Hon'ble KOTHARI, J.— izkFkhZ vfHk;qä nhun;ky 'kekZ dh vksj ls /kkjk 482 n.M izfØ;k lafgrk ds vUrxZr ;g ;kfpdk vij eqfUlQ ,oa U;kf;d eftLVªsV ua-1 lhdj ds vkns'k fnukad 19-6-1992 rFkk blds fo:) izLrqr fuxjkuh esa bls iq"V djus ds vihyh; U;k;ky; vij lS'ku U;k;k/kh'k Øe 1] lhdj ds vkns'k fnukad 27-7-2005 ls O;fFkr gksdj izLrqr dh x;h gSA 2- izdj.k dh i`"BHkwfe ,oa laf{kIr rF; bl izdkj gS fd ifjoknh ';keyky }kjk ,d ipkZ c;ku fnukad 15-3-86 dks Fkkuk dksrokyh lhdj ds lgk;d iqfyl mi fujh{kd dks vius] viuh iRuh rFkk HkkbZ ds lkFk ekjihV fd;s tkus ds lEcU/k esa vfHk;qäx.k nhun;ky] dykorh] vk'kqrks"k] cksnwjke] vkseizdk'k] eksguyky vkfn O;fä;ksa ds fo:) fn;k x;kA bl ij vuqla/kku ds mijkUr iqfyl us vfUre izfrosnu izLrqr fd;k ftls vLoh—r djrs gq, fo}ku~ U;kf;d eftLVªsV }kjk mä ukekafdr Ngksa vfHk;qäx.k ds fo:) /kkjk 147] 323 Hkkjrh; n.M lafgrk ds vijk/kksa esa izlaKku fy;k x;kA bl izlaKku vkns'k ds fo:) izkFkhZ nhun;ky }kjk /kkjk 482 n.M izfØ;k lafgrk ds vUrxZr bl U;k;ky; esa nkf.Md fofo/k ;kfpdk la[;k 1204@2003 izLrqr dh xbZ ftls bl U;k;ky; }kjk fnukad 27-2-2004 dks ;g funsZ'k nsrs gq, fuLrkfjr fd;k x;k fd vk{ksfir vkns'k ds fo:) nkf.Md iqujh{k.k ;kfpdk iks"k.kh; gS] vr% mi fuca/kd ¼U;kf;d½ dks funsZ'k fn;k tkrk gS fd os bl ;kfpdk dks lS'ku U;k;/kh'k] lhdj dks izsf"kr djsa tks bls nkf.Md iqujh{k.k ;kfpdk ds :i esa ntZ djus ds mijkUr bl ij fof/k vuq:i vkns'k ikfjr djsaxsA bl vkns'k ds lkFk izkFkhZ dks fnukad 18-3-2004 dks mä U;k;ky; esa mifLFkr gksus dk funsZ'k fn;k x;kA lS'ku U;k;k/kh'k] lhdj }kjk bl ;kfpdk dks nkf.Md fuxjkuh ;kfpdk ds :i esa ntZ dj fuLrkj.k gsrq vij lS'ku U;k;k/kh'k Øe 1] lhdj dks vUrfjr dj fn;k x;kA bl U;k;ky; us nksuksa i{kksa dks lqudj ;g fu"d"kZ vfHkfyf[kr fd;k fd izlaKku ysus ds vk{ksfir vkns'k fnukad 19-6-1992 dh tkudkjh vfHk;qä dks ml ij fnukad 6-2-2001 dks gq, lEeu dh rkehy ls gks xbZ Fkh fdUrq mlus feF;k :i ls bldh tkudkjh fnukad 26-9-2003 dks gksuk crkrs gq, 980 fnu ds foyEc ls ;g fuxjkuh is'k dh gSA bl foyEc dks i;kZIr vk/kkj o dkj.k crkrs gq, Li"V ugha fd;k x;k gSA bls {kek djus gsrq u rks dksbZ vkosnu is'k fd;k gS vkSj u gh cgl ds nkSjku bl foyEc dks {kek djus dh dksbZ izkFkZuk dh x;h gSA ifjlhek vf/kfu;e ds vUrxZr fuxjkuh is'k djus dh vof/k 90 fnol gS vkSj bl izdkj le;kof/k esa izLrqr ugha gksus ds dkj.k dsoy fe;kn ds fcUnq ij gh ;g fuxjkuh vLoh—r fd;s tkus ;ksX; gSA 3- fo}ku vf/koäk izkFkhZ vfHk;qä dk dFku gS fd vkjksfir ?kVuk fnukad 15-3-1986 dh gS vkSj izkFkhZ ds fo:) /kkjk 147] 323 Hkkjrh; n.M lafgrk ds vUrxZr vijk/k dk izlaKku fnukad 19-6-92 dks vFkkZr~ yxHkx lok N% o"kZ ckn fy;k x;k gS tks Li"Vr% /kkjk 468 n.M izfØ;k lafgrk ds vuqlkj ifjlhek ls ckgj gSA vkjksfir vijk/k /kkjk 323 Hkkjrh; n.M lafgrk vf/kdre dkjkokl ,d o"kZ ds dkjkokl ls vkSj /kkjk 147 Hkkjrh; n.M lafgrk dk vijk/k vf/kdre nks o"kZ ds dkjkokl ls n.Muh; gSA bl izdkj bl ekeys esa izlaKku ysus dh vof/k /kkjk 468¼2½¼lh½ n.M izfØ;k lafgrk ds vuqlkj rhu o"kZ dh gSA ;g rhu o"kZ dh vof/k lekIr gksus ds ckn mä izko/kku ds vuqlkj izkFkhZ vfHk;qä ds fo:) laKku fy;k tkuk lEHko gh ugha FkkA U;k;ky; us /kkjk 473 n.M izfØ;k lafgrk ds vUrxZr bl ifjlhek vof/k dks c<+kus ds lEcU/k esa dksbZ vkns'k ikfjr ugha fd;k gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa fo}ku~ fopkj.k U;k;ky; dk vkns'k fnukad 19-6-1992 Lor% jí dj vikLr fd;s tkus ;ksX; gSA mudk nwljk rdZ ;g Hkh gS fd v/khuLFk U;k;ky; esa iqfyl }kjk vfUre izfrosnu fnukad 4-12-86 dks izLrqr fd;k x;k vkSj U;k;ky; us ifjoknh ds uksfVl dh rkehy ds ckotwn mifLFkr ugha gksus ds dkj.k fnukad 4-6-87 dks iqfyl }kjk izLrqr vfUre izfrosnu dks Lohdkj djus dk vkns'k ikfjr dj fn;k fdUrq iqu% eqLrfxl ds gkftj gksus o mlds ;g dgus ij fd mls vkt rd uksfVl ugha feyk gS] mlds vkosnu ij mldh fojks/k ;kfpdk dk jsLVksj djus dk vkns'k fof/kfo:) :i ls ikfjr dj fn;kA v/khuLFk U;k;ky; dks fopkjiwoZd vfUre izfrosnu Lohdkj dj ysus ds vius vkns'k ds iqufoZyksdu gsrq izLrqr izkFkZuk i= dks Lohdkj djus dk vf/kdkj ugha FkkA mudk ;g Hkh rdZ gS fd okLro esa ifjoknh dh vksj ls bl ekeys esa fojks/k ;kfpdk gh izLrqr ugha dh x;h gSA U;k;ky; dh vknsf'kdkvksa ls Hkh ,slk drbZ vkHkkl ugha gksrk gS fd ifjoknh dh vksj ls dksbZ vkijkf/kd ;kfpdk Hkh izLrqr dh x;hA ifjoknh Lo;a ,d vfHkHkk"kd gS vkSj mlds izHkko esa vkrs gq, U;k;ky; us xyr :i ls fojks/k ;kfpdk dks jsLVksj djus dk vkns'k ikfjr fd;k gSA blds mijkUr vfUre izfrosnu ij cgl gsrq ckj ckj ifjoknh dks volj fn;s tkrs jgs vkSj fcuk fdlh ;Fkksfpr dkj.k ds LFkxu ij LFkxu fn;s x;sA blds ckotwn Hkh ifjoknh dh vksj ls dksbZ lk{; izLrqr ugha dh x;h] fQj Hkh U;k;ky; us o"kksZa ckn fnukad 17-6-1992 dks ifjoknh dh cgl lqudj fnukad 19-6-1992 dks blds ,oa ikap vU; vfHk;qäx.k ds fo:) laKku ysus dk vkns'k ikfjr dj fn;kA ;g vkns'k ikfjr djrs le; mu dkj.kksa dks /;ku esa ugha j[kk vkSj u gh mUgsa vius vkns'k esa gh foosfpr fd;k ftUgsa vk/kkj cukdj iqfyl }kjk vfUre izfrosnu izLrqr fd;k x;k FkkA ftl fooknxzLr Hkw[k.M dks ysdj >xM+k gksuk crk;k tkrk gS og jftLVªh ds vk/kkj ij iw.kZr% vfHk;qä vkseizdk'k 'kekZ dk gSA bl ij fuekZ.k djus ds fy, ifjoknh ';keyky }kjk U;k;ky; ls LFkxu pkgk x;k ftl izkFkZuk dks U;k;ky; us ifjoknh dk dCtk u gksus vkfn vk/kkjksa ij vLoh—r fd;kA bl Hkw[k.M ij vkseizdk'k dks fuekZ.k djus dk iwjk vf/kdkj Fkk fdUrq ifjoknh ';keyky us mlds IykWV ij tkdj bl IykWV dks viuk crkrs gq, mlds fuekZ.k dk;Z esa ck/kk igqapk;h vkSj vkseizdk'k] nhun;ky vkfn ds lkFk voS/k :i ls ekjihV dh ftlds cpko esa gh vfHk;qäx.k }kjk ifjoknh ds lkFk ekjihV dh x;hA bl izdkj vkØked ';keyky FkkA vfHk;qäx.k us rks O;fäxr izfrj{kk esa gh cy dk iz;ksx fd;k gS ftldk mUgsa vf/kdkj FkkA v/khuLFk U;k;ky; us vfUre izfrosnu dks vLoh—r dj vfHk;qäx.k ds fo:) laKku ysrs le; vuqla/kku ds nkSjku le{k vk;s bu dkj.kksa ij fopkj ugha fd;k vkSj u gh bu dkj.kksa dks Lohdkj u djus dk vius vkns'k esa gh dksbZ mYys[k fd;k gSA buds mijkUr ifjoknh ,oa lgk;d yksd vfHk;kstd dks xokgksa dh lwph is'k djus ds fy, o"kksZa rd le; fn;k tkrk jgk tks lwph xokgku~ yxHkx 10 o"kZ dh vof/k ds ckn fnukad 22-3-2001 dks is'k dh x;hA nksuksa i{kksa ds chp flfoy fookn gksuk ,oa jaft'k gksuk iw.kZr% Li"V gS] fQj Hkh U;k;ky; us ifjoknh dh vksj ls ,di{kh; :i ls crk;s rF;ksa dk bl ifjizs{; esa fo'ys"k.k ugha fd;kA ,d vksj rks blds }kjk izLrqr fuxjkuh dks bl ij =qfViw.kZ :i ls fnukad 6-2-2001 dks lEeu dh rkehy ekurs gq, vLoh—r dj fn;k] nwljh vksj blds ,oa vU; vfHk;qäx.k ds fo:) vkjksfir vijk/k dk izlaKku ysus dh vof/k lekIr gksus ds yxHkx lok rhu lky ckn izlaKku fy;s tkus ds v/khuLFk U;k;ky; ds vkns'k dh oS/krk ds ckjs esa dksbZ Hkh foospu ugha fd;k vkSj fof/kd fLFkfr iw.kZr% Li"V gksus ds ckotwn Hkh bl laKku vkns'k dks /kkjk 468 n.M izfØ;k lafgrk ds izko/kkuksa dks n`f"Vxr j[krs gq, vikLr ugha fd;kA nksuksa i{kksa ds chp flfoy okn yfEcr gSA ,d okn vij ftyk U;k;k/kh'k Øe 2 ds }kjk fnukad 15-11-1999 dks fuf.kZr fd;k x;k ftlesa ifjoknh }kjk tkyh ,oa vlR; dwVjfpr nLrkost rS;kj djuk ,oa U;k;ky; esa is'k djuk ik;k x;kA bl izdj.k esa izkjEHk ls vUr rd dh dk;Zokgh esa ifjoknh ds vfHkHkk"kd gksus ds dkj.k mlds izHkko esa vkdj U;kf;d izfØ;k dk nq:i;ksx fd;k x;k gSA QyLo:i fo}ku~ v/khuLFk U;k;ky; ds vkns'k dks vikLr dj blds fo:) yxHkx 25 o"kZ ld fopkjk/khu vkijkf/kd dk;Zokgh dks jí fd;k tkosA vius i{k leFkZu esa fo}ku vf/koäk izkFkhZ }kjk dfri; fof/k n`"VkUr is'k fd;s x;sA 4- blds fojks/k esa izR;FkhZ ifjoknh ds fo}ku~ vfHkHkk"kd dk eq[; rdZ dsoy ;g gS fd izkFkhZ vfHk;qä dh vksj ls izLrqr fuxjkuh vLoh—r dh tk pqdh gS rks ,sls vkns'k ds fo:) /kkjk 482 n.M izfØ;k lafgrk ds vUrxZr izLrqr ;g ;kfpdk iks"k.kh; ugha gSA ;g ,d izdkj ls nwljh fuxjkuh ;kfpdk gS tks /kkjk 397¼3½ n.M izfØ;k lafgrk ds vuqlkj ckf/kr gS rFkk fopkj.kh; ugha gSA U;k;ky; dks viuh vUrfuZfgr 'kfä;ksa dk iz;ksx djrs gq, dksbZ vkns'k ikfjr u dj bls {ks=kf/kdkj ds vHkko esa gh vLoh—r dj nsuk pkfg,A bl fcUnq ij fofu.kZ; jktudqekj ekpkank cuke dukZVd jkT; 1990 fØfeuy ykW fjiksVZj ¼,llh½ 602 izLrqr fd;k x;kA blds vfrfjä mUgksaus nksuksa fo}ku~ U;k;ky;ksa ds vkns'kksa dks mfpr crkrs gq, ;kfpdk vLoh—r djus dh izkFkZuk dhA 5- eSaus nksuksa i{kksa ds rdksZa ij fopkj dj nksuksa v/khuLFk U;k;ky; ds vk{ksfir vkns'kksa rFkk vfHkys[k ij miyC/k leLr lkexzh dk voyksdu dj nksuksa i{kksa dh vksj ls izLrqr fof/k n`"VkUrksa dks Hkh ns[kkA 6- gLrxr ekeys esa vfookfnr :i ls ;g fLFkfr gekjs le{k gS fd vkjksfir ?kVuk fnukad 15-3-86 dh gS vkSj izkFkhZ o vU; vfHk;qäx.k ds fo:) /kkjk 147 o 323 Hkkjrh; n.M lafgrk ds vUrxZr izlaKku fnukad 19-6-92 vFkkZr~ lok N% o"kZ ckn fy;k x;k gSA i=koyh dk voyksdu ;g n'kkZrk gS fd blesa iqfyl us vfUre izfrosnu fnukd 11-8-86 dks rS;kj dj bls U;k;ky; esa fnukad 4-12-86 dks is'k dj fn;k FkkA bl izdkj iqfyl }kjk vuqla/kku esa foyEc gksuk le{k ugha gSA U;k;ky; us iqfyl }kjk izLrqr bl vfUre izfrosnu ij eqLrfxl dks vfUre izfrosnu is'k gksus dh rkjh[k fnukad 4-12-86 dks gh fnukad 9-3-87 ds fy, uksfVl tkjh fd;sA bl fu;r fnu vknsf'kdk esa ;g mYys[k fd;k fd eqLrfxl ckotwn rkehy uksfVl xSj gkftj gS vkSj i=koyh okLrs xkSj o vkns'k gsrq fnukad 4-6-87 dks fuf'pr dh x;hA bl fnu U;k;ky; us vfUre izfrosnu dks Lohdkj djus dk vkns'k ikfjr djrs gq, ;g mYys[k fd;k fd Mk;jh ,-ih-ih- dks ykSVk;h tk, vkSj ,Q-vkj- nkf[ky nrj gksA fdUrq blh fnu iqu% vknsf'kdk esa ;g fy[kk fd bruk fy[kus ds i'pkr~ eqLrfxl gkftj vk;k vkSj tkfgj fd;k mls vkt rd uksfVl ugha feyk gS] ml ij ukfVl dh rkehy xyr <ax ls djok nh xbZ gSA eqLrxhl us izksVsLV fiVh'ku jsLVksj djus dh nj[okLr is'k dh vkSj U;k;ky; us bl izksVsLV fiVh'ku dks jsLVksj djus dk vkns'k nsrs gq, i=koyh cgl ,oa vkns'k gsrq fnukad 9-7-87 dks fuf'pr dhA blds mijkUr yxHkx 50 rkjh[ksa nh xbZA dbZ rkjh[kksa ij eqLrxhl mifLFkr ugha Fkk vkSj yxHkx 25 ls vf/kd LFkxu eqLrfxl dh izkFkZuk ij cgl gsrq fn;s x;sA vf/kdka'k rkjh[kksa ij tks LFkxu fn;s x;s] mudk Hkh dksbZ vkSfpR; n`f"Vxr ugha gksrk gSA vUrr% fnukad 17-6-29 dks ifjoknh dh cgl lqudj fnukad 19-6-92 dks eqLrxhl ds rdksZa] ipkZ c;ku ,oa iqfyl }kjk vuqla/kku ds nkSjku ys[kc) fd;s x;s c;kuksa dks vk/kkj cukrs gq, v/khuLFk U;k;ky; us izFken`"V;k ;g ik;k fd izkFkhZ ,oa ikap vfHk;qäx.k us ifjoknh vkfn ds lkFk ekjihV dh gS] QyLo:i vius vkns'k fnukad 19-6-92 ls izkFkhZ lfgr N% vfHk;qäx.k ds fo:) /kkjk 147] 323 Hkkjrh; n.M lafgrk ds vijk/kksa dk izlaKku fy;kA Li"V gS fd ;g izlaKku ?kVuk ?kfVr gksus dh rkjh[k ls yxHkx lok N% o"kZ ckn fy;k x;k gSA 7- izkFkhZ ,oa vU; vfHk;qäx.k ds fo:) ftu mä nks /kkjkvksa ds vUrxZr vUoh{kk gsrq izlaKku fy;k x;k gS] muesa /kkjk 323 Hkkjrh; n.M lafgrk ds vijk/k esa vf/kdre ,d o"kZ ds dkjkokl ,oa /kkjk 147 Hkkjrh; n.M lafgrk ds vijk/k esa vf/kdre nks o"kZ dh dkjkokl dh ltk gks ldrh gSA Li"Vr% bu vkjksfir vijk/kksa esa rhu o"kZ ls de dh ltk dk izko/kku gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa /kkjk 468¼2½¼lh½ ds vuqlkj dksbZ Hkh U;k;ky; rhu o"kZ dh vof/k O;rhr gksus ds mijkUr ,sls vijk/k dk izlaKku ugha ys ldrhA bl ekeys esa rFkkdfFkr vijk/k dh rkjh[k 15-3-86 gksus ds dkj.k vfHk;qäx.k ds fo:) izlaKku fnukad 15-3-89 rd gh fy;k tkuk lEHko FkkA ;g lgh gS fd /kkjk 473 n.M izfØ;k lafgrk ds izko/kkuksa ds vuqlkj nks ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa U;k;ky; dks ifjlhek vof/k dk foLrkj.k djus dh 'kfä izkIr gSA izFke rks ;fn U;k;ky; larq"V gks tk, fd izdj.k ds rF;ksa ,oa ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa foyEc dks mfpr :i ls Li"V dj fn;k x;k gS vkSj nwljk ;g fd U;k; ds fgr esa ,slk djuk vko';d gSA 8- vfookfnr :i ls ;g fLFkfr gekjs le{k gS fd v/khuLFk U;k;ky; us izlaKku ysus ds vk{ksfir vkns'k fnukad 19-6-92 dks ikfjr djrs le; /kkjk 473 n.M izfØ;k lafgrk ds vUrxZr ifjlhek vof/k dks foLrkfjr djus dk dksbZ Hkh vkns'k ikfjr ugha fd;k gSA fopkj.k U;k;ky; us foyEc ls fy;s x;s izlaKku gsrq vius vkns'k esa mfpr NksM+] dksbZ Hkh dkj.k vafdr ugha fd;k gSA /kkjk 468 n.M izfØ;k lafgrk ds vuqlkj vfHk;qä ds lEcU/k esa ifjlhek dh vof/k vijk/k ?kfVr gksus dh frfFk ls gh izkjEHk gks tkrh gSA fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk vk{ksfir izlaKku vkns'k ikfjr djrs le; izlaKku fy;s tkus dh vof/k Li"Vr% yxHkx lok rhu o"kZ iwoZ gh lekIr gks pqdh Fkh fdUrq ,sls foyEc dks {kek djus ;k ifjlhek vof/k dks foLrkfjr djus gsrq dksbZ vkns'k fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk ikfjr ugha fd;k x;k gSA v/khuLFk U;k;ky; us vius vkns'k esa ,slk dgha Hkh mYys[k ugha fd;k gS fd izdj.k ds rF;ksa ,oa ifjfLFkfr;ksa dks ns[krs gq, U;k;fgr esa ifjlhek dh vof/k dks foLrkfjr djuk@c<+k;k tkuk mfpr ;k vko';d gSA ,slk Hkh dksbZ mYys[k ugha gS fd veqd veqd dkj.kksa ls izlaKku esa foyEc gqvk gS ftlds lEcU/k esa U;k;ky; larq"V gS fd bl foyEc dks {kek dj ifjlhek dh vof/k foLrkfjr djrs gq, laKku fy;k tkuk pkfg,A lqLFkkfir fof/k ds vuqlkj rks ;fn foyEc ls laKku fy;k tkrk gS rks bl lEcU/k esa vfHk;qä dks Hkh lquokbZ dk volj iznku fd;k tkuk vko';d gSA gLrxr ekeys esa foyEc ls laKku ysus ls iwoZ dksbZ uksfVl izkFkhZ ,oa vU; vfHk;qäx.k dks fn;k tkuk le{k ugha gSA fopkj.k U;k;ky; dh i=koyh ds voyksdu ls ;g Li"V gS fd iqfyl }kjk fnukad 4-12-86 dks vfUre izfrosnu izLrqr djus ds mijkUr U;k;ky;ksa }kjk vf/kdka'k rkjh[kksa ij Loh—r fd;s x;s LFkxu dk ys[kek= Hkh vkSfpR; ugha gSA fo}ku U;kf;d eftLVªsV ds izlaKku ysus ds vksn'k ds voyksdu ls Lor% gh ;g ugha ekuk tk ldrk gS fd mUgksaus foyEc dks {kek djrs gq, ;k foyEc vof/k dks foLrkfjr djrs gq, ;g izlaKku vkns'k ikfjr fd;k gSA /kkjk 468 n.M izfØ;k lafgrk ds izko/kku dks fojfpr djus dk fo/kkf;d dk Li"V iz;kstu gh ;g gS fd foyEciw.kZ vfHk;kstu ij vadq'k yxk;k tk lds vkSj U;k; dk nq:i;ksx ugha gksA ;g mís'; Hkkjrh; lafo/kku ds vuqPNsn 21 dh Hkkouk ds vuq:i gS vkSj vfHk;kstu pkgs izkbosV i{kdkj }kjk gks ;k jkT; }kjk] izR;sd ds fy, /kkjk 468 n.M izfØ;k lafgrk dh ikyuk vko';d gSA 9- eSaus bl lEcU/k esa izkFkhZ dh vksj ls izLrqr fof/k n`"VkUrksa dk Hkh voyksdu fd;kA 10- fofu.kZ; o)Zeku dkyk cuke jktLFkku jkT; 1994 vkjlhlh ¼jkt-½ 67 esa ;g mfYyf[kr gS fd /kkjk 468 n.M izfØ;k lafgrk] ifjlhek vof/k lekIr gksus ds ckn izlaKku fy;s tkus dks ckf/kr djrk gSA bl izko/kku ds vuqlkj vfHk;qä ds lEcU/k esa ifjlhek vof/k vijk/k ?kfVr gksus dh rkjh[k ls izkjEHk gksrh gSA bl ekeys esa ?kVuk fnukad 1-10-91 dh Fkh vkSj izkFkhZ ds fo:) /kkjk 279] 337 Hkkjrh; n.M lafgrk ds vijk/k vkjksfir FksA iqfyl us vfUre izfrosnu izLrqr fd;k vkSj U;k;ky; us fnukad 6-4-93 dks mä vijk/kksa dk izlaKku fy;kA vkjksfir vijk/kksa vf/kdre esa N% ekg ds dkjkokl dk izko/kku gS] vr% izlaKku vkns'k vikLr fd;k x;kA 11- fofu.kZ; Jherh lqfe=k xqIrk ,oa vU; cuke jktLFkku jkT; vkjlhlh ¼5½ 1980 ist 343 esa ?kVuk fnukad 9-6-72 dh FkhA vfHk;qä ds fo:) vkjksfir vijk/k /kkjk 354] 147 ,oa 323 Hkkjrh; n.M lafgrk esa izlaKku fnukad 2-8-73 dks fy;k x;kA U;k;ky; ds vuqlkj ifjlhek dh vof/k fnukad 9-6-75 dks lekIr gks pqdh FkhA eftLVªsV us foyEc dks {kek djus ;k le; dks foLrkfjr djus ds lEcU/k esa dksbZ vkns'k ikfjr ugha fd;k FkkA U;k;ky; }kjk izlaKku ysus ds vkns'k dks vikLr djrs gq, fuEu vkns'k ikfjr fd;k x;k %& "The petitioners have challenged the said order on the grounds inter alia, that on August 2, 1978, when the learned Magistrate took cognizance of the offences under Sections 354, 147 and 323 IPC the period of limitation prescribed for taking such cognizance had already expired. None of the three offences alleged to have been committed by the petitioners is punishable with imprisonment for a period exceeding three years. The limitation for taking cognizance had thus expired on June 9, 1975. It is true that the learned Magistrate could extend the period of limitation if he was satisfied on the facts and circumstances of the case that extension was necessary in the interest of justice. While taking cognizance, the learned Magistrate did not say that he was satisfied on the facts and circumstances of the case that the delay had been properly explained to him, or that, it was necessary in the interest of justice to condone the delay. The impugned order must therefore, be quashed." 12- MkW- nyir flag cuke jktLFkku jkT; 1979 vkjlhlh ist 467 esa vkjksfir vijk/k fnukad 10-6-79 dks ?kfVr gqvk FkkA eftLVªsV }kjk /kkjk 218 ,oa 465 Hkkjrh; n.M lafgrk esa izlaKku fnukad 9-9-83 dks fy;k x;k ftlds fo:) izLrqr fuxjkuh ;kfpdk fnukad 10-8-87 dks vLoh—r dh x;hA U;k;ky; us vius le{k izLrqr ;kfpdk esa mä nksuksa gh vkns'kksa dks vikLr djrs gq, ;kfpdk Lohdkj dhA bl fu.kZ; ds iSjk la[;k 6 esa fuEu izdkj izfrikfnr fd;k x;k gS %& "I have carefully gone through this authority but I am not inclined to subscribe to the views expressed by Bombay High Court in Kamal H. Javeri's case (supra). It is true that if the complaint is filed by the complainant in time and the cases are adjourned because the Magistrate is not present he embarks upon an enquiry u/Ss. 200 and 202 Cr.P.C. then that may be a suitable ground for condonation of delay and the Court may exercise its powers under Section 473 Cr.P.C. to condone the delay. The bar created by Sec. 468 Cr.P.C. is against the taking of cognizance. o cognizance will be taken by a Court of competent jurisdiction after the prescribed period of limitation and if has taken it is illegal as per the view of this Court in Panney Singh's case (supra). The bar created by Sec. 468 Cr.P.C. is against the taking of cognizance. o cognizance will be taken by a Court of competent jurisdiction after the prescribed period of limitation and if has taken it is illegal as per the view of this Court in Panney Singh's case (supra). In the case in hand, although the protest petition was filed by the father of the injured but his counsel sought several adjournments either for production of law book or for obtaining inaction for proceeding against the accused and ultimately the case was argued on 9.9.1983 and the Court has taken cognizance against the accused-petitioner but by that time, the period of three years within which the cognizance could have been taken has expired. The learned Magistrate has given no reasons in his order for condoning the delay. A simple order taking cognizance has been passed by him after the expiry of three years. It cannot be held that it condoned the delay ipso facto. The learned Magistrate has given no reasons in his order for condoning the delay. A simple order taking cognizance has been passed by him after the expiry of three years. It cannot be held that it condoned the delay ipso facto. Before condoning the delay, the Court has to be satisfied on facts and in the circumstances of the case the delay has been properly explained or the Court has to say taking of cognizance is necessary in the interest of justice but in this case, neither the Court while taking cognizance beyond the period of limitation has observed that it was necessary to do so in the interest of justice nor has it held that delay in taking cognizance has been properly explained and therefore, it is clear case where no powers have been exercised under Section 473 Cr.P.C. but cognizance has been taken straightway against the provisions of Sec. 468 Cr.P.C. 13- fofu.kZ; gsepan cuke jktLFkku jkT; ,oa vU; ¼,dyihB nkf.Md fofo/k ;kfpdk la[;k 414@1988½ tks fnukad 22 tqykbZ 88 dks fuf.kZr dh x;h gS] esa Hkh ;g izfrikfnr gS fd vkjksfir vijk/kksa dks ns[krs gq, eftLVªsV vijk/k ?kfVr gksus dh rkjh[k ls ,d o"kZ dh vof/k lekIr gksus ds mijkUr laKku ysus ls iwjh rjg fuokfjr@izfrcaf/kr gS vkSj bl dkj.k /kkjk 468¼2½ n.M izfØ;k lafgrk ds izko/kku ds vuqlkj fo}ku U;kf;d eftLVªsV }kjk ikfjr izlaKku vkns'k dks jí fd;kA 14- fofu.kZ; iatkc jkT; cuke Lo.kZ flag ,vkbZvkj 1981 ,llh 1054 esa ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk fuEu izdkj izfrikfnr fd;k x;k gS %& "The object of Criminal P.C. in putting a bar of limitation on prosecutions was clearly to prevent the parties from filing cases after a long time, as a result of which material evidence may disappear and also to prevent abuse of the process of the Court by filing vexatious and belated prosecutions long after the date of the offence. The object which the statute seeks to subserve is clearly in consonance with the concept of fairness of trial as enshrined in Article 21 of the Constitution. The object which the statute seeks to subserve is clearly in consonance with the concept of fairness of trial as enshrined in Article 21 of the Constitution. It is, therefore, of the utmost importance that any prosecution, whether by the State or a private complainant must abide by the letter of law or take the risk of the prosecution failing on the ground of limitation." 15- esjs le{k vijkf/kd fofo/k ;kfpdk la[;k 1003@2000 nhun;ky 'kekZ cuke jktLFkku jkT; vkfn esa bl U;k;ky; dh lgihB }kjk ikfjr fu.kZ; fnukad 30 ebZ 2002 dh izfr Hkh is'k dh x;h tks lEHkor% bUgha i{kdkjksa ds e/; yfEcr jgs ekeys esa ikfjr fd;k x;k izrhr gksrk gSA nkf.Md fofo/k ;kfpdk la[;k 427@2001 xkSjh 'kadj ,oa vU; cuke jktLFkku jkT; esa bl U;k;ky; }kjk ikfjr vkns'k 3-11-2009 rFkk vkijkf/kd fofo/k ;kfpdk la[;k 1523@2006 yYywjke ,oa vU; cuke jktLFkku jkT; esa bl U;k;ky; }kjk ikfjr vkns'k fnukad 20-1-2011 dh izfr Hkh is'k dh x;h gS ftu lHkh esa mä fof/k dk gh izfriknu djrs gq, v/khuLFk U;k;ky; ds izlaKku ysus ds vkns'k ,oa bl vkns'k dh iqf"V djrs gq, vihyh; fuxjkuh U;k;ky; }kjk ikfjr fu.kZ; dks vikLr dj ;kfpdkdrkZvksa ds fo:) fopkjk/khu dk;Zokgh dks jí fd;k x;k gSA 16- gLrxr ekeys esa Hkh ;gh fLFkfr Li"V :i ls gekjs le{k gS fd rFkkdfFkr ?kVuk dh rkjh[k fnukad 15-3-86 gS rFkk izkFkhZ vfHk;qä ,oa vU; vfHk;qäx.k ds fo:) vkjksfir fd;s /kkjk 147]323 Hkkjrh; n.M lafgrk ds vijk/kksa esa laKku ds fy, fofgr ifjlhek dh vof/k dks ns[krs gq, bu vijk/kksa gsrq izlaKku fy;s tkus dh ifjlhek vof/k rhu o"kZ dh gSA vfookfnr :i ls bl ekeys esa izlaKku ;g vof/k lekIr gksus ds yxHkx lok rhu lky ckn fnukad 19-6-92 dks fy;k x;k gS tks ifjlhek vof/k lekIr gks tkus ds dkj.k voS/k gSA fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; us foyEc dh vof/k dks {kek djus ;k ifjlhek vof/k dks foLrkfjr djus ds lEcU/k esa dksbZ vkns'k /kkjk 473 n.M izfØ;k lafgrk ds vUrxZr ikfjr ugha fd;k gSA 17- bl izdkj bl fopkj.k U;k;ky; U;kf;d eftLVªsV la[;k 1] lhdj }kjk izkFkhZ o vU; vfHk;qäx.k ds fo:) izlaKku ysus dk vkns'k fnukad 19-6-92 fof/klEer ugha gksus ds dkj.k vikLr fd;s tkus ;ksX; gSA ;g Hkh mYys[kuh; gS fd izkFkhZ vfHk;qä us /kkjk 482 n.M izfØ;k lafgrk ds vUrxZr tks ;kfpdk bl ekuuh; U;k;ky; esa is'k dh Fkh vkSj ftls bls U;k;ky; }kjk vius vkns'k fnukad 27-4-2002 ls fuLrkfjr djrs gq, lS'ku U;k;k/kh'k lhdj dks vUrfjr djus dk vkns'k fn;k Fkk] ml ;kfpdk esa izkFkhZ }kjk Li"V :i ls ifjlhek vof/k ds mijkUr izlaKku fy;s tkus dh vkifÙk yh x;h FkhA fuxjkuh U;k;ky; us bl ;kfpdk dks bl U;k;ky; ds vkns'kkuqlkj nkf.Md iqujh{k.k ;kfpdk ds :i esa ntZ dj fuLrkfjr rks fd;k gS fdUrq izkFkhZ dh vksj ls izlaKku ds lEcU/k esa mBk;h x;h mä fof/kd vkifÙk dk fuLrkj.k ugha fd;kA blds foijhr izkFkhZ vfHk;qä dh vksj ls izLrqr fuxjkuh dks vo'; ifjlhek vof/k lekIr gksus ds ,dek= vk/kkj ij vLoh—r dj fn;kA fuf'pr gh fuxjkuh U;k;ky; vij lS'ku U;k;k/kh'k la[;k 1 lhdj dk ;g vkns'k izkFkhZ vfHk;qä ds izfr iw.kZr% HksnHkkowi.kZ gS vkSj izkFkhZ vfHk;qä ds fo:) ifjlhek vof/k lekIr gksus ds mijkUr fy;s x;s izlaKku ds fcUnq dks fof/k:is.k fuf.kZr ugha fd;s tkus dkj.k vikLr fd;s tkus ;ksX; gSA 18- mä izdkj vfHk;qä izkFkhZ dh vsj ls izLrqr ;g ;kfpdk dsoy mä fof/kd fcUnq ij gh Lohdkj fd;s tkus ;ksX; gSA eSa bl er dk gwa fd bl ;kfpdk esa fo}ku vf/koäk izkFkhZ }kjk mBk;s x;s vU; dbZ rdZ@vkifÙk;ka@fcUnq Hkh rkfRod ,oa lkjHkwr gS tks foospu dh vis{kk j[krs gSaA blds vfrfjä Hkh fo}ku vf/koäk izkFkhZ dh vksj ls fofu.kZ; dkukjke cuke jktLFkku jkT; 2003¼1½ fØfeuy ykW fjiksVZj ¼jkt-½ 39 rFkk jktLFkku mPp U;k;ky; }kjk gh vkijkf/kd fofo/k ;kfpdk la[;k 1070@1993 Jh ukjk;.k ,oa vU; cuke jktLFkku jkT; esa ikfjr vkns'k fnukad 20-12-93] vkijkf/kd nkf.Md fofo/k ;kfpdk la[;k 451@92 dkywjke cuke jktLFkku jkT; esa ikfjr vkns'k fnukad 8-5-92] vkijkf/kd fofo/k ;kfpdk la[;k 23@94 dkywjke ,oa vU; cuke jktLFkku jkT; esa ikfjr vkns'k fnukad 15-4-94 izLrqr fd;s x;s gSa] ftuesa vR;Ur yEch vof/k ls vkijkf/kd dk;Zokgh fopkjk/khu gksus ds dkj.k ,slh dk;Zokgh dks jí ,oa vikLr fd;k x;k gSA bu fofu.kZ;ksa esa mfYyf[kr fLFkfr dh Hkkafr gLrxr ekeys esa Hkh ;gh fLFkfr fo|eku gSA fnukad 15-3-86 dh ?kVuk ds lEcU/k esa fnukad 4-12-86 dks vfUre izfrosnu izLrqr djus ds mijkUr Hkh fcuk fdlh ;Fkksfpr dkj.k bl vfUre izfrosnu ij vkns'k ikfjr djus gsrq bls yxHkx lk<+s ikap o"kZ rd yfEcr j[kk x;kA bl lEiw.kZ vof/k esa fn;s x;s <sj lkjs LFkxuksa dk ys'kek= Hkh vkSfpR; izrhr ugha gksrk gSA blds mijkUr ifjoknh rFkk vfHk;kstu dks xokgku dh lwph is'k djus gsrq mnkjrkiwoZd lSdM+ksa volj iznku fd;s x;s vkSj vUr esa ;g lwph fnukad 22-3-2003 dks izLrqr gqbZA bl izdkj yxHkx 25 o"kZ iwoZ dh ?kVuk ds lEcU/k esa fopkjk/khu ;g vkijkf/kd dk;Zokgh jí fd;s tkus dk fo}ku vf/koäk izkFkhZ dk rdZ vLoh—r fd;s tkus ;ksX; ugha gS fdUrq gLrxr ekeys esa Åij fd;s x;s foospu ds izdk'k tc ge ;g fu/kkZfjr dj pqds gSa fd fo}ku eftLVªsV }kjk vius vk{ksfir vkns'k fnukad 19-6-92 ds }kjk izkFkhZ vfHk;qä ,oa vU; vfHk;qäx.k ds fo:) /kkjk 147] 323 Hkkjrh; n.M lafgrk ds vijk/kksa ds vUrxZr fy;k ;g izlaKku vkns'k /kkjk 468 n.M izfØ;k lafgrk ds izko/kku ds vuqlkj ifjlhek vof/k ls ckf/kr gksus ds dkj.k voS/k gS rks vU; fdlh fcUnq ij foLrkj ls foospu dj fu"d"kZ vfHkfyf[kr fd;s tkus dh vko';drk izrhr ugha gksrh gSA 19- ifj.kker% Åij fd;s x;s foospu ds izdk'k esa vfHk;qä izkFkhZ nhun;ky 'kekZ dh vksj ls izLrqr ;g vkijkf/kd fofo/k ;kfpdk 1090@2005 Lohdkj djrs gq, fo}ku U;kf;d eftLVªsV la[;k 1] lhdj ds vkns'k fnukad 19-6-92 ftlds }kjk izkFkhZ ,oa vU; vfHk;qäx.k ds fo:) /kkjk 147] 323 Hkkjrh; n.M lafgrk ds vijk/kksa dk izlaKku fy;k x;k gS] dks rFkk vij lS'ku U;k;k/kh'k la[;k 1 lhdj ds vkns'k fnukad 27-7-2005 dks vikLr fd;k tkrk gsA QyLo:i izkFkhZ rFkk vU; lHkh vfHk;qäx.k ds fo:) ,QvkbZvkj la[;k 54@1986 Fkkuk dksrokyh] lhdj ds vk/kkj ij fopkj.k U;k;ky; esa fopkjk/khu izdj.k la[;k 415@1992 ljdkj cuke nhun;ky ,oa vU; dh dk;Zokgh jí dh tkrh gSA bl vkns'k ds QyLo:i layXu LFkxu vkosnu la[;k 1314@2005 Hkh fujLr fd;k tkrk gSA 20- fo}ku~ fopkj.k U;k;ky; dks funsZf'kr fd;k tkrk gS fd bl vkns'k ds vuqlj.k esa muds ;gka fopkjk/khu bl vkijkf/kd izdj.k dh i=koyh dks vko';d i`"Bkadu dj nkf[ky nrj djsaA fo}ku~ v/khuLFk U;k;ky; dk vfHkys[k vfoyEc okil izsf"kr fd;k tk,A 21- ;g nkf.Md fofo/k ;kfpdk mä izdkj fuLrkfjr djrs gq, layXu izkFkZuk i= la[;k 1314@2005 Hkh fujLr fd;k tkrk gSA