eh.kk] lnL;-&;g izkFkZuk i= lgk;d vk;qDr] mifuos'ku] dksyk;r }kjk izdj.k la[;k 126@89 esa fnukad 27-9-1989 dks ikfjr fd;s x;s fu.kZ; ,oa fMØh ds fo:) /kkjk 221 jktLFkku dk'rdkjh vf/kfu;e] 1955 ¼la{ksi esa ^vf/kfu;e] 1955*½ ds vUrxZr izLrqr fd;k x;k gSA 2- izdj.k ds rF; la{ksi esa bl izdkj gS fd vizkFkhZ la[;k 1 }kjk ,d okn vf/kfu;e] 1955 dh /kkjk 88] 89 o 15-ddd lifBr jktLFkku Hkw-jktLo vf/kfu;e] 1956 ¼la{ksi esa ^vf/kfu;e] 1956*½ dh /kkjk 125 ds vUrxZr lgk;d vk;qDr mifuos'ku] dksyk;r ds U;k;ky; esa jkT; ljdkj o foi{kh@vizkFkhZ deky[kka iq= nys[kka ds fo:) bl vk'k; dk izLrqr fd;k fd xzke okxMlj 3 lh-Mh- ok;- fLFkr oknxzLr Hkwfe [kljk uEcjku 113@5] 6 o 14 dqy jdck 12 ch?kk 04 fcLok vizkFkhZx.k] oknhx.k dh iq'rSuh d`f"k Hkwfe gS ftlesa muds fjgk;'kh <k.kh o dq.M cus gq, gS rFkk os jktLo Hkh vnk djrs vk jgs gSa vkSj ekSds ij dCtk dk'r gSA iwoZ esa ;g Hkwfe tSlyesj fj;klr esa Fkh] tgka jktLo vfHkys[k rS;kj ugha fd;k tkrk Fkk vkSj dsoy ekSf[kd :i ls Hkwfe crk nh tkrh FkhA mDr {ks= dk laf{kIr cUnkscLr ¼ summary settlement ½ loZizFke laor~ 2012 esa fd;k x;k] ml le; cUnkscLr foHkkx ds deZpkfj;ksa ds }kjk euekus <ax ls fooknxzLr Hkwfe ij mudk dCtk dk'r gksrs gq, Hkh foi{kh deky [kka dk uke ntZ dj fn;k x;k vkSj LFkk;h cUnkscLr ¼ permanent settlement ½ ds le; mDr vaduksa dks nksgjk fn;k x;kA vizkFkhZx.k-oknhx.k dk dCtk lEor 2012 ls fujUrj gksus ls oknxzLr Hkwfe esa [kkrsnkjh vf/kdkj izkIr djus ds vf/kdkjh gSa vr% mUgsa oknxzLr Hkwfe dk [kkrsnkj ?kksf"kr fd;k tkdj vfHkys[k esa la'kks/ku fd;k tkosA 3- jkT; ljdkj us vius tokcnkos esa okn ds rF;ksa dks dkYifud] >wBk] vk/kkjghu o vfHkys[k ds foijhr gksuk dFku fd;k rFkk dFku fd;k fd oknxzLr Hkwfe oknhx.k dh iSr`d ugha gSA mDr Hkwfe jktLo vfHkys[k esa vizkFkhZ ds uke ntZ gSA vizkFkhZ ds uke ntZ gSA vizkFkhZ us bdckyh tokcnkok is'k fd;k vkSj U;k;ky; lgk;d vk;qDr mifuos'ku] dksyk;r us nkos ,oa tokcnkos ds vk/kkj ij rufd;kr dk;e dh ,oa rRi'pkr~ vius fu.kZ; fnukad 27-9-1989 ds }kjk okn fMØh djrs gq, vizkFkhZx.k-oknhx.k dks oknxzLr Hkwfe dk xSj [kkrsnkj ?kksf"kr dj fn;kA 4- mDr fMØh fnukad 27-9-1989 dks fujLr djkus gsrq vf/kfu;e] 1955 dh /kkjk 232 ds vUrxZr jktLo e.My esa jsQjsal djus gsrq ,d izkFkZuk i= fnukad 27-9-1991 dks lgk;d vk;qDr mifuos'ku] dksyk;r }kjk dysDVj ,oa mik;qDr] mifuos'ku] chdkusj ds le{k izLrqr fd;k x;k] tks ftyk dysDVj ,oa mik;qDr] mifuos'ku] chdkusj us i{kdkjku dks lqudj vius vkns'k fnukad 8-2-1999 ls [kkfjt dj fn;kA 5- rRi'pkr dk;kZy; vk;qDr] mifuos'ku] chdkusj ds }kjk izdj.k dk fof/kd ijh{k.k djk;s tkus ds QyLo:i fn;s x;s funsZ'kksa dh ikyuk esa mifuos'ku rglhynkj] ijh{k.k djk;s tkus ds QyLo:i fn;s x;s funsZ'kksa dh ikyuk esa mifuos'ku rglhynkj] dksyk;r }kjk jktdh; vfHkHkk"kd ds ek/;e ls orZeku izkFkZuk i= vf/kfu;e] 1955 dh /kkjk 221 ds vUrxZr izLrqr dj e.My esa vUrfuZfgr 'kfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx djrs gq, fooknxzLr fu.kZ; ,oa fMØhdks vikLr djus dh izkFkZuk dh xbZ gSA 6- cgl mHk;i{k lquh x;hA 7- fo}ku mi jktdh; vfHkHkk"kd dk dFku gS fd v/khuLFk U;k;ky; us fcuk fdlh lk{; ,oa nLrkosth lcwr ds ,d d`"kd dh Hkwfe dks nwljs d`"kd ds uke vafdr djus dh fMØh ikfjr dh gS] tks dkuwu dh Hkkouk] yksd uhfr ,oa jkT;fgr ds foijhr gSA mudk rdZ gS fd ;g fMØh nqjfHklaf/k dk ifj.kke gS] tks ,d izdkj ls Hkwfe gLrkUrj.k dh Js.kh esa vkrh gS vkSj bl gLrkUrj.k ls jkT; dks izkIr gksus okyh LVkEi M~;wVh dh vk; ls oafpr j[kk x;k gS] ftlls jkT; fgr izHkkfor gksrk gSAvr% vf/kfu;e] 1955 dh /kkjk 221 ds vUrxZr iznRr vUrfufgZr 'kfDr;ksa dks iz;ksx djrs gq, v/khuLFk U;k;ky; }kjk ikfjr fu.kZ; ,oa fMØh fnukad 27-9-1989 dks fujLr fd;k tkosA 8- fo}ku vf/koDrk vizkFkhZx.k dk dFku gS fd oknxzLr fMØh ds ckcr iwoZ esa jkT; i{k dh vksj ls izLrqr jsQjsal izkFkZuk i= dks dysDVj ,oa mik;qDr mifuos'ku] chdkusj }kjk bl vk/kkj ij vLohdkj dj fn;k x;k gS fd izdj.k nks futh i{kdkjksa ds e/; dk gSa rFkk blesa jkT; fgr fufgr ugha gS vkSj yksd uhfr dk mYya?ku ugha gqvk gSA vr% vc vf/kfu;e] 1955 dh /kkjk 221 dh 'kfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx fd;k tkuk visf{kr ugha gSA fo}ku vf/koDrk vizkFkhZ i{k dk ;g dFku gS fd lgk;d vk;qDr] mifuos'ku }kjk fnukad 27-9-1989 dks ikfjr fu.kZ; ,oa fMØh ds fo:) ;g izkFkZuk i= fnukad 10-9-2002 dks vFkkZr 13 o"kZ ds foyEc ls izLrqr fd;k x;k gS vkSj bl foyEc ds dkj.kksa dks Li"V ugha fd;k x;k gS vr% ;g izkFkZuk i= vUrxZr /kkjk 221 vf/kfu;e] 1955 vof/k ikj gksus ls fujLr fd;s tkus ;ksX; gSA fopkj.k U;k;ky; us vizkFkhZx.k dk nkok fMØh djus esa dksbZ =qfV ugha dh gS D;ksafd vf/kfu;e] 1955 dh /kkjk 15-ddd ¼8½ ds izko/kkukuqlkj nkok dsoy ekSf[kd lk{; ds vk/kkj ij Hkh fMØh fd;k tk ldrk gSA fo}ku vfHkHkk"kd dk ;g Hkh rdZ gS fd lEor~ 2012 ds jktLo vfHkys[k esa ;fn fdlh dk'rdkj dk uke vafdr Hkh ugha gks rks Hkh /kkjk 15-ddd] vf/kfu;e] 1955 ds vUrxZr [kkrsnkjh vf/kdkj fn;s tk ldrs gSaA vf/kfu;e] 1955 dh /kkjk 14 ,oa 17 ds izko/kkuksa ds vuqlkj xSj [kkrsnkjh vf/kdkj fn;s tk ldrs gSaA vUr esa mudk rdZ gS fd ;fn jktdh; i{k fopkj.k U;k;ky; ds fu.kZ; ,oa fMØh ls izHkkfor ,oa O;fFkr gS rks mls vihy] fjohtu ;k fjO;w ds ek/;e ls l{ke U;k;ky; esa pqukSrh nh tkuh pkfg;s] jktdh; i{k dh vksj ls izLrqr ;g izkFkZuk i= la/kkj.k ;ksX;ugha gksus ls fujLr fd;k tkosA fo}ku vfHkHkk"kd us vius rdksZ ds leFkZu esa 2010 RRD 688, 2010 RRD 741, 2007 RRD 187 vkSj 2009 RBJ 148 ds U;kf;d n`"VkUr izLrqr fd;s gSaA 9- izR;qRrj esa fo}ku mi jktdh; vfHkHkk"kd dk dFku gS fd vf/kfu;e] 1955 dh /kkjk 221 ds vUrxZr iznRr 'kfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx djus gsrq ekuuh; U;k;ky; ds fy;s dksbZ le;kof/k fu/kkZfjr ugha gS vFkkZr ,sls izkFkZuk i= izLrqr fd;s tkus gsrq dksbZ vof/k lhek fu/kkZfjr ugha gSA vizkFkhZx.k oknhx.k }kjk nkos esa tks dFku fd;s x;s gSa mudh iqf"V esa dksbZ vfHkys[kh; lk{; izLrqr ugha dh x;h v/khuLFk U;k;ky; us tks fu.kZ; o fMØh ikfjr fd;k gS og fcuk fdlh vk/kkj ds] yksduhfr ds fo:) o jkT;fgr dks izekf.kr djus okyh gksus ls jktLo e.My esa vUrfufgZr 'kfDr;ksa dks iz;ksx djrs gq, fujLr dh tkosA 10- geus nksuksa i{kksa ds fo}ku vfHkHkk"kdx.k dh cgl ij euu fd;k ,oa i=koyh dk vk|ksikUr voyksdu o v/;;u fd;kA izLrqr U;kf;d n`"VkUrksa dk Hkh v/;;u fd;k x;kA 11- jkT; i{k dh vksj ls gLrxr izkFkZuk i= vf/kfu;e] 1955 dh /kkjk 221 ds vUrxZr izLrqr dj lgk;d vk;qDr] dksyk;r }kjk ikfjr fu.kZ; ,oa fMØh fnukad 27-9-1989 dks fujLr djus dk fuosnu fd;k gSA izdj.k ds iw.kZ foospu gsrq mDr /kkjk 221 dk voyksdu dj fy;k tkuk lehphu gS] tks fd fuEukuqlkj gS& Rajasthan Tenancy Act, 1955 "221. Subordination of revenue Courts.- The general superintendence and control over all revenue courts shall be vested in, and all such courts shall be subordinate to the Board; and subject to such superintendence, control and subordination- (a) deleted (b) all Additional Collectors, Sub-Divisional Officers, Assistant Collectors and Tehsildars in the district shall be subordinate to the Collector thereof, (c) all Assistant Collectors, Tehsildars and Naib-Tehsildars in the a sub-division shall be subordinate to the Sub-Divisional Officer thereof, and (d) all Additional Tehsildars and Naib-Tehsildars in a Tehsil shall be subordinate to the Tehsildar thereof. 12- jktLo U;k;ky; }kjk ikfjr vkns'k] fu.kZ; fMØh vkfn ds fo:) vihy ds izko/kku vf/kfu;e] 1955 dh /kkjk 223 ,oa 224 esa gS] tks fd fuEu izdkj gS& 223. Appeals from Original Decree.-An appeal shall lie from an original decree- (1) to the Collector if such decree is passed by a Tehsildar, and (2) to the (Revenue Appellate Authority) if such decree is passed by an Assistant Collector, a Sub Divisional Officer or a Collector. 224. Appeals from Appellate Decrees.-(1) An appeal shall lie to the (Revenue Appellate Authority) from a decree passed in appeal by a Collector. (2) An appeal shall lie to the Board from a decree passed in appeal by (Revenue Appellate Authority) on any of the following grounds, namely:- (i) the decision being contrary to law or to some usage having the force of law; (ii) the decision having failed to determine some material issue of law or usage having force of law; (iii) a substantial error or defect in the procedure provided by or under this Act or by any other law for the time being in force, which may possibly have produced an error or defect in the decision of the case upon the merits; and (iv) the decision being contrary to weight of evidence on record where the lower appellate court has varied or reversed any finding of the trial Court on a question of fact. 13- vf/kfu;e] 1955 dh mDr /kkjk 221] 223 ,oa 224 ds izko/kkuksa ds voyksdu ls Li"V gS fd vf/kfu;e dh /kkjk 223¼2½ ds vuqlkj mi[k.M vf/kdkjh ds fu.kZ; ,oa fMØh ds fo:) vihy lquus ds vf/kdkj jktLo vihy izkf/kdkjh dks gSaA jktLFkku mifuos'ku vf/kfu;e] 1954 ds vUrxZr vfrfjDr vk;qDr] mifuos'ku dks jktLo vihy izkf/kdkjh dh 'kfDr;ka iznRr gS vkSj lgk;d vk;qDr] mifuos'ku dks mi[k.M vf/kdkjh dh 'kfDr;ka izkIr gSA rkRi;Z ;g fd vfrfjDr mifuos'ku vk;qDr ,oa insu jktLo vihy izkf/kdkjh dks lgk;d vk;qDr mifuos'ku }kjk ikfjr vkns'k] fu.kZ;] fMØh vkfn ds fo:) vihy lquus dk vf/kdkj gS rFkk jktLo vihy izkf/kdkjh }kjk ikfjr fu.kZ; ,oa fMØh ds fo:) vf/kfu;e] 1955 dh /kkjk 224 ds vUrxZr f}rh; vihy jktLo e.My jktLFkku ds le{k izLrqr djus dk izko/kku gSA 14- vkyksP; fu.kZ; fnukad 27-9-1989 ds voyksdu ls tkfgj gS fd bl fu.kZ; ls oknxzLr Hkwfe dks izfroknh deky[kka ds uke ls gVkdj oknh ds uke jktLo vfHkys[k esa ntZ fd;s tkus dk vkns'k fn;k x;k gSA izfroknh ,oa oknh] nksuksa gh futh O;fDr gSaA bl izdkj ;g izdj.k Li"Vr% jktdh; Hkwfe ij fdlh O;fDr fo'ks"k dks fof/k fo:) vf/kdkj iznRr dj nsus ls lacaf/kr ugha gS] vfirq iw.kZr ,d futh okn gSA dysDVj ,oa mik;qDr mifuos'ku] chdkusj us Hkh jsQjsal izdj.k la[;k 344@92 fu.kZ; fnukad 8-2-1999 esa ;gh ekuk gS fd izdj.k nks futh i{kdkjksa ds e/; dk gS] ftlesa jkT; i{k dk fgr vFkok yksduhfr ds mYya?ku dk fcUnq fufgr ugha gSA blh vk/kkj ij ftyk dysDVj ,oa mik;qDr] mifuos'ku] chdkusj }kjk jsQjsal dh dk;Zokgh cUn dh x;h gSA 15- vf/kfu;e] 1955 dh /kkjk 221 ds izko/kku vuqlkj lHkh jkTkLo U;k;ky; jktLo e.My ds lkekU; v/kh{k.k ¼ Superintendence ½ ,oa fu;U=.k ¼ control ½ esa gS vkSj os e.My ds v/khuLFk U;k;ky; ¼ subordinate Courts ½ ekus x;s gSaA iz'u ;g gS fd D;k fdlh jktLo U;k;ky; }kjk fu;fer okn esa ikfjr fu.kZ; ,oa fMØh esa vf/kfu;e] 1955 dh /kkjk 221 ds vUrxZr jktLo e.My dks iznRr v/kh{k.k ,oa fu;U=.k ds vf/kdkj ds ek/;e ls gLr{ksi fd;k tk ldrk gS\ bl fcUnq ij Jherh izfeyk ,oa vU; ds izdj.k 2010 RRD 36 esa e.My dh ,dy ihB }kjk 1993 RRD 683 vkSj 1993 RRD 446 ij ppkZ djrs gq, ;g izfrikfnr fd;k gS fd /kkjk 221 esa iznRr vf/kdkjksa dk mi;ksx U;kf;d vkns'kksa esa gLr{ksi djus gsrq ugha fd;k tk ldrk gSA 1993 RRD 683 esa izfrikfnr fl)kUr fuEu izdkj gS& "Rajasthan Tenancy Act, Section 221- This Section confers on the Board, the powers of general superintendence and control over all revenue Courts to ensure justice upto the highest level. It empowers the Board to set aside the orders of subordinate courts where breach of law is committed and the error is apparent on the face of record. Such powers would not be exercised where plaintiff or the defendant or any aggrieved party which had a remedy by way of appeal or revision but failed to avail of it. This power is to be used sparingly where grave injustice committed by the lower Courts is brought to the notice of the Board. It can not be exercised to help a negligent party which has lost its rights or having availed of the right, has failed to secure the desired relief." blh izdkj 1993 RRD 446 esa jktLFkku Hkw jktLo vf/kfu;e] 1956 dh /kkjk 9 ds lanHkZ esa] tks fd vf/kfu;e] 1955 dh /kkjk 221 ds vuq:i gh gS] ;g izfrikfnr fd;k x;k gS fd tgka vihy ;k fuxjkuh ds ek/;e ls oSdfYid mipkj miyC/k gS] ogka lkekU; rkSj ij /kkjk 9 jktLFkku Hkw jktLo vf/kfu;e dh vlk/kkj.k 'kfDr;ksa dk mi;ksx ugha djuk pkfg;sA ekuuh; mPp U;k;ky; dh [k.MihB us lqjsUnz flag o vU; cuke fdLrwjh o vU; ds fu.kZ; fnukad 5.8.2008, 2009(2) RRT 1094 esa vf/kfu;e 1955 dh /kkjk 221 ds lanHkZ esa Li"V dj fn;k gS fd jktLo e.My dks iznRr vlk/kkj.k 'kfDr;ka fdlh U;kf;d vkns'k ,oa fMØh esa ifjorZu ds fy, dke esa ugha yh tk ldrh gSaA ekuuh; mPp U;k;ky; ds mDr fu.kZ; dk isjk 8 fuEu izdkj gS& "The power of Board under Section 221 is not akin to the power of the High Court as provided under Article 227 of the Constitution. In the Scheme of 1955 Act there is clear demarcation of the Judicial and administrative powers of the Board. While Section 230 provides for the judicial power, Section 221 confers only administrative power and in exercise of administrative power no decree or judicial order could be set aside. In the Scheme of 1955 Act there is clear demarcation of the Judicial and administrative powers of the Board. While Section 230 provides for the judicial power, Section 221 confers only administrative power and in exercise of administrative power no decree or judicial order could be set aside. The apex Court in Devi Singh vs. Board of Revenue Rajasthan (supra) also indicated that in the face of the provisions under Section 222 to 229 the power of general superintendence under Section 221 could not be exercised." mijksDr lHkh U;kf;d n`"VkUrksa dk lkjka'k ;gh gS fd tgka vihy ;k fuxjkuh ds ek/;e ls oSdfYid mipkj miyC/k gS] ogka lkekU; rkSj ij /kkjk 221 jktLFkku dk'rdkjh vf/kfu;e vFkok /kkjk 9 jktLFkku HkwjktLo vf/kfu;e ds vUrxZr jktLo e.My dks iznRr vlk/kkj.k 'kfDr;ka fdlh U;kf;d vkns'k ,oa fMØh esa ifjorZu ds fy;s dke ugha yh tk ldrh gSaA fo}ku vfHkHkk"kd vizkFkhZx.k }kjk mn/k`r 2009 RBJ 148 esa ekuuh; jktLFkku mPp U;k;ky; us Hkh jktLFkku dk'rdkjh vf/kfu;e] 1955 dh /kkjk 88 ,oa 188 vkSj jktLFkku Hkwfe lq/kkj ,oa tkxhj iquxzZg.k vf/kfu;e] 1952 ds izdj.k ?ku';keflag cuke jktLFkku jkT; ,oa vU; esa fu.kZ; fnukad 24-9-2008 esa ;gh fl)kUr izfrikfnr fd;k gS fd& "Inherent and wide powers conferred under Section 221 of the Tenancy Act could not be lightly invoked and disposed of to set aside a validly granted decree in a suit by the competent Court of Additional Collector which became final, without resort to appellate and revisional channel provided under the Act. The power of superintendence and control over the Revenue Courts of course including over the Court of the Assistant Collector also, is the residuary power and does not confer the Board of Revenue with power to set aside the decree granted by the Assistant Collector in light manner. The power of superintendence and control over the Revenue Courts of course including over the Court of the Assistant Collector also, is the residuary power and does not confer the Board of Revenue with power to set aside the decree granted by the Assistant Collector in light manner. Wider the power greater is the circumspection required." e.My dh ,dy ihB }kjk jkT; ljdkj cuke ukjk;.k ,oa vU; ds izdj.k 2010 RRD 688 esa Hkh ;gh izfrikfnr fd;k x;k gS fd tc jktLFkku dk'rdkjh vf/kfu;e] 1955 dh /kkjk 223 esa izFke vihy dk vkSj /kkjk 224 esa f}rh; vihy dk izko/kku gS rks l{ke U;k;ky; }kjk ikfjr U;kf;d fu.kZ; esa /kkjk 221 vf/kfu;e] 1955 ds vUrxZr iznRr vlk/kkj.k 'kfDr;ksa ds ek/;e ls gLr{ksi ugha fd;k tk ldrk gSA 2010 RRD 741 esa Hkh fnukad 28-7-2010 dks ikfjr fu.kZ; esa e.My dh ,dy ihB }kjk blh fl)kUr dk vuqlj.k fd;k gSA 16- lgk;d vk;qDr }kjk fu.kZ; ,oa fMØh fnukad 27-9-1989 dks ikfjr fd;k x;k gSA fu.kZ; ikfjr djrs le; jkT; ljdkj i{kdkj Fkh ,oa mlds }kjk viuk i{k Hkh izLrqr fd;k x;k FkkA fu;eksa esa lgk;d vk;qDr }kjk ikfjr fu.kZ; dh vihy dk izko/kku gksrs gq, Hkh loZizFke bl fu.kZ; dks fujLr djokus gsrq fnukad 27-9-1991 dks jsQjsal dh dk;Zokgh 'kq: dh xbZ] tks Li"Vr% rRdkyhu lacaf/kr vf/kdkjhx.k }kjk fof/kd izko/kkuksa ds foijhr dh x;h Fkh] D;ksafd jkT;fgr fufgr ugha gksus ,oa yksduhfr ds fo:) dksbZ fu.kZ; ugha gksus ls rFkk nks futh i{kdkjksa ds e/; izdj.k gksus ls jsQjsal fopkj.kh; gh ugha FkkA blh dkj.k ftyk dysDVj ,oa mik;qDr] mifuos'ku] chdkusj }kjk mDr jsQjsal dks vLohdkj dj fn;k x;kA fnukad 8-2-1999 dks jsQjsal dk;Zokgh cUn dj fn;s tkus ds mijkUr Hkh yxHkx 3 o"kZ ds ckn fnukad 10-9-2002 dks ;g izkFkZuk i= vf/kfu;e] 1955 dh /kkjk 221 ds vUrxZr ewy fu.kZ; ,oa fMØh fnukad 27-9-1989 ls yxHkx 13 o"kZ ckn is'k fd;k x;k gS] ftls fdlh Hkh n`f"V ls Lohdkj ugha fd;k tk ldrkA lgk;d vk;qDr ,slh fMØh ikfjr djus gsrq l{ke U;k;ky; gS rFkk mudk fu.kZ; {ks=kf/kdkj ds vUnj o dkuwuh izko/kkuksa ds vuqlkj gSA ;g fu.kZ; jkT;fgrksa ds foijhr Hkh ugha ekuk tk ldrkA ;gka ;g Hkh dgha Li"V ugha fd;k x;k gS fd i{kdkjku us /kks[ks ls fdUgh rF;ksa dks fNikdj cnfu;rh iwoZd ;g fu.kZ; o fMØh izkIr dj yh gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa ;g izkFkZuk i= Lohdkj djus dk dksbZ dkj.k fo|eku ugha gSA 17- /kkjk 221] jktLFkku dk'rdkjh vf/kfu;e] 1955 dk ekuuh; mPp U;k;ky; }kjk izfrikfnr fl)kUr ds ifjizs{; esa v/;;u djus ij Li"V :i ls ifjyf{kr gksrk gS fd /kkjk 221] jktLFkku dk'rdkjh vf/kfu;e ds vUrxZr dsoy ,oa dsoy ,sls izdj.k gh fy;s tkus pkfg;s tgka oSdfYid mipkj dk izko/kku miyC/k ugha gksA orZeku izdj.k esa izkFkZuk i= esa ;g Hkh dgh mYysf[kr ugha fd;k x;k gS fd ;g /kkjk 223 ,oa 224 esa vihy ds izko/kku gksrs gq, Hkh vkyksP; fu.kZ; ,oa fMØh ds fo:) l{ke U;k;ky; esa vihy D;ksa izLrqr ugha dh x;h FkhA vr% dkuwu dh Li"V O;oLFkk ,oa iwoZ iSjk 15 esa mn/k`r fofHkUu U;kf;d n`"VkUrksa ds vkyksd esa orZeku izdj.k esa jktLFkku dk'rdkjh vf/kfu;e dh /kkjk 221 dh vlk/kkj.k 'kfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx dj fdlh izdkj dk gLr{ksi fd;k tkuk ge mfpr ugha le>rs gSaA 18- mijksDr iSjk 12 ls 17 esa fd;s foospu ds vuqlkj bl U;k;ky; dk ;g lqfopkfjr er gS fd /kkjk 221 jktLFkku dk'rdkjh vf/kfu;e] 1955 ds vUrxZr izLrqr gLrxr izkFkZuk i= fujLruh; gSA vr% ,rn}kjk fujLr fd;k tkrk gSA fu.kZ; [kqys U;k;ky; esa lquk;k x;kA