Hon'ble KOTHARI, J.— izLrqr nkf.Md fofo/k ;kfpdk vfrfjä flfoy U;k;k/kh'k ¼d-[k-½ ,oa U;kf;d eftLVªsV Øe la[;k 4 ¼nf{k.k½ dksVk ds vkns'k fnukad 24-7-2010 rFkk blds fo:) izLrqr dh x;h fuxjkuh esa vij lS'ku U;k;k/kh'k Øe 2] dksVk }kjk mä fu"d"kZ dks iq"V djrs gq, ikfjr vkns'k fnukad 18-9-2010 ls O;fFkr gksdj izLrqr dh x;h gSA 2- laf{kIr esa rF; ,oa i`"BHkwfe bl izdkj gS fd fnukad 8-9-2008 dks ifjoknh ftrsUnz flag us ,d fyf[kr fjiksVZ iqfyl Fkkuk Hkhexate.Mh] dksVk esa lsuk iqfyl dh cqysV eksVj lkbZfdy la[;k MP-03AO54884P/67 ls nq?kZVuk ckcr~ is'k dh ftl ij iqfyl us izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ la[;k 241@2008 ij vfHk;ksx iathc) dj vuqla/kku ds mijkUr vkjksi i= la[;k 191@2008 fnukad 10-10-2008 mä U;kf;d eftLVªsV U;k;ky; esa izLrqr fd;kA ;g izdj.k dh vUoh{kk izkjEHk gqbZ vkSj ,d vfHk;kstu lk{kh ds c;ku ys[kc) fd;s x;sA blh Lrj ij fnukad 8-7-2010 dks deku vf/kdkjh 18 bUÝUVªh fMohtu izoksLM ;qfuV ds;j vkWQ 56 ,ihvks }kjk U;k;ky; ea ;g vkosnu izLrqr fd;k x;k fd vfHk;q:a izlkn gtkfjdk Hkkjrh; lsuk dk lSfud gS vkSj Hkkjrh; lsuk ds fo/kku ,oa n.M izfØ;k lafgrk ds izko/kkuksa ds vuqlkj lsuk U;k;ky; }kjk gh mlds izdj.k dh vUoh{kk dh tk ldrh gS@dh tk;sxhA vr% vfHk;qä ds izdj.k dh vUoh{kk djus ds fy;s vfHk;qä dks deku vf/kdkjh dks lqiqnZ djus dk vkns'k iznku djsaA vUoh{kk ds mijkUr lsuk U;k;ky; ds fu.kZ; dh izfr ,oa ewy i=koyh fu.kZ; lfgr U;k;ky; dks okfil ykSVk nh tkosxhA 3- mä fopkj.k U;k;ky; vfrfjä flfoy U;k;k/kh'k ¼d-[k-½ ,oa U;kf;d eftLVªsV Øe 4 ¼nf{k.k½ dksVk us mä vkosnu ij vkns'k fnukad 24-7-2010 ikfjr dj ;g mYys[k fd;k fd vfHk;qä ij yxk;s x;s vkjksi lSfud fof/k ds vuqlkj fopkj.k djus ;ksX; izrhr ugha gksrs gSaA izdj.k dks lquus dk vf/kdkj blh U;k;ky; dks izkIr gS] vr% deku vf/kdkjh }kjk izLrqr izkFkZuk i= [kkfjt fd;k tkrk gS vkSj 'ks"k vfHk;kstu lkf{k;ksa dks ryc fd;kA bl vkns'k ds fo:) deku vf/kdkjh 18 bUÝUVªh fMohtu izoksLM ;wfuV lsuk iqfyl }kjk fuxjkuh izLrqr dh x;h tks vij lS'ku U;k;k/kh'k Øe 2] dksVk ds }kjk fuLrkfjr dh xbZA bl U;k;ky; }kjk izFke rks lsuk vf/kfu;e 1950 dh /kkjk 3¼ii½ esa nh xbZ flfoy vijk/k dh ifjHkk"kk dk mYys[k fd;k x;kA fQj bl vf/kfu;e dh /kkjk 69 ,oa 70 ds vuqlkj ;g ekuk fd vfHk;qä ds fo:) vkjksfir vijk/k flfoy vijk/k dh Js.kh esa vkrk gS ftldk fopkj.k QkStnkjh U;k;ky; rFkk lsuk U;k;ky; nksuksa ds gh }kjk fd;k tk ldrk gSA rnqijkUr /kkjk 475 n.M izfØ;k lafgrk vkSj Criminal Court and Court-martial (Adjustment of jurisdiction) Rules, 1952 ds fu;e 3 o 4 rFkk lsuk vf/kfu;e dh /kkjk 125 ,oa 126 dk mYys[k djrs gq, izfrikfnr fd;k fd ,sls vijk/k ds fopkj.k dk {ks=kf/kdkj nksuksa U;k;ky;ksa dks gS fdUrq QkStnkjh U;k;ky; dk {ks=kf/kdkj izfrcaf/kr ugha gSA U;k;ky; us iVuk mPp U;k;ky; ds fofu.kZ; mes'kflag cuke fcgkj jkT; 2003 fØfeuy ykW tjuy 2215 rFkk ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; ds fu.kZ; estj th-ckjls cuke cEcbZ jkT; ,vkbZvkj 1961 ,llh 1762 ds lqlaxr iSjk dks mn~/k`r djrs gq;s ;g fu"d"kZ fudkyk fd QkStnkjh U;k;ky; ,sls izdj.k dks deku vf/kdkjh dks lkSais tkus ds fy;s ck/; ugha gS vkSj mfpr ekuus ij og Lo;a izdj.k dk fuLrkj.k dj ldrk gSA v/khuLFk QkStnkjh U;k;ky; us vfHk;qä dks vkjksi lkjka'k lqukus ds i'pkr~ ,d xokg dh lk{; ys[kc) dj yh gS] vr% fopkj.k ds bl Lrj ij izdj.k lsuk U;k;ky; dks fopkj.k gsrq lkSaik tkuk U;k;lEer ugha gSA bl mYys[k ds lkFk fopkj.k U;k;ky; ds vkns'k dh iqf"V dhA 4- mä nksuksa vkns'kksa ls O;fFkr gksdj ;g nkf.Md fofo/k ;kfpdk izLrqr dh x;h gSA 5- fo}ku vf/koäk izkFkhZ dk dFku gS fd fo}ku fuxjkuh U;k;ky; }kjk ftu izko/kkuksa vkSj fof/k n`"VkUrksa dk mYys[k fd;k x;k gS] muls gh ;g fLFkfr mHkj dj vkrh gS fd vfHk;qä ds izdj.k dh vUoh{kk dj jgk U;k;ky; vfHk;qä dks mlds izdj.k dh vUoh{kk o dksVZ ek'kZy gsrq deku vf/kdkjh dks e; vfHkys[k lkSaius ds fy;s ck/; gSA blds vfrfjä Hkh Åij mn/k`r fu;e 1952 ds fu;e 4 ds vuqlkj mlds fy;s vko';d Fkk fd vUoh{kk vkjEHk djus ls igys vfHk;qä ds dekfUMax vkWfQlj dks fyf[kr uksfVl nsrk tks ugha fn;k x;k gSA blds ckn tc deku vf/kdkjh }kjk vkosnu is'k dj fn;k x;k rks izdj.k dh vUoh{kk dk vf/kdkj fopkj.k U;k;ky; dks ugha jgk D;ksafd /kkjk 475 na-iz-la-] lsuk vf/kfu;e rFkk buds vUrxZr cuk;s fu;eksa ds vuqlkj ,sls izdj.k dh vUoh{kk dekfUMax vkWfQlj ds fodYi ij lsuk U;k;ky; }kjk gh fd;s tkus ;ksX; gSA fo}ku eftLVªsV us vius vkns'k esa ,slk dksbZ dkj.k Hkh vafdr ugha fd;k gS ftlds vk/kkj ij mUgksaus bl izdj.k o vfHk;qä dks vf/kfu;e ds izko/kkuksa ds rgr vUoh{kk gsrq ugha lkSaidj Lo;a bldk fopkj.k djuk mfpr ekukA blds fojks/k esa fo}ku yksd vfHk;kstd us fo}ku v/khuLFk U;k;ky;ksa ds vkns'kksa dks mfpr crkrs gq, ;kfpdk vLoh—r djus dh izkFkZuk dhA 6- eSaus mä rdksZa ij fopkj dj nksuksa vk{ksfir vkns'kksa] vfHkys[k ij izLrqr lkexzh rFkk lqlaxr fof/kd izko/kkuksa dk voyksdu fd;kA bl ;kfpdk ds fu.kZ; gsrq loZizFke lqlaxr izko/kku mn/k`r fd;k tkuk mfpr gksxkA /kkjk 475 n.M izfØ;k lafgrk dk lqlaxr Hkkx fuEu izdkj gS %& "S. 475. Delivery to commanding officers of persons liable to be tried by Court-martial- (1) The Central Government may make Rules consistent with this Code and Army Act, 1950, the Navy Act, 1957 (62 of 1957), and the Air Force Act, 1950 (45 of 1950), and any other law, relating to the Armed forces of the Union, for the time being in force, as to cases in which persons subject to military, naval or air force law, or such other law, shall be tried by a Court to which this code applies or by a Court-martial; and, when any person is brought before a Magistrate and charged with an offence for which he is liable to be tried either by a Court to which this Code applies or by a Court-martial, such Magistrate shall have regard to such Rules, and shall in proper cases deliver him, together with a statement of which he is accused, to the commanding officer of the unit to which he belongs or to the commanding officer of the nearest Military, Naval or Air Force station, as the case may be, for the purpose of being tried by a Court-martial." lsuk vf/kfu;e 1950 dh /kkjk 125 ,oa 126 fuEu izdkj gS % "125. Choice between criminal Court and Court-martial-When criminal Court and a Court-martial have each jurisdiction in respect of an offence it shall be in the discretion of the officer commanding the army, army corps, division or independent brigade in which the accused person is serving or other officer as may be prescribed to decide before which Court the proceedings shall be instituted, and if that officer decides that they should be instituted, and if that officer decides that they should be instituted before a Court-martial, to direct that the accused person shall be detained in military custody." "126. Power of criminal Court to require delivery of offender:- 1. When criminal Court having jurisdiction is of opinion that proceeding shall be instituted before itself in respect of any alleged offence, it may, by written notice, require the officer referred to in Sec. 125 at his opinion, either to deliver over the offender to the nearest Magistrate to be proceeded against according to law, or to postpone proceedings pending a reference to the Central Government. 2. 2. In every such case the said officer shall either deliver over the offender in compliance with the requisition, or shall forthwith refer the question as to the Court before which the proceedings, are to be instituted for the determination of the Central Government, whose order upon such reference shall be final." ;g fLFkfr Loh—r ,oa vfookfnr gS fd v/khuLFk QkStnkjh U;k;ky; esa fopkj.k Hkqxr jgk vfHk;qä ih-gtkfjdk ?kVuk ds le; dekfUMax vkWfQlj 18 bUÝUVªh fMohtu ds v/khu uk;c lwcsnkj ds :i esa dksVk esa dk;Zjr FkkA n.M izfØ;k lafgrk 1973 dh /kkjk 475¼E½ ds vuqlj.k esa Criminal Court and Court-martial (Adjustment of jurisdiction) Rules, 1952 dks dks vfryaf?kr djrs gq, dsUnzh; ljdkj }kjk fu;e 1978 cuk;s x;sA bu fu;eksa ds lqlaxr fu;e fuEu izdkj gS %& "3. Where a person subject to Military, Naval or Air Force law, or other law relating the Armed Forces of the Union for the time being in force is brought before a Magistrate and charged with an offence for which he is also liable to be tried by a Court martial, such Magistrate shall not proceed to try such person or to commit the case to the Court of Sessions, unless.- (a) he is moved thereto by a competent military, naval or air force authority; or (b) he is of opinion, for reasons to be recorded, that he should so proceed or to commit without being moved thereto by such authority. 4. 4. Before proceeding under clauses (b) of rule 3, the Magistrate shall give a written notice of the Commanding Officer or the competent military, naval or air force authority, as the case may be, of the accused and until expiry of a period of fifteen days from that of service of the notice he shall not- (a) convict or acquit the accused under Section 252, sub-sections (1) and (2) of Section 255, sub-section (1) of section 256 or section 257 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (2 of 1974), or hear him in his defence under section 254 of the said Code; or (b) frame in writing a charge against the accused under section 240 or sub-section (1) of section 246 of the said Code, or (c) make an order committing the accused for trial to the Court of Session under section 209 of the said Code; or (d) make over the case for inquiry or trial under section 192 of the said Code. 5. Where a Magistrate has been moved by the competent military naval or air force authority, as the case may be under clause (a) of rule 3, and the Commanding Officer of the accused or the competent military, naval or air force authority, as the case may be, subsequently gives notice to such Magistrate that in the opinion of such officer or authority, the accused should be tried by a Court martial, such Magistrate if he has not taken any action or made any order referred to in clauses (a), (b), (c) or (d), of rule 4, before receiving that notice shall stay the proceedings, if the accused is in his power or under his control, shall deliver him together with the statement referred to in sub-section (1) of section 475 of the said Code to the officer specified in the said sub-section. 6. 6. Where within the period of fifteen days mentioned in rule 4, or at any time thereafter but before the Magistrate takes any action or makes any order referred to in that rule, the Commanding Officer of the accused or the competent military, naval or air force authority as the case may be, gives notice to the Magistrate that in the opinion of such officer or authority, the accused should be tried by a Court-martial the Magistrate shall stay the proceedings, and if the accused is in his power or under his control, shall deliver him together with the statement referred to in sub-section (1) of section 475 of the said Code to such officer specified in the said sub-section." gLrxr ekeys esa lsuk vf/kfu;e 1950 esa nh x;h flfoy vijk/k dh ifjHkk"kk rFkk /kkjk 69 ,oa 70 esa fd;s x;s vijk/kksa ds o.kZu ds vuqlkj iz'uxr nq?kZVuk dk vkijkf/kd ekeyk flfoy vijk/k dh Js.kh esa vkrk gS ftldk fopkj.klsuk U;k;ky; ds }kjk fd;k tk ldrk gSA blds fopkj.k gsrq QkStnkjh U;k;ky; ds {ks=kf/kdkj dks Hkh izfrcaf/kr ugha fd;k x;k gS fdUrq ;fn ge /kkjk 475 n.M izfØ;k lafgrk dks ns[ksa rks bldk voykdu ;g nf'kZr djrk gs fd bl /kkjk ds vuqlj.k esa dsUnzh; ljdkj }kjk cuk;s x;s fu;eksa rFkk lsuk vf/kfu;e 1950 ds izko/kkuksa ds vuqlkj lsuk esa lsokjr O;fä lsuk U;k;ky;@dksVZ ek'kZy ds }kjk fopkfjr fd;k tk;sxk vkSj ;fn ,slk vfHk;qä fopkj.k gsrq eftLVªsV ds le{k yk;k tkrk gS rks eftLVªsV mfpr ekeys esa mls vijk/k ds fooj.k lfgr lacaf/kr dekfUMax vkWfQlj dks dksVZ ek'kZy ls vUoh{kk gsrq lqiqnZ djsxkA fu;e 1978 ds fu;e 3 ds vuqlkj tc vfHk;qä ,sls vijk/k ls vkjksfir gS ftlds fy;s og dksVZ ek'kZy }kjk vUoh{kk ;ksX; gS rks eftLVªsV ,sls O;fä dh vUoh{kk ds fy;s vxzlj ugha gksxk] u gh ,sls izdj.k dks lS'ku U;k;ky; vkfn dks mikfiZr djsxk vkSj ;fn ,slk djrk gS rks bdls fy;s bl fu;e esa mfYyf[kr fLFkfr ds izdk'k esa vius dkj.k vfHkfyf[kr djsxkA fu;e 4 ds vuqlkj fu;e 3¼ch½ ds vuqlj.k esa dkj.k vfHkfyf[kr dj vUoh{kk izkjEHk djus ls iwoZ eftLVªsV lEcfU/kr dekfUMax vkWfQlj dks fyf[kr uksfVl nsxk vkSj uksfVl nsus ds 15 fnu dh vof/k lekIr gksus rd bl fu;e ds , yxk;r Mh esa mfYyf[kr dksbZ Hkh dk;Zokgh ugha djsxkA fu;e 5 ,oa 6 ds vuqlkj ;fn lsuk ds l{ke vf/kdkjh@dekfUMax vkWfQlj }kjk ;fn eftLVªsV dks ;g uksfVl fn;k tkrk gS fd mudh jk; esa vfHk;qä dh vUoh{kk dksVZ ek'kZy }kjk fd;s tkus ;ksX; gS rks ;fn mlus fu;e 4 ds vUrxZr vkns'k ikfjr dj dksbZ dk;Zokgh ugha dh gS rks vius ;gka py jgs izdj.k dh dk;Zokgh jksd nsxk vkSj vfHk;qä dks /kkjk 475¼1½ n.M izfØ;k lafgrk ds vuqlkj dekfUMax vkWfQlj dks lkSai nsxkA 7- lsuk vf/kfu;e] 1950 dh /kkjk 125 ds vuqlkj tgka vkijkf/kd U;k;ky; rFkk dksVZ ek'kZy nksuksa dks gh vijk/k ds fopkj.k dk {ks=kf/kdkj gS rks lsuk ds lEcfU/kr dekfUMax vkWfQlj dk ;g foosdkf/kdkj gksxk fd fdl U;k;ky; esa dk;Zokgh pys vkSj ;fn mä vf/kdkjh ;g fu.kZ; djrk gS fd dk;Zokgh dksVZ ek'kZy ds le{k pyus ;ksX; gS rks og funsZ'k nsxk fd vfHk;qä lsuk dh vfHkj{kk esa jgsxkA lsuk vf/kfu;e 1950 dh /kkjk 126 ds vuqlkj ;fn {ks=kf/kdkj j[kus okyk vkijkf/kd U;k;ky; bl jk; dk gS fd vkjksfir vijk/k ds lEcU/k esa dk;Zokgh mlds le{k jgs rks og /kkjk 125 esa crk;s lsuk ds dekfUMax vkWfQlj@l{ke vf/kdkjh dks uksfVl nsdj mlds fodYi ij vfHk;qä dks fudVre eftLVªsV dks lkSaisxk ;k dsUnzh; ljdkj dks jsQjsUl dj dk;Zokgh dks LFkfxr dj nsxk vkfn vkfnA mä izko/kku ds voyksdu ls ;g fLFkfr Li"v :i ls le{k vkrh gS fd ,sls ekeys esa tgka vfHk;qä ?kVuk ds le; lsuk esa dk;Zjr Fkk vkSj mlds fo:) vkjksfir vijk/k QkStnkjh U;k;ky; rFkk dksVZ ek'kZy nksuksa }kjk fopkj.kh; gS rks vfHk;qä lsuk ds ftl dekfUMax vkWfQlj ds v/khu dk;Z dj jgk gSA] mlh dks ;g foosdkf/kdkj gksxk fd izdj.k dh vUoh{kk dgka pysa eftLVªsV ds fy;s vUoh{kk izkjEHk djus ls iwoZ dekfUMax vkWfQlj dks uksfVl nsuk vko';d gS tks gLrxr ekeys esa ugha fn;k x;k gS fdUrq dekfUMax vkWfQlj }kjk vius foosdkf/kdkj ,oa fodYi dk iz;ksx djrs gq, ;g fu.kZ; fy;k x;k fd vfHk;qä ds ekeys dh vUoh{kk lsuk U;k;ky; }kjk gh dh tk;sxh rks QkStnkjh U;k;ky; dks izdj.k dh vUoh{kk djus dk vf/kdkj ugha jg tkrkA 8- mYys[kuh; gS fd vUoh{kk U;k;ky; us vius vk{ksfir vkns'k fnukad 24-7-2010 esa dekfUMax vkWfQlj ds vkosnu dks vLoh—r djus dk vk/kkj ;g mfYyf[kr fd;k gS fd vfHk;qä ij tks vkjksi gSa] os lSfud fof/k ds vuqlkj fopkj.k djus ds ;ksX; ugha gSa fdUrq lsuk vf/kfu;e 1950 dh /kkjk 69 ,oa 70 dks ns[kus ls ;g Li"V gS fd izLrqr ekeyk lSfud fof/k ds vuqlkj Hkh fopkj.k ;ksX; gSA ,slk ekxZn'kZu mä fof/kd izko/kku ds lkFk lkFk gesa fofu.kZ; estj xksihukFk cuke e/;izns'k jkT; ,vkbZvkj 1963 ,eih 249 ls Hkh izkIr gksrk gS ftlesa cEcbZ mPp U;k;ky; rFkk ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; ds lqlaxr fofu.kZ; Hkh mn/k`r gSaA Li"V gS fd fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; dk deku vf/kdkjh dk vkosnu vLoh—r djus dk dkj.k fof/klEer ugha gSA 9- fo}ku fuxjkuh U;k;ky; vij lS'ku U;k;k/kh'k Øe-2] dksVk us ;g fLFkfr rks ekuh gS fd lsuk esa uk;d lwcsnkj ds :i esa dk;Zjr vfHk;qä ds fo:) fopkjk/khu izdj.k dh vUoh{kk dk {ks=kf/kdkj QkStnkjh U;k;ky; rFkk lsuk U;k;ky; nksuksa dks gS fdUrq muds }kjk n.M izfØ;k lafgrk] lsuk vf/kfu;e rFkk fu;e 1978 ds izko/kkuksa dk =qfViw.kZ fuoZpu djrs gq, vius fu.kZ; esa mfYyf[kr nks fof/k n`"VkUrksa ds vk/kkj ij QkStnkjh U;k;ky; }kjk gh izdj.k vUoh{kk ;ksX; gksus dk xyr fu"d"kZ fudkyk x;k gSA muds }kjk mes'kflag cuke fcgkj jkT; 2003 fØfeuy ykW tjuy ¼iVuk½ 1125 ds ,d iSjk dks mn/k`r djrs gq, bldk ;g rkRi;Z fudkyk x;k gS fd QkStnkjh U;k;ky; ds fy;s vko';d ugha gS fd og lSfuddehZ ds fo:) py jgs izdj.k dks lsuk U;k;ky; esa fopkj.k ds fy;s deku vkWfQlj dks lkSaisA og ;fn izdj.k dh ifjfLFkfr;ksa dks ns[kus ds i'pkr~ ,slk mfpr le>rk gS rks mls lsuk U;k;ky; dks lkSai ldrk gS fdUrq /kkjk 475 n.M izfØ;k lafgrk ds vuqlkj ml ij ;g ck/;rk ugha gSA okLro esa bl fofu.kZ; esa vfHkfu/kkZfjr rks ;g fd;k x;k gS fd ;fn izdj.k ls'ku U;k;ky; esa gS rks lS'ku U;k;ky; dk ,slk dksbZ nkf;Ro ugha gS fd vfHk;qä dh vUoh{kk dk {ks=kf/kdkj dgka gS] ,sls Collateral issue dks ns[ksA ,slk fcUnq rks eftLVªsv ;k fo'ks"k U;k;ky; ds le{k mfpr Lrj ij mBk;k tkuk pkfg;s vkSj mBk;s tkus ij eftLVªsV ;k fo'ks"k U;k;ky; ds fy;s ;g ck/;rk gS fd bu ij tkap dj viuk fu"d"kZ vfHkfyf[kr djsA {ks=kf/kdkj tSlk iz'u vfHkys[k ij miyC/k lkexzh ds izdk'k esa izkFkfed Lrj ij gh fuf.kZr fd;k tkuk pkfg;sA 10- gLrxr ekeys esa QkStnkjh izdj.k eftLVªsV ds le{k fopkjk/khu Fkk vkSj blesa dsoyek= vfHk;qä dks vkjksi lkjka'k lqukus ds ckn ,d vfHk;kstu lk{kh ds c;ku ek= fy;s x;s FksA fnukad 8-9-2008 dh fjiksVZ ij fnukad 10-10-2008 dks izLrqr vkjksi i= ds ekeys esa 2 o"kZ dk le; O;rhr gks tkus ds ckn dsoyek= mä dk;Zokgh gqbZ FkhA deku vf/kdkjh }kjk fnukad 8-7-2010 dks gh fo}ku eftLVªsV ds le{k izdj.k mUgsa lkSaius gsrq vkosnu izLrqr dj fn;k x;k Fkk vkSj Åij fyf[kr izko/kkuksa ds vuqlkj rks eftLVªsV ds fy;s vko';d Fkk fd os vfHk;qä dh vUoh{kk ds lEcU/k esa lEcfU/kr dekfUMax vkWfQlj dks lwpuk nsrsA 11- fuxjkuh U;k;ky; us vius vkns'k esa ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; ds fofu.kZ; estj bZ-th- ckjls cuke cEcbZ jkT; ,vkbZvkj 1961 ,llh 1762 ds ,d iSjk dk Hkh mYys[k fd;k vkSj blds vk/kkj ij ;g fu"d"kZ fudkyk fd QkStnkjh U;k;ky; izdj.k dks deku vkWfQlj dks lkSais tkus ds fy;s ck/; ugha gS tc fd blesa ;g izfrikfnr gS fd tc izdj.k lkekU; vkijkf/kd U;k;ky; rFkk dksVZ ek'kZy nksuksa ds }kjk vUoh{kk ;ksX; gS rks ,slh fLFkfr esa lsuk vf/kfu;e dh /kkjk 125 ,oa 126 ds izko/kku ykxw gksaxsA /kkjk 125 esa izkof/kr vf/kdkjh us ;fn vius bl foods dk mi;ksx ugha fd;k fd fdl U;k;ky; esa izdj.k dh vUoh{kk tkjh jgsxh rks QkStnkjh U;k;ky; ds le{k /kkjk 126 vf/kfu;e ds izko/kkuksa dks O;ogkj esa tkus dk dksbZ volj gh mRiUu ugha gksrk gS vkSj vkijkf/kd U;k;ky; fof/k }kjk mls feys {ks=kf/kdkj dk iz;ksx djsxkA fdUrq ;fn /kkjk 125 vf/kfu;e esa izkof/kr vf/kdkjh us vfHk;qä ,oa izdj.k dh vUoh{kk lsuk U;k;ky;@dksVZ ek'kZy ls fd;s tkus gsrq vius foods ,oa fodYi dk mi;ksx fd;k gS rks ,slh fLFkfr dks leFkZu estj xksihukFk cuke e/;izns'k jkT; ,oa vU; ,vkbZvkj 1963 ,eih 249 ls izkIr gksrk gS ftlesa Li"Vr% izfrikfnr gS fd ;fn dekfUMax vkWfQlj eftLVªsV dks fyf[kr lwpuk Hkstrk gS fd vfHk;qä dh vUoh{kk dksVZ ek'kZy }kjk dh tkuh pkfg;s rks eftLVªsV dks vius ;gka py jgh dk;Zokgh LFkfxr dj vfHk;qä dks vUoh{kk gsrq fofgr izfØ;k ,oa okafNr fooj.k ds lkFk lsuk vf/kdkjh dks lkSai nsuk pkfg;sA eftLVªsV dks blls vU;Fkk dksbZ fodYi ;k vf/kdkj izkIr ugha gSA bl fu.kZ; esa ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; ds estj bZ-th- ckjls cuke cEcbZ jkT;] ,vkbZvkj 1961 ,llh 1762 okys fofu.kZ; dks Hkh mn/k`r fd;k x;k gS ftlesa izfrikfnr gS fd nksuksa izdkj ds U;k;ky; dks vUoh{kk dk {ks=kf/kdkj gksus dh fLFkfr esa /kkjk 125 lsuk vf/kfu;e esa izkof/kr vf/kdkjh ij gh ;g foosd ,oa fodYi NksM+k x;k gs fd fdl U;k;ky esa dk;Zokgh pys vkSj ;fn og dkVZ ek'kZy ls dk;Zokgh dk fu.kZ; ysrk gS rks vfHk;qä dks lsuk dh vfHkj{kk esa lqiqnZ fd;k tkuk pkfg;sA ;fn QkStnkjh U;k;ky; bl er dk gS fd mlds }kjk gh izdj.k dh vUoh[kk dh tkos rks mls /kkjk 126 lsuk vf/kfu;e ds rgr uksfVl Hkstuk gksxkA ekuuh; e/;izns'k mPp U;k;ky; us bl ekeys esa ;g fu/kkZfjr fd;k fd bl fLFkfr esa dksbZ fookn gh ugha gks ldrk fd ;fn fu;e 1978 izHkkoh gSa rks blds fu;e 5 ds vuqlkj eftLVªsV ds fy;s dk;Zokgh dj vfHk;qä dks l{ke lsuk vf/kdkjh dks lsuk vf/kfu;e ds izko/kku ds rgr lkSaius ds vfrfjä vU; dksbZ fodYi ugha gSA blesa ;g Hkh mfYyf[kr gS fd ,slk fd;k tkuk lsuk ds vuq'kklu ds fgr esa gS rFkk bldk ykHk ;g Hkh gS fd lsokjr lSfudksa ds izdj.kksa dk vuqla/kku ,oa vUoh{kk lkekU; QkStnkjh U;k;ky;ksa dh foyEcHkjh izfØ;k ds rgr u gksdj dksVZ ek'kZy dh izfØ;k ls 'kh?kz gksA blh ls lsuk ds fgrksa dh iwfrZ gksrh gS vkSj izdj.k dh vUoh{kk cgqr vf/kd le; ugha ysrh gSA vr% ,slk flfoy vijk/k tks lkekU; QkStnkjh U;k;ky; esa iathc) gks pqdk gS] /kkjk 69 lsuk vf/kfu;e ds vuqlkj dksVZ ek'kZy }kjk vUoh{kk fd;s tkus ;ksX; gSA /kkjk 475 n.M izfØ;k lafgrk ds izko/kku ds vuqlkj eftLVªsV dks ;g vf/kdkj gS fd vfHk;qä dks l{ke lsuk vf/kdkjh dks mfpr ekeys esa lqiqnZ ugha djs fdUrq bl izko/kku dk mi;ksx dsoy mUgha ekeyksa esa fd;k tk ldrk gS tgka dksVZ ek'kZy }kjk vfHk;qä dh vUoh{kk fd;s tkus dk {ks=kf/kdkj gh fookfnr gks vkSj ,slh fLFkfr esa Hkh bl fookn ds fuLrkj.k gsrq ekeyk dsUnzh; ljdkj dks funsZf'kr fd;k tkuk gksxkA gLrxr ekeys esa rks ,slh dksbZ fLFkfr gh ugha gS vkSj ;g ,slk izdj.k ugha gS fd ftlesa eftLVªsV fdlh Hkh ;qfä;qä vk/kkj ij vfHk;qä dks vUoh{kk gsrq lqiqnZ djus ls bUdkj djsA 12- bl lEcU/k esa jktLFkku mPp U;k;ky; dk fofu.kZ; eqjkjhyky cuke ds-lh- vustk 1982 fØfeuy ykW tujy 2008 Hkh gesa iw.kZ ekxZn'kZu iznku djrk gS ftlesa fu;e 1952 ¼vc fu;e 1978½ ds fu;e 3 ,oa 6 rFkk /kkjk 475 n.M izfØ;k lafgrk vkfn dk foospu djrs gq, ;g mYys[k fd;k x;k gS fd eftLVªsV us fcuk lsuk vf/kdkjh dks uksfVl fn;s izdj.k dh dk;Zokgh dh vkSj tc lsuk vf/kdkjh }kjk dksVZ ek'kZy ls vUoh{kk fd;s tkus gsrq vkosnu is'k fd;k x;k rks eftLVªsV ds fy;s ;g ck/;rk gS fd og viuh dk;Zokgh dks LFkfxr djs vkSj vfHk;qä dks dksVZ ek'kZy ls vUoh{kk gsrq dekfUMax vkWfQlj dks lkSaisA bl fofu.kZ; ds iSjk la[;k 8 esa fuEu izdkj izfrikfnr fd;k x;k gS%& "A perusal of the above rules would show that in cases where a person subject to Military, Naval or Air Force Law is brought before a Magistrate and charged with an offence for which he is liable to be tried by Court-martial, such Magistrate should not proceed (sic) proceedings should be instituted. Ordinarily in a case where the accused person is subject to military. Naval or Air Force law and charged with an offence for which he is liable to be tried by a Court-martial, such magistrate is not competent to proceed to try such person and if he hold a different opinion then he has to record reasons for so proceeding and in that case before proceeding he has to give a written notice to the Commanding Officer of the accused. A perusal of the order of the learned Magistrate clearly shows that he did not record any opinion for reasons that he wanted to so proceed himself and take cognizance in the case without being moved by competent authority. Actually he never intended to do so. Thus, as already observed by me above, the provisions of R. 6 came into operation as soon as he was moved by an officer commanding of the command for delivering the accused for being tried under the Court martial and there was no option left with him except to stay the proceedings and to deliver the accused for trial by the Court-martial. I find support in my aforesaid view of the decisions already cited above i.e. C Ramanujan's case (1962(2) Cr.L.J. 389) (Mys) (supra) and Gopinath's case (1963(2) Cr.L.J. 161) (Madh. Pra) (supra)." 13- bl izdkj Åij foosfpr leLr fLFkfr ls blesa ys'kek= Hkh lUnsg ugha jg tkrk fd 18 bUÝUVªh fMohtu esa uk;d lwcsnkj ds in ij dk;Zjr vfHk;qä ih- gtkfjdk tks /kkjk 279] 337 Hkkjrh; n.M lafgrk ds vUrxZr U;kf;d eftLVªsV Øe 4 ¼nf{k.k½] dksVk esa izdj.k la[;k 188@2010 esa vUoh{kk Hkqxr jgk gS] dks deku vf/kdkjh ds izkFkZuk i= fnukad 8-7-2010 ¼ifjf'k"V-3½ ds vuqlj.k esa deku vf/kdkjh dks fopkj.k gsrq lqiqnZ fd;k tkuk vko';d gSA QyLo:i nksuksa v/khuLFk U;k;ky;ksa ds vk{ksfir vkns'kksa dks vikLr djrs gq, fopkj.k U;k;ky; U;kf;d eftLVªsV Øe 4 ¼nf{k.k½] dksVk dks funsZ'k fn;k tkrk gS fd os vfHk;qä dks mä izko/kku ds vuqlkj vko';d fooj.k ,oa vfHkys[k lfgr mlds dekfUMax vkWfQlj dks lkSais tks bl izdj.k dh fof/kor~ vUoh{kk lqfuf'pr dj fu;ekuqlkj leqfpr dk;Zokgh djsaxsA bl vkns'k dh izfr fopkj.k U;k;ky; U;kf;d eftLVªsV Øe 4 ¼nf{k.k½] dksVk dks izsf"kr dh tkosA mä izdkj ;g nkf.Md fofo/k ;kfpdk 2183@2010 fuLrkfjr dh tkrh gSA