vxzoky] lnL;-&jktLFkku dk'rdkjh vf/kfu;e] 1955 ¼la{ksi esa ^vf/kfu;e] 1955*½ dh /kkjk 224 ds vUrxZr ;s 6 vihysa U;k;ky; Hkw izcU/k vf/kdkjh insu jktLo vihy izkf/kdkjh] mn;iqj ¼izFke vihyh; U;k;ky;½ }kjk vihy la[;k 34@2002 yxk;r 39@2002 esa ikfjr fu.kZ; fnukad 11-11-2009 ds fo:) izLrqr dh x;h gSA lHkh vihyksa esa vkyksP; vkns'k ,oa izdj.k ds rF; leku gksus ls ,d gh vkns'k ls fu.kZ; fd;k tk jgk gSA fu.kZ; dh ,d ,d izfr lHkh i=kofy;ksa esa layXu dh tkosaA 2- vihy eseks vuqlkj izdj.k ds rF; la{ksi esa bl izdkj gSa fd vihykFkhZx.k us vf/kfu;e] 1955 dh /kkjk 188 ,oa 92-, ds vUrxZr ,d jktLo okn izR;FkhZx.k ds fo:) U;k;ky; mi[kaM vf/kdkjh dksVM+k ¼ijh{k.k U;k;ky;½ ds le{k bu vfHkopuksa ds lkFk is'k fd;k fd oknxzLr vkjkth ekStk xzke iyslj] iVokj gYdk ykEck gYnq] rglhy dksVM+k orZeku esa oknhx.k@vihykFkhZx.k ds vkf/kiR; ,oa [kkrsnkjh dh vkjkth gSA mDr vkjkth ij izfroknhx.k@izR;FkhZx.k [kM~Ms [kqnokdj o`{kkjksi.k djuk pkgrs gSaA vr% izfroknhx.k@izR;FkhZx.k dks tfj;s LFkkbZ fu"ks/kkKk ikcUn fd;k tkos fd oknhx.k@vihykFkhZx.k dh dCtsdk'r o [kkrsnkjh dh oknxzLr Hkwfe esa fdlh izdkj dh ck/kk ;k n[kyUnkth u rks Lo;a djus vkSj u gh fdlh vU; ls djkosA ijh{k.k U;k;ky; us izfroknhx.k@izR;FkhZx.k ls tokc nkok ysus vkSj mHk; i{k dks lquus ds mijkUr vius fu.kZ; ,oa fMØh fnukad 31-10-2008 }kjk oknhx.k@vihykFkhZx.k dk okn dsoy rudh la[;k 4 dks fu.khZr djrs gq, bl vk/kkj ij [kkfjt dj fn;k fd fookfnr vkjkth ds laca/k esa jktLFkku mPp U;k;ky; }kjk fn;s x;s funsZ'kksa ds vuqlj.k esa eq[; lfpo] jktLFkku ljdkj }kjk fnukad 8-10-99 dks fu.kZ; ikfjr dj Hkwfe dk eqvkotk fn;s tkus dk vkns'k fn;k tk pqdk gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa bl izdj.k esa izkaxU;k; ¼Principal of resjudicata½ dk fl)kUr ykxw gksrk gSA ijh{k.k U;k;ky; ds mDr fu.kZ; fnukad 31-10-2008 ds fo:) oknh vihykFkhZx.k us izFke vihy U;k;ky; ds le{k vihy izLrqr dhA izFke vihyh; U;k;ky; us vius fu.kZ; ,oa fMØh fnukad 11-11-2009 }kjk vihykFkhZx.k dh vihy dks izkaxU;k; ¼Principal of resjudicata½ ds fl)kar ls ckf/kr ekurs gq, [kkfjt dj fn;kA izFke vihyh; U;k;ky; ds mPp fu.kZ; ls O;fFkr gksdj ;s gLrxr f}rh; vihysa jktLo e.My esa oknhx.k@vihykFkhZx.k }kjk fuEu vk/kkjksa ij izLrqr dh xbZ gS& ¼1½ ijh{k.k U;k;ky; }kjk bl rF; ij xkSj ugha fd;k x;k fd iwoZ U;k; ¼resjudicata½ dk iz'u fof/k ,oa rF;ksa dk fefJr iz'u gksrk gSA vr% okn ,oa izfrokn i= ds vk/kkj ij cuk;h x;h lHkh rufd;kr dk lkFk lkFk fu.kZ; fd;k tkuk pkfg;s FkkA izFke vihyh; U;k;ky; ds le{k Hkh ;g vkifRr mBk;h x;h Fkh fdUrq izFke vihyh; U;k;ky; }kjk bl ij xkSj ugha fd;k x;kA ¼2½ U;k; ds uSlfxZd fl)kUrksa ds izko/kkuuqlkj eq[; lfpo }kjk ekuuh; mPp U;k;ky; ds funsZ'kksa dh ikyuk esa i{kdkjku dks lqudj gh izdj.k dk fuLrkj.k djuk pkfg;s FkkA eq[; lfpo us fcuk vihykFkhZx.k dks lqus ,d i{kh; fu.kZ; ikfjr fd;k gS tks izkaxU;k; dk fl)kUr ¼Principal of resjudicata½ ,oa O;ogkj izfØ;k dh /kkjk 1 ds v/khu vfUre fu.kZ; dh ifjHkk"kk esa ugha vkrkA ¼3½ eq[; lfpo dk dk;kZy; U;k;ky; ugha gSA vr% oknhx.k }kjk izLrqr okn dk mi[k.M vf/kdkjh U;k;ky; }kjk dkuwuh ijh{k.k djus ds ckn gh fu.kZ; djuk pkfg;s FkkA izFke vihyh; U;k;ky; }kjk Hkh bl fcUnq ij /;ku ugha fn;k x;kA ¼4½ ekuuh; mPp U;k;ky; }kjk dsoy nks foHkkxksa ds chp dk izdj.k eku dj bls eq[; lfpo dks fookn fuiVkjs gsrq Hkstk x;k FkkA eq[; lfpo }kjk dsoy nksuksa foHkkxksa dks lqudj rFkk i{kdkjksa dks lquokbZ dk volj fn;s fcuk gh eqvkotk fu/kkZfjr dj fn;k tks fd ekuuh; mPp U;k;ky; ds funsZ'kksa ds foijhr gSA ¼5½ iwoZ esa ou foHkkx }kjk izLrqr lacaf/kr izdj.kksa ds okn eaMy Lrj ij [kkfjt fd;s tk pqds gSA fookfnr Hkwfe vihykaV~l dh [kkrsnkjh esa laor~ 2012 ls vafdr pyh vk jgh gSA bls ou foHkkx dh Hkwfe fdlh Hkh U;k;ky; us ugha Lohdkjk gSA vr% vihykFkhZx.k }kjk mDr vihysa izLrqr dj vuqjks/k fd;k x;k gS fd nksuksa v/khuLFk U;k;ky;ksa ds fu.kZ; ,oa fMØh fujLr dj izdj.k leLr okn fcUnqvksa ij i{kdkjku dh 'kgknr@lcwr ysdj lquokbZ dk leqfpr volj iznku dj xq.kkoxq.k ij fu.kZ; ikfjr djus gsrq izfrizsf"kr fd;k tkosA 4- mHk; i{k dh cgl ij euu fd;kA 5- vihykFkhZx.k dh rjQ ls fo}ku vfHkHkk"kd }kjk vius vihy eheksa esa of.kZr rF;ksa ,oa vk/kkjksa dks nksgjkrs gq, vfHkdFku fd;k x;k gS fd eq[; lfpo egksn; }kjk lHkh i{kdkjksa dks lquokbZ dk leqfpr volj fn;s fcuk vkns'k fnukad 8-10-1999 ikfjr fd;k x;k gSA ,sls vkns'k dks vihykFkhZx.k }kjk izLrqr vf/kfu;e] 1955 dh /kkjk 188] 92 , ds okn esa vihykFkhZx.k ds fo:) iwoZU;k; ds fl)kUr dk vk/kkj ugha cuk;k tk ldrk gSA ;g Hkh rdZ fd;k x;k gS fd eq[; lfpo dk dk;kZy; dksbZ U;k;ky; ugha gS] vr% eq[; lfpo }kjk ikfjr dksbZ Hkh vkns'k fdlh U;k;ky; esa izLrqr okn esa iwoZ U;k; ds fl)kUr dk vk/kkj ugha cu ldrk gSA blds vykok fo}ku vfHkHkk"kd }kjk U;kf;d n`"VkUr 2010 (1) RRT 89 ls leFkZu ysrs gq, ;g Hkh rdZ fd;k x;k gS fd iwoZ U;k; dk fl)kUr ¼ Principle of resjudicata ½ rF;ksa o fof/k dk fefJr iz'u gksus ls mldk fu.kZ; i{kdkjku }kjk izLrqr lk{; ds vk/kkj ij gh fd;k tkuk pkfg;sA fo}ku vfHkHkk"kd }kjk 1990 RRD 200 dk U;kf;d n`"VkUr izLrqr djrs gq, rdZ fd;k x;k gS fd iwoZ U;k; dk fl)kUr ¼ Principle of resjudicata ½ ds vk/kkj ij i'pkrorhZ okn dks oftZr djus ls iwoZ ;g ns[k ysuk pkfg;s fd i{kdkjku ds e/; O;kIr fookn dk fuLrkj.k iwoZ okn esa vafre :i ls lquk tk dj fuLrkfjr fd;k tk pqdk gSA 6- tokch cgl esa izR;FkhZx.k ds fo}ku vf/koDrk dk rdZ gS fd eq[; lfpo }kjk dh x;h lquokbZ vkSj ikfjr vkns'k fnukad 8-10-1999 ekuuh; mPp U;k;ky; ds vkns'k fnukad 12-7-1999 ds vuqlj.k esa gSA ekuuh; mPp U;k;ky; }kjk izdj.k dks eq[; lfpo dks Hkstrs gq, ;g Hkh funsZ'k fn;s gSa fd eq[; lfpo }kjk ikfjr fu.kZ; vfUre gksxkA vr% ijh{k.k U;k;ky; }kjk vihykFkhZx.k ds nkos dks iwoZ U;k; ds fl)kUr ds vk/kkj ij [kkfjt djuk lgh gSA 7- cgl mHk;i{k ij euu fd;k x;k vkSj nksuksa v/khuLFk U;k;ky;ksa dh i=kofy;ksa esa layXu nLrkostkr o vkyksP; vkns'k fnukad 11-11-1999 ,oa ijh{k.k U;k;ky; ds vkns'k fnukad 31-10-2008 dk vk|ksikUr voyksdu o v/;;u fd;k x;kA 8- ;g loZFkk Lohd`r rF; gS fd ekuuh; mPp U;k;ky; ds fu.kZ; fnukad 12-7-1999 dh ikyuk esa eq[; lfpo }kjk izHkkfor dk'rdkjksa dks vFkkZr oknhx.k@vihykFkhZx.k dks ugha lquk x;k FkkA fdlh Hkh O;fDr dks lqus fcuk fdlh izdj.k esa ikfjr vkns'k dks ml O;fDr ds fgrksa ds fo:) i<k tkuk U;k; ds izkd`frd fl)kUrksa ds foijhr gSA ijh{k.k U;k;ky; }kjk eq[; lfpo ds vkns'k fnukad 8-10-1999 dks oknhx.k@vihykFkhZx.k ds orZeku nkoksa- tks fd vfHkfyf[kr [kkrsnkjksa }kjk vf/kfu;e] 1955 dh /kkjk 188] 92, ds vUrxZr okLrs fu"ks/kkKk izLrqr fd;s x;s gSa & esa iwoZ U;k; ds fl)kUr dks vk/kkj cuk;k gSA iwoZ U;k; ds fl)kUr gsrq flfoy izfØ;k lafgrk dh /kkjk 11 dk voyksdu mfpr gS] tks fd fuEu izdkj gS& 11. Res judicata. No Court shall try any suit or issue in which the matter directly and substantially in issue has been directly and substantially in issue in a former suit between the same parties, or between parties under whom they or any of them claim, litigation under the same title, in a Court competent to try such subsequent suit or the suit in which such issue has been subsequently raised, and has been heard and finally decided by such Court. mijksDr /kkjk 11 ds voyksdu ls Li"V gS fd iwoZ U;k; ds fl)kUr ds vfuok;Z ?kVd fuEu izdkj gS& 1- iwoZ okn vkSj i'pkrorhZ okn esa oknxzLr fo"k; oLrq vkSj oknxzLr i{kdkjku leku gksus pkfg;sA 2- iwoZ okn dk fu.kZ; ,sls U;k;ky; }kjk fd;k x;k gks tks fd i'pkrorhZ okn dh lquokbZ o fu.kZ; gsrq l{ke gksA 3- i'pkrorhZ okn esa fufgr lkjHkwr fcUnq dks iwoZorhZ okn esa i{kdkjku dks lquokbZ dk volj nsrs gq, vfUre :i ls fu.khZr dj fn;k x;k gksA mijksDr fcUnqvksa dk fofu'p;u i{kdkjku dks lk{; dk volj fn;s fcuk fd;k tkuk mfpr ugha gSA fookn dk eq[; fcUnq vFkok fo"k; oLrq dh lekurk ds vykok ;g Hkh ns[k tkuk gksrk gS fd iwoZ ds ftl fu.kZ; dks vk/kkj cuk dj vihykFkhZx.k dk orZeku nkok [kkfjt fd;k x;k gS] mDr iwoZ fu.kZ; fdlds }kjk ikfjr fd;k x;k gS vkSj D;k iwoZ fu.kZ; ikfjr djus okyk vf/kdkjh@U;k;ky; orZeku nkok dks fu.khZr djus gsrq l{ke gSA blds vykok ;g Hkh fofu'p;u fd;k tkuk vko';d gS fd iwoZ U;k;ky;@vf/kdkjh }kjk fu.kZ; ikfjr djrs le;] ftlds vk/kkj ij iwoZU;kl dk fl)kUr ykxw fd;k tk jgk gS] og fu.kZ; D;k i{kdkjku dks lquokbZ dk leqfpr volj fn;k tkdj ikfjr fd;k x;k FkkA ge 2010 RRT (1) 89 esa vfHkfu/kkZfjr U;kf;d fl)kUr ls lger gSa ftlesa e.My dh gh fo}ku [k.M ihB }kjk 2004 RBJ 275 vkSj 2002 RRD 428 dk vuqlj.k djrs gq, ;g izfrikfnr fd;k x;k gS fd jslT;wfMdsVk ls lacaf/kr fook|d dks fu.khZr djus ls iwoZ i{kdkjksa ls lk{; fy;s tkus pkfg;sA ;g Hkh vfHkfu/kkZfjr fd;k x;k gS fd jslT;wfMdsVk dk fcUnq rF; ,oa fof/k nksuksa ls lacaf/kr gks ldrk gS vr% i{kdkjku dks lk{; dk volj nsdj gh fu.kZ; fd;k tkuk pkfg;s FkkA 1999 RRD 200 esa ;g izfrikfnr fd;k x;k gS fd& "For finding out as to whether a particular matter was raised between the parties, heard and finally decided in the previous suit, the Court should look into the judgment and the pleadings in the previous suit. As the plea of resjudicata is one in bar of legal right, it should be given effect to only on a strict construction of the pleadings and decision in the previous suit. As the plea of resjudicata is one in bar of legal right, it should be given effect to only on a strict construction of the pleadings and decision in the previous suit. In order to render a prior decision conclusive in a subsequent suit, it must appear from the record of the former suit that the particular matter sought to be concluded was necessarily determined." 9- gLrxr izdj.k esa eq[; lfpo }kjk fu.kZ; ikfjr djrs le; oknhx.k@vihykFkhZx.k dks] tks fd oknxzLr Hkwfe ds vfHkfyf[kr [kkrsnkj gSa] lquokbZ dk volj fn;k tkuk ugha ik;k tkrk gSA blds vykok gLrxr izdj.k esa ;g Hkh fofuf'p;u fd;k tkuk vko';d gS fd eq[; lfpo }kjk ikfjr vkns'k fnukad 8-10-1999 flfoy izfØ;k lafgrk dh /kkjk 11 ds vuqlkj iwoZ U;k; ds fl)kUr ds ?kVd iwjs djrk gS ;k ughaA izFke vihyh; U;k;ky; }kjk Hkh vkyksP; fu.kZ; fnukad 11-11-2009 ikfjr djrs le; bl fof/kd fLFkfr ij xkSj ugha fd;k x;k gSA 10- mijksDr foospu ds vk/kkj ij gekjk fu"d"kZ gS fd izFke vihyh; U;k;ky; dk vkyksP; fu.kZ; fnukad 11-11-2009 ,oa ijh{k.k U;k;ky; dk fu.kZ; fnukad 31-10-2008 fof/kd izko/kkuksa ds foijhr gksus ls fujLruh; gSA izdj.k bl U;k;ky; }kjk mijksDr isjk 8 o 9 esa O;Dr er ¼ observations ½ dh jks'kuh esa iqu% fu.kZ; gsrq ijh{k.k U;k;ky; dks izfrizsf"kr fd;s tkus ;ksX; gSA 11- ifj.kker% gLrxr f}rh; vihy Lohdkj dh tkrh gS vkSj izFke vihyh; U;k;ky; dk vkyksP; fu.kZ; fnukad 11-11-2009 ,oa ijh{k.k U;k;ky; dk fu.kZ; fnukad 31-10-2008 dks ,rn~}kjk fujLr djrs gq, izdj.k bl U;k;ky; ds }kjk O;Dr er dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, i{kdkjku dks lk{; ,oa lquokbZ dk leqfpr volj nsrs gq, xq.kkoxq.k ij uohur% fu.kZ; gsrq ijh{k.k U;k;ky; dks izfrizsf"kr fd;k tkrk gSA fu.kZ; [kqys U;k;ky; esa lquk;k x;kA