ekFkqj] lnL;-&gLrxr f}rh; vihy jktLFkku dk'rdkjh vf/kfu;e ¼laf{kIr esa vf/kfu;e½] 1955 dh /kkjk 224 ds vUrxZr fo}ku jktLo vihy izkf/kdkjh] lokbZ ek/kksiqj }kjk vihy la[;k 128@02 esa fnukad 13-8-2002 dks ikfjr fu.kZ; ,oa fMØh ds fo:) izLrqr dh xbZ gSA 2- izdj.k ds lqlaxr rF; laf{kIr esa fuEu izdkj ls gSa fd vihykFkhZ jkeLo:i us mi [k.M vf/kdkjh] xaxkiqjflVh ds le{k xzke lhrksM+ rglhy ckeuokl ftyk lokbZ ek/kksiqj esa vofLFkr vkjkth [kljk la[;k 122@3] 122@4] 122@6 ,oa 122@8 ds laca/k esa jktLFkku dk'rdkjh vf/kfu;e] 1955 ds vUrxZr mn~?kks"k.kk] bUnzkt nq:Lrh ,oa LFkkbZ fu"ks/kkKk ds jktLo okn Øe'k% okn la[;k 1415@97 ,oa 418@88 izLrqr fd;sA tks nksuksa okn fopkj.k U;k;ky; us lesfdr :i ls fnukad 28-4-2000 dks Lohdkj dj fu.khZr fd;sA mi ftyk dysDVj] xaxkiqjflVh }kjk fnukad 28-4-2000 dks ikfjr fu.kZ; ls O;fFkr gksdj izR;FkhZx.k us fo}ku jktLo vihy izkf/kdkjh] lokbZ ek/kksiqj ds le{k izFke vihy izLrqr dhA mDr izFke vihy fo}ku jktLo vihy izkf/kdkjh] lokbZ ek/kksiqj us vkyksP; fu.kZ; fnukad 13-8-2002 }kjk Lohdkj dj fopkj.k U;k;ky; }kjk izdj.k la[;k 1415@97 ,oa 418@88 esa ikfjr fu.kZ; fnukad 28-4-2000 dks fujLr fd;kA ftl vkyksP; fu.kZ; fnukad 13-8-2002 ls O;fFkr gksdj gLrxr f}rh; vihy izLrqr dh x;h gSA 3- geus mHk; i{k ds fo}ku vfHkHkk"kdx.k dh cgl lquh ,oa i=koyh dk voyksdu fd;kA 4- fo}ku vfHkHkk"kd vihykFkhZx.k dk dFku gS fd izdj.k la[;k 1415@97 jkthukesa ds vk/kkj ij fuLrkfjr fd;k x;k gSA izFke vihyh; U;k;ky; ds le{k orZeku izR;FkhZx.k us izdj.k la[;k 418@88 esa ikfjr fu.kZ; ls O;fFkr gksdj gh vihy izLrqr dh Fkh tcfd vkyksP; fu.kZ; }kjk okn la[;k 1415@97 esa ikfjr fu.kZ; dks Hkh vuqfpr :i ls fujLr dj fn;k gS ftlds fo:) dksbZ vihy izLrqr ugha dh x;h gSA fo}ku vfHkHkk"kd vihykFkhZx.k dk ;g Hkh dFku gS fd okn la[;k 418@88 esa 19 izfroknhx.k Fks] ysfdu dqy ikap izfroknhx.k us gh izFke vihyh; U;k;ky; ds le{k vihy izLrqr dh gS ,oa 'ks"k izfroknhx.k dks izFke vihyh; U;k;ky; us i{kdkj ds :i esa la;ksftr ugha fd;k gS] tks Hkh fof/kuqdwy ugha gSA vr% izFke vihyh; U;k;ky; }kjk ikfjr fu.kZ; fnukad 13-8-2002 fujLr fd;s tkus ;ksX; gSA vius rdksZ ds leFkZu esa fo}ku vfHkHkk"kd vihykFkhZx.k us fuEu U;kf;d n`"VkUr izLrqr fd;s & ¼1½ 2006¼1½ Mh,uts ¼jktLFkku½ i`"B 360 ¼2½ 1994 vkj-vkj-Mh- i`"B 168 5- blds foijhr fo}ku vfHkHkk"kd izR;FkhZx.k dk dFku gS fd ewy okn ds 'ks"k izfroknhx.k ds fo:) fdlh izdkj dk vuqrks"k ugha ekaxk x;k gSA vr% mUgsa i{kdkj ds :i esa la;ksftr ugha fd;k x;k gSA mudk ;g Hkh dFku gS fd izFke vihy ek= orZeku izR;FkhZx.k esa fufgr 1-22 gSDVs;j ds bUnzkt nq:Lrh ds laca/k esa gh izLrqr dh x;h gS] vr% 'ks"k izfroknhx.k dks i{kdkj ds :i esa la;ksftr fd;k tkuk vko';d ugha FkkA fu"d"kZr% gLrxr f}rh; vihy fujLr fd;s tkus ;ksX; gSA 6- geus mHk; i{k ds fo}ku vfHkHkk"kdx.k dh cgl ij euu fd;k ,oa i=koyh dk vk|ksikar voyksdu fd;kA 7- i=koyh ds voyksdu ls ;g Li"V gksrk gS fd ;|fi okn la[;k 1415@97 esa fnukad 19-5-1998 dks mHk; i{k }kjk jkthukek izLrqr fd;k Fkk] ysfdu fopkj.k U;k;ky; us mDr izdj.k jkthukesa ds vk/kkj ij fuLrkfjr ugha fd;k gS] uk gh jkthukesa dks vk/kkj cukdj fdlh izdkj dh fMØh ikfjr dh gS] cfYd okn la[;k 1415@97 ,oa 418@88 lesfdr dj i=koyh ij miyC/k lk{; ds vk/kkj ij viuk lesfdr fu.kZ; fnukad 28-4-2000 dks ikfjr fd;k gS ,oa fnukad 28-4-2000 dks okn la[;k 1415@97 ,oa 418@88 ds fo:) fu.kZ; dks gh izFke vihyh; U;k;ky; ds le{k pqukSrh nh x;h gSA ftldh iqf"V izFke vihyh; U;k;ky; ds le{k izLrqr Kkiu ls Hkh gksrh gS vr% fo}ku vfHkHkk"kd vihykFkhZ dk ;g dFku fd okn la[;k 1415@97 ds fu.kZ; dks izFke vihyh; U;k;ky; us vuqfpr :i ls fujLr dj fn;k tcfd mlds fo:) dksbZ vihy izLrqr ugha dh x;h gS] lkjghu izrhr gksrk gSaA 8- fo}ku vfHkHkk"kd vihykFkhZ dk ;g dFku fd okn la[;k 418@88 esa 19 izfroknhx.k Fks] ysfdu ikap izfroknhx.k us gh izFke vihy izLrqr dh gS ,oa 'ks"k lg izfroknhx.k dks i{kdkj ds :i esa la;ksftr ugha fd;k x;k gS] tks fof/kuqdwy ugha gksus ds dkj.k f}rh; vihy Lohdkj fd;s tkus ;ksX; gS] Hkh iks"k.kh; izrhr ugha gksrk gS] D;ksafd O;ogkj izfØ;k lafgrk dk vkns'k 41 fu;e 4 dk izko/kku bl laca/k esa Lo;aeso lqLi"V gS ftlds vuqlkj tgka okn esa ,d ls vf/kd oknh ;k izfroknh gS vkSj og fMØh ftldh vihy dh tkrh gS] fdlh ,sls vk/kkj ij nh x;h gS tks lHkh okfn;ksa ;k lHkh izfrokfn;ksa ds fy, lkekU; gSA ogka okfn;ksa ;k izfrokfn;ksa esa ls dksbZ Hkh ,d iwjh fMØh dh vihy dj ldsxk vkSj vihy U;k;ky; rc rd ml fMØh dks] lHkh okfn;ksa ds ;k izfrokfn;ksa ds i{k esa iyV ldsxk ;k mlesa ifjorZu dj ldsxkA 9- gLrxr izdj.k esa Hkh fopkj.k U;k;ky; us viuk fu.kZ; lHkh okfn;ksa ,oa izfrokfn;ksa ds fy, lkekU; vk/kkj ij ikfjr fd;k gS] vr% O;ogkj izfØ;k lafgrk ds vkns'k 41 fu;e 4 ds vUrxZr fopkj.k U;k;ky; esa la;ksftr dqN i{kdkj }kjk gh vihy djus ij vihy Li"V :i ls iks"k.kh; gSA 10- tgka rd vU; izfroknhx.k dks i{kdkj ugha cuus ds vk/kkj ij vihy fujLr fd;s tkus dk iz'u gSA bl laca/k esa O;ogkj izfØ;k lafgrk dk vkns'k 1 fu;e 9 Lo;aeso Li"V gS] tks fuEu izdkj ls gS& ^^dqla;kstu ,oa vla;kstu& dksbZ Hkh okn i{kdkjksa ds dqla;kstu ds dkj.k foQy ugha gksxk vkSj U;k;ky; gj okn esa fooknxzLr fo"k; dk fuiVkjk ogka rd dj ldsxk tgka rd mu i{kdkjksa ds] tks mlds oLrqr% le{k gS] vf/kdkjksa vkSj fgrksa dk laca/k gSA** ¼ijUrq bl fu;e dh dksbZ ckr fdlh vko';d i{kdkj ds vla;kstu dks ykxw ugha gksxhA½ 11- mijksDr izko/kkuksa ds vuqlkj vihy ek= i{kdkj ds dqla;kstu ;k vla;kstu ds vk/kkj ij fujLr ugha dh tk ldrh gSA gkykafd vkiokfnd :i ls mijksDr fu;e vko';d i{kdkj ds vla;kstu ij ykxw ugha gksrk gSA vko';d i{kdkj Hkh ek= og i{kdkj gh ekuk x;k gS ftlds fcuk okn esa vUroZfyr lHkh iz'uksa dk izHkkoh rkSj ij iw.kZ U;k; fu.kZ;u ml i{kdkj dh mifLFkfr ds fcuk ugha gks ldrk gSA 12- ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; us Hkh U;kf;d n`"VkUr ,vkbZvkj 1962 ¼mPpre U;k;ky;½ i`"B 89 esa ;g izfrikfnr fd;k gS fd& ``The same conclusion is to be drawn from the provisions of Order 1 Rule 9 of Code which provides that no suit shall be defeated by reason of the misjoinder or non-joinder of parties and the Court may, in every suit, deal with the matter in controversy so far as regards the rights and interests of the parties actually before it. It follows, therefore, that if the Court can deal with the matter in controversy so far as regards the rights and interests of the appellant and the respondents other than the deceased respondent, it has to proceed with the appeal and decide it. It is only when it is not possible for the Court to deal with such matters, that it will have to refuse to proceed further with the appeal and therefore dismiss it." 13- ekuuh; jktLFkku mPp U;k;ky; us Hkh U;kf;d n`"VkUr ,vkbZvkj 1961 jktLFkku i`"B 89 esa ;g vfHkfu/kkZfjr fd;k gS fd& "The general rule is that on an appeal by one of several plaintiffs or defendants, the Appellate Court can reverse or vary the decree of the trial Court only in favour of the party appealing. Order 41, Rule 4 provides an exception to this general rule and gives the Court power to pass an appropriate decree in favour of even the non-appealing plaintiffs or defendants where the requirement of that rule is satisfied. This requirement is that the decree appealed from should proceed on any ground common to all the plaintiffs or to all the defendants. It is not necessary that all the grounds upon which the lower Court proceeds should be common to all the parties. In such a case, an appeal by one is virtually treated as an appeal by all, though they may not be parties to the appeal." 14- blh izdkj U;kf;d n`"VkUr ,-vkbZ-vkj- 1959 iatkc i`"B 555 esa Hkh ;g izfrikfnr fd;k gS fd& "Order 41, Rule 4 is an enabling provision and empowers Courts to exercise discretion in favour of persons who have not appealed against the decree provided the decisions proceeds on grounds common to the appellants and the non-appealing persons. This rule does not say that this power can be exercised only if the nonappealing persons are parties to the appeal. In fact it is only just and proper that a person who has not appealed or who has not been impleaded as a pro forma respondent may be given relief by Courts on any ground common to all the plaintiffs or the defendants so that full effect may be given to the decision of the Court. In fact it is only just and proper that a person who has not appealed or who has not been impleaded as a pro forma respondent may be given relief by Courts on any ground common to all the plaintiffs or the defendants so that full effect may be given to the decision of the Court. Such an exercise of power under Order 41, Rule 33, Civil Procedure Code in favour of an absent party also would make the decision of the Court consistent." 15- mijksDr Øe esa gh U;kf;d n`"VkUr ,-vkbZ-vkj- 1963 bykgkckn i`"B 108 esa Hkh ;g vfHkfu/kkZfjr fd;k x;k gS& "An Appellate Court can grant a decree in favour of all the plaintiffs or defendants even though some of the plaintiffs or defendants had not appealed and non appealing plaintiffs or defendants had not been made parties to the appeal." 16- pwafd gLrxr izdj.k esa fopkj.k U;k;ky; us fMØh leLr i{kdkjksa ds vuq:i lkekU; vk/kkj ij ikfjr dh gSA vr% izFke vihy esa vUroZfyr lHkh iz'uksa dk izHkkoh ,oa iw.kZ :i ls U;k; fu.kZ;u 'ks"k lg izfroknhx.k dks la;ksftr fd;s fcuk izHkkoh rkSj ij fd;k tk ldrk FkkA vr% 'ks"k lg izfroknhx.k ds vla;kstu ek= ls izFke vihyh; U;k;ky; }kjk dh x;h dk;Zokgh nwf"kr ,oa fof/k fo:) ugha gksrh gSA 17- fo}ku vfHkHkk"kd vihykFkhZ }kjk izLrqr U;kf;d n`"VkUr 1994 vkjvkjMh i`"B 168 oknh dh e`R;q gksus ij mlds leLr fof/kd izfrfuf/k dks i{kdkj ds :i esa la;ksftr ugha djus ls lacaf/kr gS ,oa vU; U;kf;d n`"VkUr 2006¼1½ Mh,uts ¼jktLFkku½ i`"B 360 esa O;ogkj izfØ;k lafgrk ds vkns'k 1 fu;e 9 ,oa vkns'k 41 fu;e 4 dh vksj ekuuh; U;k;ky; dk /;ku vkdf"kZr ugha djk;k x;k gSA 18- vr% ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; ,oa ekuuh; jktLFkku mPp U;k;ky; lfgr fofHkUu mPp U;k;ky;ksa }kjk ikfjr fu.kZ;ksa esa izfrikfnr fof/kd fl)kUrksa rFkk O;ogkj izfØ;k lafgrk ds vkns'k 1 fu;e 9 ,oa vkns'k 41 fu;e 4 ds izko/kkuksa dks n`f"Vxr j[krs gq, gLrxr vihy Lohdkj fd;k tkuk fof/k lEer ugha gSA 19- fu"d"kZr% gLrxr f}rh; vihy vLohdkj dj fujLr dh tkrh gS ,oa fo}ku jktLo vihy izkf/kdkjh] lokbZ ek/kksiqj }kjk ikfjr fu.kZ; fnukad 13-8-2002 ;Fkkor j[kk tkrk gSA fu.kZ; [kqys U;k;ky; esa lquk;k x;kA