'kekZ] lnL;-&gLrxr pkjksa vihysa jkT; ljdkj tfj;s rglhynkj] chdkusj }kjk /kkjk 224 jktLFkku dk'rdkjh vf/kfu;e] 1955 ¼la{ksi esa vf/kfu;e½ ds vUrxZr jktLo vihy izkf/kdkjh] chdkusj }kjk ikfjr fu.kZ; ,oa fMØh fnukad 20-1-2002 ds fo:) izLrqr dh x;h gSA 2- pkjksa izdj.kksa ds rF;] fookn fcUnq ,oa vihyk/khu fu.kZ; ,d leku gksus ls budk fuLrkj.k mHk; i{k ds ;ksX; vf/koDrkx.k dh lgefr ls ,d lkFk fd;k tk jgk gSA fu.kZ; dh izfr izR;sd i=koyh esa j[kh tkosA 3- mijksDr gLrxr vihyksa ds la{ksi esa rF; bl izdkj ls gSa fd izR;FkhZx.k@oknhx.k us mi[k.M vf/kdkjh] ¼mRrj½ chdkusj ds U;k;ky; esa i`Fkd i`Fkd pkj okn jkT; ljdkj vihykFkhZ@izfroknh ds fo:) jktLFkku dk'rdkjh vf/kfu;e] 1955 dh /kkjk 88] 188 rFkk jktLFkku Hkw-jktLo vf/kfu;e]1956 dh /kkjk 125 ,oa 136 ds vUrxZr fookfnr vkjkft;kr ckcr izLrqr dj dFku fd;k fd jksgh ekstk pdxchZ esa fLFkr fookfnr Hkwfe iwoZ ls ysdj vkt rd muds dCts dk'r esa pyh vk jgh gSA mifuos'ku foHkkx }kjk izR;FkhZx.k@oknhx.k dks fookfnr vkjkth dk vLFkkbZ vkoaVu dj fn;k x;k rFkk mldk uohuhdj.k Hkh tc rd mifuos'ku foHkkx ds v/khu mDr jdck jgk] rc rd gksrk jgkA vr% mUgsa fookfnr vkjkth dk [kkrsnkj dk'rdkj ?kksf"kr fd;k tkos rFkk blh vuqlkj jktLo vfHkys[kksa dks nq:Lr dj fjdkWMZ esa bUnzkt fd;k tkosA lkFk gh jkT; 'kklu ds fo:) LFkkbZ fu"ks/kkKk tkjh dh tkosA izfroknh jkT; ljdkj dh vksj ls tokcnkok izLrqr dj pkjksa izdj.kksa esa vafdr dFkuksa dks vLohdkj fd;k x;k ,oa fo'ks"k fooj.k esa dFku fd;k fd jktLo vfHkys[k ds vuqlkj fookfnr Hkwfe;ksa ij laor~ 2012 ls ysdj vkt rd dCtk dk'r ugha gksus ds dkj.k izR;FkhZx.k@oknhx.k dks fookfnr vkjkth dh [kkrsnkjh ugha nh tk ldrh gSA fopkj.k U;k;ky; us pkjksa izdj.kksa esa okni= o tokcnkos ds vk/kkj ij nknjlh lfgr pkj fook|d dk;e fd;sA rRi'pkr~ fopkj.k U;k;ky; us mHk; i{k dh vksj ls izLrqr ekSf[kd ,oa nLrkosth lk{; fyfic) dj vius fu.kZ; ,oa fMØh fnukad 31-10-1995 ls pkjksa izdj.kksa dks fMØh dj fn;kA fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk ikfjr fu.kZ;ksa ,oa fMfØ;ksa ds fo:) jkT; 'kklu }kjk jktLo vihy izkf/kdkjh] chdkusj ds U;k;ky; esa pkj vihysa izLrqr dh x;h ftUgsa mUgksaus vius fu.kZ; fnukad 30-12-1997 ls fe;kn ckgj ekurs gq, pkjksa vihyksa dks [kkfjt dj fn;kA 4- jktLo vihy izkf/kdkjh] chdkusj }kjk ikfjr fu.kZ; fnukad 30-12-1997 ds fo:) jkT; 'kklu us jktLo e.My ds le{k iqujh{k.k ;kfpdk,a izLrqr dh] ftUgsa jktLo e.My dh ekuuh; ,dyihB us vius fu.kZ; fnukad 10-8-2001 ls lHkh nl fuxjkuh ;kfpdkvksa dks Lohdkj djrs gq, izdj.kksa esa xq.kkoxq.k ij fu.kZ; djus gsrq jktLo vihy izkf/kdkjh] chdkusj dks izfrizsf"kr fd;kA izfrizsf"kr fu.kZ; dh vuqikyuk esa jktLo vihy izkf/kdkjh] chdkusj us izdj.k dks iqu% ntZ jftLVj djus ds mijkUr mHk;i{k ds ;ksX; vf/koDrkx.k dh cgl lqudj vius fu.kZ; ,oa fMØh fnukad 28-1-2002 ls jkT; ljdkj dh vksj ls izLrqr lHkh nl vihyksa dks ,d gh fu.kZ; ls [kkfjt dj fn;kA jktLo vihy izkf/kdkjh }kjk ikfjr fu.kZ;ksa ls O;fFkr gksdj jkT; ljdkj }kjk ;s pkj vihysa izLrqr dh x;h gSA 5- geus mHk; i{k ds ;ksX; fo}ku vf/koDrkx.k dh cgl lquh ,oa i=koyh dk voyksdu fd;k x;kA 6- ;ksX; mi-jktdh; vf/koDrk us viuh cgl esa dFku fd;k fd v/khuLFk U;k;ky;ksa }kjk ikfjr fu.kZ; ,oa fMØh U;k;] fu;e ,oa fjdkWMZ ds foijhr gksus ls fujLruh; gSA mudk dFku gS fd v/khuLFk U;k;ky;ksa dk fu.kZ; f[kykQ dkuwu ,oa fely ij miyC/k lk{; ,oa rF;ksa ds foijhr gSA fopkj.k U;k;ky; us oknh izR;FkhZ dks vkoafVr jdcs ls vf/kd jdcs dh [kkrsnkjh iznku dj fof/kd =qfV dkfjr dh gSA ijh{k.k U;k;ky; us okni= ,oa tokcnkos ds vk/kkj ij ewy okn esa nknjlh lfgr pkj fook/kd dk;e fd;s fdUrq ikfjr fu.kZ;ksa esa rudhokj foospu ,oa fo'ys"k.k ugha fd;k x;k gSA bl izdkj fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk rudhokj fu.kZ; ikfjr ugha dj flfoy izfØ;k lafgrk ds vkns'k 20 fu;e 5 esa izkof/kr izko/kkuksa dk mYya?ku fd;k gSA blh izdkj izFke vihyh; U;k;ky; us Hkh fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk ikfjr fu.kZ; ,oa fMØh dh iqf"V djrs gq, rudhokj viuk vfHker izdV ugha fd;k gSA mudk dFku gS fd fopkj.k U;k;ky; us jkT; ljdkj ds fofHkUu vkns'kksa ds rgr oknh dks fookfnr Hkwfe ds [kkrsnkjh vf/kdkj iznku fd;s gSa tcfd jktLFkku dk'rdkjh vf/kfu;e dh /kkjk 13] 15 ,oa 19 ds vfrfjDr vU; fdlh izko/kku ds rgr oknh dks fookfnr Hkwfe dh [kkrsnkjh ugha fey ldrh FkhA fookfnr Hkwfe uxjifj"kn lhek esa fLFkr gksus ls Hkh oknh dks fookfnr Hkwfe dh [kkrsnkjh ugha nh tk ldrh Fkh rFkk fookfnr Hkwfe uxj ifj"kn o LFkkuh; uxj lq/kkj U;kl esa fufgr Fkh ftUgsa i{kdkj Hkh ugha cuk;k x;k gSA ;ksX; jktdh; mi-vf/koDrk us /kkjk 5 fe;kn vf/kfu;e ds izkFkZuk i= esa of.kZr rF;ksa dks nksgjkrs gq, vihy izLrqr djus esa gqbZ nsjh dks ln~Hkkoh ,oa ;qfDr;qDr gksuk crkrs gq, foyEc dks {kek fd;s tkus dh izkFkZuk dhA bl izdkj vihykFkhZ dh vksj ls izLrqr vihy dks Lohdkj dj v/khuLFk U;k;ky;ksa }kjk ikfjr fu.kZ;ksa ,oa fMØh dks fujLr fd;s tkus ,oa oknh izR;FkhZ dh vksj ls fopkj.k U;k;ky; ds le{k izLrqr okn dks [kkfjt fd;s tkus dh nyhy izLrqr dhA 7- ;ksX; vf/koDrk izR;FkhZx.k us viuh cgl esa dFku fd;k fd v/khuLFk U;k;ky;ksa }kjk fof/klEer fu.kZ; ikfjr fd;s x;s gS] ftuesa fdlh izdkj dh dksbZ fof/kd vFkok rF;kRed =qfV ugha gSA mUgksaus cgl esa dFku fd;k fd jkT; 'kklu }kjk izLrqr vihysa fe;kn ckgj gSA vr% fe;kn ds fcUnq ij gh [kkfjt dh tkosaA mudk vkxs dFku gS fd fookfnr Hkwfe ij muds i{kdkj dk dCtk dk'r lEor~ 2012 ls yxkrkj pyk vk jgk gSA oknxzLr jdck izR;FkhZ ds uke ls jktLo fjdkWMZ esa xSj [kkrsnkjh esa ntZ FkkA jkT; esa mifuos'ku dkuwu ykxw gksus ds i'pkr~ mlh jdcs dks gekjh ik=rk ds vk/kkj ij mifuos'ku vf/kdkfj;ksa }kjk vkoaVu fd;k x;kA mDr jdck mifuos'ku {ks= ls iqu% jktLo {ks= esa vkus ij izR;FkhZ dh ogh fLFkfr gks x;h tks mifuos'ku {ks= esa tkus ls iwoZ dh Fkh ;kfu og mDr jdcs dk xSj [kkrsnkj dk'rdkj gks x;kA mDr fLFkfr esa jkT; ljdkj }kjk tkjh vf/klwpukvksa rFkk fu;eksa ds vk/kkj ij v/khuLFk U;k;ky;ksa us izR;FkhZx.kksa ds i{k esa fu.kZ; ,oa fMØh ikfjr dh gS] tks fof/kuqlkj gSA mudk dFku gS fd jkT; ljdkj ds vkns'k fnukad 4-1-1989 ,oa 3-1-1978 esa ;g Li"V funsZ'k gS fd ,sls O;fDr ftUgsa iwoZ esa Hkwfe vkoaVu gS rFkk vfHkys[kksa esa vafdr gS vFkok xSj [kkrsnkj ntZ gSa rFkk ftudk fujUrj dCtk dk'r gS] mUgsa Lor% [kkrsnkj vafdr fd;k tkosA izLrqr izdj.kksa esa izR;FkhZx.k }kjk fjdkWMZ ,ao vU; lk{; ls vius nkos dks izekf.kr fd;k x;k] ftlds vk/kkj ij fopkj.k U;k;ky; us fookfnr Hkwfe dks i{kdkjku ds uke ntZ djus dk fu.kZ; ikfjr fd;k gSA mudk ;g Hkh dFku gS fd nksuksa v/khuLFk U;k;ky;ksa }kjk leorhZ fu"d"kZ izdV djrs gq, fu.kZ; ,oa fMØh ikfjr dh xbZ gS] ftuesa f}rh; vihy ds Lrj ij gLr{ksi fd;k tkuk U;k;ksfpr ugha gSA vr% vihykFkhZ }kjk izLrqr vihysa [kkfjt dh tkosA 8- geus mHk; i{k ds ;ksX; vf/koDrkx.k }kjk izLrqr cgl ij euu fd;k rFkk v/khuLFk U;k;ky;ksa dh i=koyh dk /;kuiwoZd v/;;u ,oa ewY;kadu fd;kA 9- loZizFke ge pkjksa vihyksa ds lkFk izLrqr /kkjk 5 fe;kn vf/kfu;e ds izkFkZuk i= dks fuf.kZr djuk mfpr le>rs gSaaA /kkjk 5 fe;kn vf/kfu;e ds izkFkZuk i= o 'kiFk i= esa mYysf[kr vuqlkj izHkkjh vf/kdkjh vkoaVu@fu;eu f'kfoj o vdky jkgr dk;ksZ rFkk iz'kklfud dk;ksZ esa O;Lr gksus ls vihysa izLrqr djus esa foyEc gqvk gS] tks lUrks"kizn o lnHkkoh gksus ls {kek ;ksX; gSA /kkjk 5 fe;kn vf/kfu;e ds izkFkZuk i= esa mYysf[kr rF;ksa ds leFkZu esa izHkkjh vf/kdkjh Jh lsokjke Lokeh] rglhynkj chdksuj us viuk 'kiFk i= izLrqr fd;k gSA mDr rF;ksa ds izfrmRrj esa izR;FkhZ i{k }kjk dkmUVj 'kiFk i= izLrqr ugha fd;k x;k gSA ;g U;k;ky; ^^dukZVd jkT; cuke eksbZnhu** dqUgh ¼e`rd½ ds fof/kd izfrfuf/k;ksa o vU; ds ekeys esa ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; ds fu.kZ; dks ;gka lqyHk lanHkZ ds :i esa m)fjr djuk mfpr le>rs gS tks ,-vkbZ-vkj- 2009 ,llh i`"B 2561 ij m)fjr gS ,oa ftlesa ;g vfHker izdV fd;k x;k gS& The law of limitation is, no doubt, the same for a private citizen as for governmental authorities. Government, like any other litigant must take responsibility for the acts or omissions of its officers. But a somewhat different complexion is imparted to the matter where Govt. makes out a case where public interest was shown to have suffered owing to acts of fraud or bad faith on the part of its officers or agents and where the officers were clearly at cross purposes with it. Therefore, in assessing what, in a particular case, constitutes "sufficient cause" for purposes of Section 5, it might, perhaps, be somewhat unrealistic to exclude from the considerations that go into the judicial verdict, these factors which are peculiar to and characteristic of the functioning of the Govt. Governmental decisions are proverbially slow encumbered, as they are, by a considerable degree of procedural red tape in the process of their making. A certain amount of latitude is, therefore, not impermissible. It is rightly said that those who bear responsibility of Government must have "a little play at the joints". Due recognition of these limitations on governmental functioning-of course, within reasonable limits- is necessary if the judicial approach is not to be rendered unrealistic. It would, perhaps, be unfair and unrealistic to put government and private parties on the same footing in all respects in such matters. Implicit in the very nature of governmental functioning is procedural delay incidental to the decision-making process. In the opinion of the High Court, the conduct of the law officers of the Govt. placed the Govt. in a predicament and that it was one of those cases where the mala fides of the officers should not be imputed to Government. It relied upon and trusted its law officers. Lindley, M.R., in the In re National Bank of Wales Ltd. (1899) 2 Ch. 629 at p. 673 observed, though in a different context: "Business cannot be carried on upon principles of distrust. It relied upon and trusted its law officers. Lindley, M.R., in the In re National Bank of Wales Ltd. (1899) 2 Ch. 629 at p. 673 observed, though in a different context: "Business cannot be carried on upon principles of distrust. Men in responsible positions must be trusted by those below them, until there is reason to distrust them." mijksDr fu.kZ; ds izdk'k esa bl U;k;ky; dk lqfopkfjr er gS fd /kkjk 5 fe;kn vf/kfu;e ds izkFkZuk i= esa mYysf[kr rF;ksa ds en~nsutj vihy izLrqr djus esa gqbZ nsjh dks ln~Hkkoh ,oa lUrks"kizn ekurs gq,] foyEc dks {kek fd;k tkuk U;k;ksfpr gSA bl lEcU/k esa U;kf;d n`"Vkar 1998 vkj-vkj-Mh- i`"B 319] 2002 vkj-vkj-Mh- i`"B 37 esa Hkh ;gh fl)kar izfrikfnr fd;k x;k gSA rn~uqlkj /kkjk 5 fe;kn vf/kfu;e ds izkFkZuk i= dks Lohdkj dj vihysa izLrqr djus esa gq, foyEc dks {kek fd;k tkrk gSA 10- fopkj.k U;k;ky; mi[k.M vf/kdkjh ¼mRrj½ chdkusj }kjk bu pkjksa izdj.kksa esa nknjlh lfgr fuEu pkj fook|d fojfpr fd;s x;s gS& ¼1½ vk;k oknh oknxzLr Hkwfe dk [kkrsnkj dk'rdkj ?kksf"kr djokus o nq:Lrh jsdkWMZ djokus dk vf/kdkjh gS & oknh ¼2½ vk;k oknh oknxzLr Hkwfe ckcr fpj fu"ks/kkKk ikus dk vf/kdkjh gS & oknh ¼3½ vk;k oknh jktLo fjdkWMZ esa lEor~ 2012 ls ysdj vkt rd dCtk dk'r ugha gksus ds dkj.k [kkrsnkjh ikus dk vf/kdkjh ugha gS & izfroknh ¼4½ nknjlhA fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk mHk; i{k dh ekSf[kd ,oa nLrkosth lk{; fyfic) dh x;hA rRi'pkr~ i{kdkjku ds vf/koDrkx.k dh cgl lqudj fu.kZ; ,oa fMØh fnukad 31-10-1995 dks ikfjr dh xbZA fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk ikfjr fu.kZ; esa i{kdkjku dh vksj ls izLrqr nLrkosth ,oa ekSf[kd lk{; ij dksbZ foospu ,oa fo'ys"k.k ugha fd;k x;k gS] uk gh dk;e dh x;h rudh;kr ij dksbZ foospu ,oa fo'ys"k.k fd;k x;k gSA dsoy ek= ikfjr fu.kZ; esa jkT; ljdkj }kjk tkjh vkns'k fnukad 3-1-1979 ,oa 4-1-1989 ds vuqlj.k esa oknh izR;FkhZ }kjk izLrqr okn dks fMØh fd;k x;k gSA flfoy izfØ;k lafgrk ds vkns'k 20 fu;e 5 esa ;g izkof/kr fd;k x;k gS fd & ^^U;k;ky; gj ,d fook|d ij vius fofu'p; dk dFku djsxk & mu oknksa esa] ftuesa fook|d dh fojpuk dh xbZ gS] tc rd fd fook|dksa esa ls fdlh ,d ;k vf/kd dk fu"d"kZ okn ds fofu'p; ds fy, i;kZIr u gks] U;k;ky; gj ,d i`Fkd fook|d ij viuk fu"d"kZ ;k fofu'p;u ml fufer dkj.kksa ds lfgr nsxkA** 11- izLrqr izdj.k esa fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk fojfpr dh x;h rudh;kr ij dksbZ foospu ,oa fo'ys"k.k ugha fd;k x;k gSA flfoy izfØ;k lafgrk ds vkns'k 20 fu;e 5 ds vuqlkj U;k;ky; dks i`Fkd i`Fkd rudh;kr ij viuk fu"d"kZ fufer dkj.kksa lfgr nsuk vkKkid gSA blh izdkj izFke vihyh; U;k;ky; }kjk Hkh ewy okn esa dk;e dh x;h rudh;kr ij dksbZ foospu ,oa fo'ys"k.k ugha fd;k x;k gS tcfd vkns'k 41 fu;e 31 esa izkof/kr izko/kku ds vuqlkj U;k;ky; }kjk izR;sd rudh ij rudhokj fu.kZ; ikfjr fd;k tkuk vko';d gSA fofHkUu ekuuh; U;k;ky;ksa }kjk izfrikfnr U;kf;d n`"VkUrksa esa blh vk'k; dk ewyHkwr fl)kUr izfrikfnr gS fd v/khuLFk U;k;ky;ksa }kjk izR;sd rudh ij rudhokj i`Fkd i`Fkd foospu ,oa fo'ys"k.k fd;k tkuk vko';d gSA 12- vfHkHkk"kd vihykFkhZ dk ;g Hkh rdZ gS fd fookfnr Hkwfe uxj ifj"kn o LFkkuh; uxj lq/kkj U;kl] chdkusj esa fufgr Fkh ftUgsa okn esa i{kdkj ugha cuk;k gSA bl lEcU/k esa jktLFkku uxj lq/kkj vf/kfu;e] 1959 dh /kkjk 43¼i½ ds izko/kku dks ns[kk tkuk lehphu gS tks fuEu izdkj gS& The State Government may by notification in the official Gazette and upon such terms and conditions may be agreed upon between it and the Trust, place at the disposal of the Trust all or any improved and unimproved lands in the urban area for which the Trust has been constituted and which may be vested in the State (known and hereinafter referred to as Nazul lands) for the purposes of improvement in accordance with a scheme framed and sanctioned under this Act. mDr izko/kku ds rgr jkT; 'kklu }kjk tkjh xtV vf/klwpuk No. F1 (13) TP/II/72 fnukad 16-6-1976 }kjk chdkusj uxj fodkl U;kl ds vUrxZr vkus okys uxjh; {ks= esa xzke pdxchZ dks chdkusj fodkl U;kl ds v/khu uxjh; {ks= ?kksf"kr fd;k x;k gSA mi[k.M vf/kdkjh ds ;gka okn o"kZ 1995 esa lafLFkr gqvk gS tks pdxchZ xzke ds o"kZ 1976 esa uxjh; {ks= esa vkus ds ckn nk;j gqvk gSA vr% uxj fodkl U;kl@uxj ifj"kn chdkusj vko';d i{kdkj gSA ysfdu mUgsa u rks i{kdkj cuk;k x;k u gh lquokbZ dk volj fn;k x;k gSA 13- mijksDr foospu ls Li"V gS fd nksuksa gh v/khuLFk U;k;ky;ksa }kjk fof/k ds lqLFkkfir izko/kkuksa dh vogsyuk dj fu.kZ; ikfjr fd;s x;s gSaA blfy, izdj.k ds xq.kkoxq.k ij fdlh Hkh izdkj dh fVIi.kh fd;s fcuk fof/kd izko/kkuksa dh vuqikyuk gsrq izdj.k fopkj.k U;k;ky; dks izfrizsf"kr fd;k tkuk U;k;ksfpr izrhr gksrk gSA 14- ifj.kker% vihykFkhZ jkT; ljdkj dh vksj ls izLrqr pkjksa f}rh; vihy vkaf'kd :i ls Lohdkj dh tkdj jktLo vihy izkf/kdkjh] chdkusj }kjk ikfjr fu.kZ; ,oa fMØh fnuakd 28-1-2002 ,oa mi[k.M vf/kdkjh ¼mRrj½ chdkusj }kjk ikfjr fu.kZ; ,oa fMØh fnukad 31-10-1995 vikLr fd;s tkrs gSaA izdj.k mi[k.M vf/kdkjh ¼mRrj½ chdkusj dks bl funsZ'k ds lkFk izfrizsf"kr fd;k tkrk gS fd os mijksDr izs{k.kksa ds vkyksd esa mijksDr pkj rufd;ksa ds vfrfjDr nks vfrfjDr fook|d cuk;s tkosa% ¼i½ vk;k oknxzLr vkjkth uxjh; {ks= esa vk tkus ls lacaf/kr LFkkuh; fudk; dks i{kdkj cuk;k tkuk vko';d gS\ & izfroknhA ¼ii½ vk;k uxjh; {ks= esa jktdh; Hkwfe ds fu;eu ij jksd gksus ds ckotwn Hkh fookfnr jktdh; Hkwfe ij [kkrsnkjh vf/kdkj izfrdwy dCts ;k dfri; ifji=ksa ds ek/;e ls fn;s tk ldrs gSa\ & izfroknh 15- i{kdkjku dks tfj;s vf/koDrkx.k ikcUn fd;k tkrk gS fd os mi[k.M vf/kdkjh ¼mRrj½ chdkusj ds U;k;ky; esa fnukad 5-9-2012 dks mifLFkr gksdj okn ds 'kh?kz fuLrkj.k esa U;k;ky; dks lg;ksx iznku djsaA 16- pwafd izdj.k dkQh iqjkuk gS vr% fopkj.k U;k;ky; mi[k.M vf/kdkjh ¼mRrj½ chdkusj dks funsZf'kr fd;k tkrk gS fd os ewy okn dk fuLrkj.k fof/k lEer izfØ;k viukrs gq, vf/kdre N% ekg dh vof/k esa djsaxsA fu.kZ; [kqys U;k;ky; esa lquk;k x;kA