ky; us leLr lk{; ds vk/kkj ij ;g ik;k fd oknxzLr cslesaV dh oknh dks vius iIiw jsLVksjsaV esa mi;ksx esa vkus okyh ydM+h o dks;yk dks j[kus gsrq okLrfod o ln~Hkkoh vko';drk gSA izfroknhx.k dk ;g rdZ Lohdkj fd;s tkus ;ksX; ugha gS fd oknh ydM+h o dks;ys dks Lo;a ds edku esa j[ks D;ksa d tc oknh ds ikl Lo;a dk ifjlj miyC/k gS rks mlds }kjk O;olk; esa dke vkus okyh ydM+h o dks;ys dks ?kj ij j[kus dk lq>ko Lohdkj fd;s tkus ;ksX; ugha gS vkSj O;ogkfjd rkSj ij Hkh ;g lEHko ugha gS fd oknh dks tc tc ydM+h o dks;ys dh vko';drk iM+s rc rc og vius ?kj tkdj ydM+h o dks;yk ysdj vkosA oknxzLr cslesaV miyC/k gksus ij oknh blesa ;g lkeku j[kdj vius O;olk; dks vR;f/kd lqfo/kktud cuk ldrk gSA izfroknhx.k dk lq>ko Hkh Lohdkj fd;s tkus ;ksX; ugha gS fd oknh ydM+h o dks;yk Nr ij j[k ldrk gS D;ksafd nksuksa gh i{kksa ds xokgksa us Lohdkj fd;k gS fd Nr ij j[kus ij ydM+h o dks;yk xhyk gksus dh fLFkfr esa tykus esa ijs'kkuh gksrh gS] lkFk gh Nr ls uhps ykus esa Hkh ijs'kkuh gksrh gSA oknh ds vuqlkj izfroknhx.k }kjk ,slh dksbZ Hkh ekSf[kd ,oa nLrkosth lk{; is'k ugha dh x;h gS ftlls ;g izekf.kr gks fd oknh dks oknxzLr ifjlj dh vko';drk ugha gS vkSj izfroknhx.k dks rax djus o fdjk;k c<+kus dh fu;r ls ;g okn izLrqr fd;k x;k gSA 7- bl izdkj oknh dk Nne mís'; lkfcr ugha gksus ds dkj.k mldh vko';drk ;qfä;qä ,oa ln~Hkkoh gSA vkenuh c<+kus ds fy, ifjlj dh vko';drk vLokHkkfod ugha ekuh tk ldrhA Hkw Lokeh dh ;qfä;qä vko';drk dks bl vk/kkj ij Hkh ugha udkjk tk ldrk fd mlds ikl nks vU; nqdkusa Hkh gSa] tks vU; fdjk;snkj ds vf/kHkksx esa gSA blds vfrfjä Hkh Hkw Lokeh dks viuh lEifÙk esa ls vius O;olk; ds fy, fdlh fo'ks"k Hkkx dk p;u djus ds fy, fdjk;snkj ck/; ugha dj ldrkA Hkw Lokeh viuh vko';drk dk loksZRre fu.kkZ;d gksrk gSA fopkj.k U;k;ky; dk ;g Hkh fu"d"kZ jgk gS fd oknxzLr cslesaV [kkyh ugha gksus ij oknh dks izfroknhx.k ds eqdkcys vR;f/kd dfBukbZ gksxhA izfroknhx.k bl nqdku dks lkbfdy O;olk; esa dke esa Hkh ugha ys jgs gSa] dsoy vkWfQl ds :i esa dke esa ys jgs gSa ftlds fy, mlds ikl nks vU; dksBfM;k Hkh fdjk;s ij gSa ftuesa dsoy vVkyk iM+k gqvk gS vkfn vkfnA U;k;ky; dk ;g Hkh fu"d"kZ jgk gS fd izLrqr lk{; ls nqdku dk vkaf'kd fu"dklu lEHko ugha gS vkSj bl izdkj fdjk;s esa fMQkYV ds vfrfjä vU; lHkh fook|dksa dks oknh ds i{k esa fofuf'pr djrs gq, izfroknhx.k ds fo:) cslesaV dh bl nqdku ls fu"dklu dh fMØh ikfjr dhA 8- fopkj.k U;k;ky; ds bl fu.kZ; fnukad 18-12-2006 ds fo:) izfroknhx.k }kjk vihy izLrqr dh x;h tks vij ftyk ,oa ls'ku U;k;k/kh'k QkLV Vªsd la[;k 2] C;koj }kjk fnukad 27-7-2009 ds fu.kZ; ls vLoh—r dh x;hA bl vihyh; fu.kZ; esa U;k;ky; us vafdr fd;k gS fd izfroknh ds dCts esa ijegal vkJe VªLV esa fdjk;snkj dh gSfl;r ls ,d nqdku] Åij dh nks dksBfM;ka rFk ,d cslesaV dh oknh dh [kjhn'kqnk nqdku gSA oknh us oknxzLr fdjk;s'kqnk cslesaV dh Lo;a ds O;olk; iIiw jsLVksjsaV ds mi;ksx esa vkus okyh ydM+h o dks;ys ds LVkWd j[kus ds fy, vko';drk crk;h gS rFkk ;g Hkh O;ä fd;k gs fd bl cslesaV ds vykok orZeku esa oknh ds ikl dksbZ vU; LFkku ugha gS] ftlesa ydM+h o dks;yk j[k lds vkSj Nr ij j[kus ij dks;yk o ydM+h xhyh gks tkrh gSA U;k;ky; ds vuqlkj oknh us vius vfHkopu esa gh oknxzLr nqdku dh dks;yk o ydM+h ds LVkWd ds fy, vko';drk crk;h gSA bl dkj.k U;k;ky; dks oknh dh gh dsoy bl vko';drk ij gh fopkj djuk gSA gksVy ds vU; lkeku j[kus dh vko';drk dks ysdj u rks dksbZ fu"d"kZ v/khuLFk U;k;ky; us fudkyk gS vkSj u gh vihyh; U;k;ky; us gh fudkyk gSA Lo;a izfroknhx.k }kjk ftjg esa iwNsa iz'u ds mÙkj esa oknh u O;ä fd;k gS fd nqdku ds Åij ,d dksBMh cuh gqbZ gS ftlesa og rsy] dks;yk o B.Ms is; inkFkZ ds dSjsV j[krs gSA bls gksVy O;olk; gsrq 5-7 fDoaVy ydM+h o dks;yk j[kuk iM+rk gS tks Nr ij bl dkj.k ugha j[k ldrk fd ydM+h o dks;yk Nr ij j[kus ls xhyk gks tkrk gS vkSj ?kj yEck pkSM+k ugha gS] blfy, ogka gksVy esa dke vkus okys ydM+h o dks;yk ugha j[k ldrkA oknh us vius ;gka ukSdjh djus okys ih-MCY;w-2 txnh'kizlkn ds c;ku djk;s gSa ftldk Hkh ;gh dFku gS fd oknh dk iIiw jsLVksjsaV ds uke ls O;olk; gS ftlesa ydM+h o dks;yk tykus dk Hkh dk;Z jgrk gSA bls j[kus ds fy, oknh ds ikl dksbZ LFkku ugha gSA Nr ls mrkjus esa cM+h ijs'kkuh gksrh gS rFkk cjlkr ds ekSle esa rks ;g ijs'kkuh cgqr c<+ tkrh gSA T;knk LVkWd gksus ij rks j[kus dks LFkku gh ugha gS vkSj ?kj ij ydM+h dks;yk j[krk gS] ftls ?kj ls ykuk iM+rk gSA blds vuqlkj oknh ds ;gka 20-25 Vu ydM+h o dks;yk dk LVkWd j[kk tkrk gS ftl gsrq oknh ds ikl LFkku ugha gS tc fd izfroknh jkts'k us viuh lk{; esa Lohdkj fd;k gS fd xSl ds mi;ksx ds lkFk oknh dh gksVy esa ydM+h o dks;yk dk Hkh mi;ksx gksrk gS fdUrq de ek=k esa gksrk gSA blds vuqlkj dks;yk o ydM+h j[kus ds fy, oknh ds ikl jsLVksjsaV ds uhps dkQh txg gS vkSj Åij Hkh dejk cuk gqvk gS] ftldk uki bls ekywe ugha gS vkSj mlds ?kj ij Hkh dkQh txg gSA ;g Hkh dgk gS fd mldk jsLVksjsUV pkyw jgrk gS rks ges'kk Hkjk jgrk gSA ydM+h o dks;yk lw[kk u gks rks tyus esa ijs'kkuh gksrh gSA izfroknh ds xokg] pUnzizdk'k us dgk gS fd oknh us dks;yk o ydM+h j[kus ds fy, Åij fVu'ksM yxk j[kk gS o Åij dejk Hkh cuk gqvk gSA nksuksa i{kksa dh lk{; ls U;k;ky; us ;g ik;k fd oknh dk O;olk; iIiw jsLVksjsUV ds uke ls gS ftlesa ,d HkÍh dk iz;ksx ydM+h o dks;yk tykdj fd;k tkrk gSA jsLVksjsaV esa dkQh yksx vkrs gSa vkSj jsLVksjsaV Hkjk jgrk gSA Nr ij dks;yk o ydM+h j[kus ds fy, tks [kqyh txg crk;h x;h gS] ogka cjlkr ds ekSle esa xhyh gksus ds dkj.k ydM+h o dks;yk mi;ksxh ugha jgrs gSa vkSj mlls vlqfo/kk gksuk LokHkkfod gSA U;k;ky; ds vuqlkj oknh dks ;g funsZ'k nsuk mfpr ugha gS fd og vius jsLVksjsaV ds O;olk; ds fy, dks;yk o ydM+h ?kj esa j[ks vkSj vko';drk iM+us ij fnu izfrfnu ogka ls ysdj vkosA mä fLFkfr esa Nr ij ydM+h o dks;yk j[kus ds fy, oknh dks ck/; ugha fd;k tk ldrkA lqLFkkfir fof/k ds vuqlkj U;k;ky; oknh dks ;g funsZ'k ugha ns ldrk fd og vius ifjlj dks fdl izdkj ls dke esa ysosA oknh dk jsLVksjsaV pkyw gkyr esa gS vkSj mls vius O;olk; ds fy, vf/kd ydM+h o dks;yk j[kus dh vko';drk gS tks dsoy bPNk ugha vfirq okLrfod vko';drk gSA vr% fopkj.k U;k;ky; us oknh dh vko';drk ekuus esa dksbZ fof/kd Hkwy ugha dh gS vkSj ;g vko';drk ln~Hkkfod Hkh gSA oknh dh vksj ls izfroknhx.k ij fdjk;k c<+kus dk ncko Mkyus dh dksbZ lk{; ugha gS] vr% ,slk dksbZ ijks{k dkj.k le{k ugha vk ldk gS ftlds dkj.k oknh] izfroknhx.k dks oknxzLr cslesaV ls csn[ky djokuk pkgrk gksA vihyh; U;k;ky; ds vuqlkj oknh dh vko';drk ;qfä;qä Hkh gS D;ksa fd cslesaV oknh ds jsLVksjsaV ds ikl gh fLFkr gS vkSj ;gka ydM+h o dks;yk j[kus ls [kjkc ugha gksaxs vkSj ;s oLrq,a lLrh feyus ij oknh mudk vius O;olk; gsrq LVkWd dj ldsxkA mlds deZpkfj;ksa dks Hkh cslesaV ls dks;yk o ydM+h ykus esa dksbZ vlqfo/kk ugha gksxhA izfroknhx.k ds lEcU/k esa ;g ekuk fd mudh nqdku esa nks dksBfM+;k Hkh cuh gqbZ gSa ftuesa nqdku dk lkeku iM+k gqvk gSA dksBfM+;ksa esa ykbV o ikuh dh O;oLFkk gks ldus dh fLFkfr Lo;a izfroknhx.k us Lohdkj dh gSA bu nqdkuksa esa dsoy lkeku j[kk gqvk gS] vr% izfroknhx.k bu dksBfM;ksa dk mi;ksx Lo;a ds vkWfQl ds fy, dj ldrs gSa vkSj bl izdkj rqyukRed dfBukbZ Hkh oknh dks gh gksuk izekf.kr gSA vkaf'kd csn[kyh ds lEcU/k esa U;k;ky; dk ;g er jgk gS fd okn dh lk{; ds vuqlkj cslesaV dk ,fj;k 6x30 fQV dk gS ftlds ckjs esa oknh us ;g dgk gS fd vkaf'kd Hkkx [kkyh gksus ls bldk dke ugha pysxka izfroknhx.k dh vksj ls blds fojks/k esa dksbZ lk{; izLrqr ugha dh x;h gS vkSj u gh crk;k x;k gS fd vkaf'kd csn[kyh ls oknh dh vko';drk dh iwfrZ gksuk lEHko gksA 9- bl izdkj nksuksa v/khuLFk U;k;ky;ksa ds leku rF;ksa ij vk/kkfjr fu"d"kZ gekjs le{k gSA jktLFkku mPp U;k;ky; ds gh fu.kZ; tgk:íhu cuke eksgEen nqdkeu 1993¼1½ MCY;w-,y-lh- ¼jkt-½ ist 381 ds iSjk la[;k 6 esa fuEu izdkj izfrikfnr fd;k x;k gS % "6. It was next contended by learned counsel for the defendant-appellant that the learned lower Courts have not properly appreciated the evidence on record and findings recorded on the reasonable and bonafide necessity in favour of the plaintiff-respondent are not correct. There is no force in these contentions also. It has been held in State of U.P. vs. Ram Chandra, AIR 1976 SC 2547 para 25 that even gross error cannot be upset in second appeal. It has been hld in Mithulal vs. Radhelal, AIR 1974 SC 1596 , that finding on the point of reasonable and bonafide necessity are findings of fact and cannot be interfered in second appeal. Reference of Bhairav Chand Nardas vs. Ranadhiv Chand Dutta, AIR 1988 SC 396 and Pal Singh vs. Surendra Singh, AIR 1989 SC 758 may also be made here. bl fofu.kZ; ds voyksdu ls gesa ;g ekxZn'kZu iznku gksrk gS fd ;qfä;qä ,oa ln~Hkkoh vko';drk ds lEcU/k esa fudkys x;s fu"d"kZ rF;ksa ij vk/kkfjr gS ftuesa f}rh; vihy esa gLr{ksi ugha fd;k tkuk pkfg,A 10- fo}ku~ vf/koäk vihykFkhZ dk rdZ gS fd nksuksa v/khuLFk U;k;ky;ksa }kjk ;qfä;qä ,oa ln~Hkkoh vko';drk rFkk rqyukRed dfBukbZ ds ckjs esa fudkys x;s fu"d"kZ =qfViw.kZ gSA oknh ds ikl vius O;olk; ds fy, dks;yk rFkk ydM+h j[kus gsrq i;kZIr LFkku gSA blds vfrfjä Hkh vktdy dks;yk o ydM+h dk iz;ksx can gks x;k gS vkSj ljdkj dh uhfr Hkh bls fu:Rlkfgr djus dh gSA ,yihth LVkso dk gh iz;ksx jsLVksjsaV dk;Z esa gksrk gSA oknxzLr cslesaV dh nqdku [kkyh fd;s tkus ls vihykFkhZ izfroknh dks rqyukRed :i ls cgqr dfBukbZ gksxh] fookfnr cslesaV ds ikl nks vU; dksBfM;ka izfroknh ds ikl gksus dk rdZ xyr gSA oknxzLr nqdku dk {ks=Qy dsoy 6x30 QhV dk gS ftlls fu"dklu ls oknh dk iz;kstu fl) ugha gksxkA nksuksa v/khuLFk U;k;ky;ksa us oknh dh O;fäxr] ln~Hkkoh ,oa ;qfä;qä vko';drk rFkk rqyukRed dfBukbZ ds lEcU/k esa lk{; dk lgh izdkj ls foospu ugha fd;k gSA oknh ds ikl Åijh eafty esa tks dejk ,oa Nr gS] mlds izdk'k esa mldh vko';drk ln~Hkkoh ugha jgrh gSA mlds }kjk fof/k ds lkjHkwr iz'uksa ds :i esa fuEu iz'u fojfpr fd;s x;s gS % "(a) Whether Courts below ignored material evidence or acted on the no evidence relating to personal bona fide need? (b) Whether findings of the Courts below on reasonable and bonafide need is vitiated for not applying and correct legal test and non-consideration of evidence adduced by the defendants? (c) Whether the Courts below have not evaluated the circumstances and factors in light of well settled principles of law deciding the question of comparative hardships and as such the finding on this issue is vitiated? (d) Whether finding on issue relating to comparative hardship vitiated for non-consideration the factor of goodwill acquired by the defendants? (e) Whether Courts below are justified in decreeing the suit on the ground of personal bonafide need and comparative hardship whereas it is established that plaintiff is having another sufficient premises vacant on upper floor of the building and plaintiff is having LPG Stove at his tea stall? (f) Whether the learned Courts below are justified in decreeing the suit without considering this aspect that how much coal and wood can be stored in the disputed area of 6x30/ (g) Whether the learned First Appellate Court is justified in dismissing the appeal and upholding the finding of the trial Court without properly dealt with reasoned and cogent grounds taken in the memo of appeal? (h) Whether judgment of both the Courts below suffers from patent illegalities and is vitiated by non-consideration of material evidence of the parties?" 11- blds fojks/k esa fo}ku~ vf/koäk izR;FkhZ dk rdZ gS fd nksuksa v/khuLFk U;k;ky;ksa us leLr lk{; dk foospu dj tks fu"d"kZ fudkys gSa] os iw.kZr% mfpr gSa vkSj rF;ksa ij vk/kkfjr gSa ftuesa bl f}rh; vihy ds vUrxZr gLr{ksi fd;k tkuk fof/klEer~ ugha gSA 12- mijksä rdksZa rFkk nksuksa v/khuLFk U;k;ky;ksa ds vk{ksfir fu.kZ;ksa dk voyksdu djus ij ;g ugha dgk tk ldrk fd nksuksa fo}ku~ v/khuLFk U;k;ky;ksa }kjk muds le{k izLrqr gqbZ ekSf[kd ,oa izys[kh; lk{; dk voyksdu dj bldk lgh izdkj ls foospu ugha fd;k x;k gS vkSj oknh dh O;fäxr] ;qfä;qä ,oa ln~Hkkoh vko';drk] rqyukRed dfBukbZ rFkk vkaf'kd fu"dklu ds fcUnq ij mfpr :i ls fopkj ugha fd;k x;k gksA nksuksa fo}ku v/khuLFk U;k;ky;ksa us izfroknh ds bl rdZ dks Lohdkj ugha fd;k gS fd oknh fdjk;k c<+kuk pkgrk gS ;k vU; fdlh dkj.k ls mlus csn[kyh dk okn izLrqr fd;k gSA oknh ds gksVy O;olk; esa iz;ksx vkus okys ydM+h o dks;ys dks j[kus ds fy, mlds ikl leqfpr LFkku ugha gSA mlds gksVy ds Åij tks dejk gS] mlesa gksVy dk gh vU; lkeku j[kuk ,oa gksVy ds vU; dk;Z ds fy, mi;ksx fd;k tkuk oknh fl) dj ldk gSA mls vius oknxzLr LFky ls nwj vius fuokl ij dks;yk o ydM+h j[kus ds fy, ck/; ugha fd;k tk ldrkA Nr ij lkeku ds Hkhxus dh iw.kZ lEHkkouk gS vkSj bl izdkj vU; dksbZ LFkku u gksus ls oknh dks oknxzLr ifjlj dh ln~Hkkoh ,oa ;qfä;qä vko';drk gSA blds foijhr izfroknhx.k cslesaV dh nqdku esa lkbfdy dk O;olk; ugha dj jgs gSaA blesa mUgksaus dsoy viuk vkWfQl pyk j[kk gS ftl rF; dks Hkh izfroknh us lk{; izLrqr dj fl) ugha fd;k gSA izfroknhx.k ds ikl nks vU; dksBfM+;k Hkh gSa ftuesa os vkWfQl vkfn dk dk;Z lEikfnr dj ldrs gSA nksuksa fo}ku v/khuLFk U;k;ky;ksa ds ;s lc fu"d"kZ fo'kq) :i ls iw.kZr% rF;ksa ij vk/kkfjr gSA lqLFkkfir fof/k ds vuqlkj bu ij /kkjk 100 flfoy izfØ;k lafgrk ds vUrxZr izLrqr bl f}rh; vihy esa fopkj djrs gq, gLr{ksi fd;k tkuk fdlh Hkh izdkj ls fof/klaxr ugha gSA fo}ku vf/koäk vihykFkhZ ,slk dksbZ fof/k dk lkjHkwr iz'u crkus esa vlQy jgs gSa fd ftlds vk/kkj ij ;g vihy Jo.kkFkZ xzg.k dh tk,A 13- nksuksa v/khuLFk U;k;ky;ksa ds fu.kZ; rF;ksa ds foospu ij vk/kkfjr gSa vkSj rF;ksa ds lEcU/k esa gh ikfjr fu"d"kZ gSa ftuesa ;g U;k;ky; /kkjk 100 tkIrk nhokuh ds vUrxZr izLrqr f}rh; vihy esa gLr{ksi ugha dj ldrkA izLrqr f}rh; vihy esa U;k;ky; ds vf/kdkj dh lhek ds lEcU/k esa blh U;k;ky; ds fu.kZ; cq)kjke ,oa vU; cuke jes'k pUn 2008¼2½ vkj-,y-MCY;w- 1241 ¼jkt-½ rFkk tgk:íhu cuke eksgEen nqdeku 1993¼1½ MCY;w-,y-lh- 381 ¼jkt-½ gesa Li"V :i ls ekxZn'kZu iznku djrs gSa fd nksuksa v/khuLFk U;k;ky;ksa }kjk rF;ksa ij fudkys x;s fu"d"kZ esa bl f}rh; vihy esa gLr{ksi ugha fd;k tk ldrkA ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; dh rhu lnL;h; ihB }kjk /kkjk 100 tkIrk nhokuh ds lEcU/k esa fn;s x;s fofu.kZ; Hkksykjke cuke vehjpUn esa 1981¼2½ ,llhlh 414 esa fuEu izdkj izfrikfnr fd;k x;k gS %& "..The High Court, however, seems to have justified its interference in second appeal mainly on the ground that the judgmens of the Courts below were perverse and were given in utter disregard of the important materials on the record particularly misconstruction of the rent note. Even if we accept the main reasons given by he High Court the utmost that could be said was that th efindings of fact by the Courts below were wrong or grossly inexcusable but that by itself would not entitle the High Court to interfere in the absence of a clear error of law." blh izdkj jkekLokeh dfyaxkjk;j cuke ekF;ku ikn;ph ,vkbZvkj 1992 ,llh 115 esa /kkjk 100 tkIrk nhokuh ds lEcU/k esa fopkj djrs gq, fuEu izdkj izfrikfnr fd;k gS % "..... Suggested shortcomings in the findings of fact recorded by the Courts below would not alter the situation that those were findings of facts, unquestionable, under the provisions of Section 100, C.P.C., which defines the contours of the power of the High Court in second appeal. ....." blh izdkj ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; us xqjnso dkSj ,oa vU; cuke dkdh ,oa vU; ¼2007½ 1 ,llhlh 546 esa lEiw.kZ oLrqfLFkfr dk mYys[k djrs gq, fuEu izdkj izfrikfnr fd;k gS % "60. The comprehensive fifty-fourth Report of the Law Commission of India submitted to the Govt. of India in 1973 gives historical back-ground regarding ambit and scope of Section 100 C.P.C. According to the said report, any rational system of administration of civil law should recognize that litigation in civil cases should have two hearings on facts - one by the trial Court and one by the Court of appeal. .................................................. 73. The Judicial Committee of the Privy Council as early as in 1890 stated that there is no jurisdiction to entertain a second appeal on the ground of an erroneous finding of fact, however gross or inexcusable the error may seem to be and they added a note of warning that no Court in India has power to add to, or enlarge, the grounds specified in Section 100. 81. Despite repeated declarations of law by the judgments of this Court and the Privy Council for over a century, still the scope of Section 100 has not been correctly appreciated and applied by the High Courts in a large number of cases. In the facts and circumstances of this case the High Court interfered with the pure findings of fact even after the amendment of Section 100 C.P.C. in 1976. In the facts and circumstances of this case the High Court interfered with the pure findings of fact even after the amendment of Section 100 C.P.C. in 1976. The High Court would not have been justified in interfering with the concurrent findings of fact in this case even prior to the amendment of Section 100 C.P.C. The judgment of the High Court is clearly against the provisions of Section 100 and in no uncertain terms clearly violates the legislative intention. (82) In view of the clear legislative mandate crystallized by a series of judgments of the Privy Council and this Court ranging from 1890 to 2006, the High Court in law could not have interfered with pure findings of facts arrived at by the Courts below. Consequently, the impugned judgment is set aside and this appeal is allowed with costs. mä fof/k n`"VkUrksa rFkk fofu.kZ; ek/kou uk;j cuke HkkLdj fiYybZ ¼2005½ 10 ,llhlh 553] ,pih ik;jtu cuke nklIik ¼2006½ 2 ,llhlh 496] LVsV vkWQ ;w-ih- cuke jkepUnz ,vkbZvkj 1976 ,llh 2547] feBwyky cuke jk/ksyky ,vkbZvkj 1974 ,llh 1596] HkSjopUn ukjnkl cuke ju/khopUn nÙkk ,vkbZvkj 1988 ,llh 396 vkfn Hkh gesa ;gh ekxZn'kZu iznku djrs gSa fd ;qfä;qä ,oa ln~Hkkoh vko';drk rFkk vihy esa mBk;s x;s lHkh fcUnq fo'kq) :i ls rF;ksa ds iz'u gksus ds dkj.k f}rh; vihy esa nksuksa v/khuLFk U;k;ky;ksa }kjk fudkys x;s leku fu"d"kZ esa gLr{ksi fd;k tkuk drbZ fof/klEer ugha gSA 14- bl izdkj Åij fd;s x;s foospu ds izdk'k ea eSa bl er dk gwa fd nksuksa v/khuLFk U;k;ky;ksa }kjk ikfjr leku fu"d"kZ rF;ksa ij vk/kkfjr gksus ds dkj.k buesa gLr{ksi fd;k tkuk fof/klaxr ugha gSA fo}ku~ vf/koäk vihykFkhZ bl vihy esa fof/k dk ,slk dksbZ Hkh lkjHkwr iz'u crkus esa vlQy jgs gSa tks bl f}rh; vihy esa fof/kuqlkj fopkj.kh; gks] vr% ;g f}rh; vihy lkjghu gksus ds dkj.k xzg.kkFkZ Lrj ij gh vLoh—r dh tkrh gSA 15- mäkuqlkj ;g flfoy f}rh; vihy fujLr djrs gq, layXu LFkxu izkFkZuk i= la[;k 305@2009 Hkh fujLr fd;k tkrk gSA