JUDGMENT 1. (Oral) - The present second appeal under Section 100 of the Code of Civil Procedure has been filed by the plaintiff-Ram Chandra S/o Kashtoor Chand being aggrieved by the reversal of the decree by the first appellate court by the impugned order dated 27.03.1986 allowing the defendant-Nand Lal's appeal, namely Appeal No. 23/1985 : Nand Lal v. Ram Chandra & Purshottam . 2. 2. The learned Trial Court had decreed the suit (Civil Original Suit No.142/1976, 106/1980) for declaration and possession in favour of the plaintiff-Ram Chandra on 22.05.1985 with the following findings returned in favour of the plaintiff-Ram Chandra:- 7- rudh uEcj ,d% bl rudh dks izekf.kr djus dk Hkkj oknh ij gSA oknh dh vksj ls bl laca/k esa ih0M0&1&jkepUnz] ih0M0&2&iq:"kksreyky] ih0M0&6&mek'kadj ,oa ih0M0&7&ekaxhyky o ih0M0 & 8 & fHk;kjke ds dFku ys[kc) djk;s gSA tokcnkos esa izfroknh uEcj 2 iq:"kksreyky us bl rF; dks Lohdkj fd;k gS fd og IykV esjs LokfeRo o vkf/kiR; dk FkkA oknh jkepUnz us iq:"kksreyky dks oknh us ih0M0&2 dh gSfl;r ls lk{; esa is'k fd;k gS ftldk dguk gS fd fooknxzLr IyksV c;ukes ds tfj;s mlus oknh jkepUnz dks cspk FkkA IyksV esjs ikl esjs firk dh ekS:lh tk;nkn ls esjs fgLls esa vk;k FkkA IyksV esjs firk Jh us fBdkuk dkadjksyh ls [kjhnk FkkA ftldk fBdkus dk iV~Vk HkkbZ lkgc uUnyky ds ikl gSA caVokjk IyksV dk firk Jh ds nsgkUr ds 3 lky ckn gqvk FkkA ih0M0&7&ekaxhyky dk dguk gS fd izn'kZ&1 c;ukesa ds tfj;s iq:"kksreyky us jkepUnz dks IyksV cspk Fkk tks mldk iq:"kksreyky dk gSA ;g IyksV ubZ cLrh dkadjksyh esa gSA bl IyksV dks cspus ls igys eSa uD'kk cukus x;kA IyksV dh uki dh FkhA ml le; esjs lkFk jkepUnz vkSj iq:"kksreyky FksA ml le; uUnyky vius edku ij FkkA uUnyky ls ml le; dksbZ ckrphr ugha gqbZ FkhA ih0M0 & 8 & fHk;kjke dk dguk gS fd esjk edku ds iwoZ esa tks IyksV gS mlds ckjs esa uUnyky vius HkkbZ dk gksuk crkrs gSaA oknh jkepUnz ih0M0&1 dk dguk gS fd eSaus IyksV [kjhnk ml le; dCtk iq:"kksreyky dk FkkA mlds ckn dCtk eq>s fn;k Fkk] D;ksafd eSaus [kjhnk FkkA iq:"kksre ds HkkbZ caVokjs esa ;g IyksV vk;k FkkA ftjg esa dgk gS fd dCtk nsrs le; uUnyky] ekaxhyky o ( iq:"kksreyky ) FksA blds [k.Mu esa izfroknh uUnyky dk dguk gS fd ;g IyksV mlus Lo;a dh dekbZ ls eafnj dkadjksyh ls [kjhnk Fkk tks HkaMkj ls [kjhnk tks nks IyksV [kjhns Fks mu IyksVksa ij lu~ 1962 esa ckmUMjhoky cukbZA IyksV dh tehu eSaus Lo;a dh dekbZ ls [kjhnh gSA bl ij oknh dk dHkh dCtk ugha jgkA ftjg esa mldk dguk gS fd HkaMkj ls IyksV [kjhnk mldk iV~Vk fy;k Fkk] dgha j[kk x;k blfy, ugha feykA iV~Vk jftLV~h'kqnk ugha Fkk] D;ksafd mldh dksbZ jftLVjh uga gksrh gSA lu~ 1949 esa [kjhnk] 325@& :i;s esa nksuksa IyksV [kjhns FksA 325@& :i;s dh jlhn iV~Vs esa 'kkfey gh FkhA ;g :i;s HkaMkj dh jksdM+ esa tek gksaxs] iV~Vk cgh Hkh HkaMkj esa jgrh gksxhA iV~Vk esjs uke dk Fkk] ;g xyr gS fd esjs firk ds uke gksA bl izdkj izfroknh dk fooknxzLr IyksV dks vius uke ls HkaMkj ls [kjhnuk crk;k gS vkSj iV~Vk Hkh izkIr gksuk crk;k gS ijUrq ;g iV~Vk is'k ugha fd;k x;k gSA ftldk Li"Vhdj.k ;g fn;k gS fd og dgha j[kk x;k gS blfy, ugha feykA pwafd izfroknh uUnyky us ftjg esa ;g dgk gS fd HkaMkj dh jksdM+ esa mlds :i;s tek gksaxs vkSj HkaMkj esa iV~Vk cgh Hkh jgrh gksxh ijUrq izfroknh us bl ckr dk [k.Mu djus ds fy, fd ;g IyksV izfroknhx.k uEcj 2 iq:"kksre dk ugha vfirq izfroknh uEcj 1 dk gS vkSj izfroknh uEcj 1 us gh [kjhnk gSA HkaMkj ls u rks iV~Vk cgh ryc dh xbZ gS uk gh jksdM+ dks ryc djk;k gS vkSj u gh fdlh ,slh O;fDr dks lk{; esa is'k fd;k gS tks izfroknh uUnyky ds bl dFku dh lEiqf"V djrk fd ;g IyksV mlus HkaMkj ls [kjhnkA tcfd iq:"kksreyky us ;g dgk gS fd bu IyksVksa dks mlds firk us [kjhnk Fkk ftuds iV~Vs mlds HkkbZ uUnyky ds ikl gSA oknh us mDr iV~Vksa dks izekf.kr djus ds fy, U;k;ky; esa xkS.k lk{; is'k djus ds fy, vkosnu Hkh fd;k tSlk fd 16-2-1978 dh vkMZj'khV ls izrhr gksrk gSA mDr izkFkZuk oknh fnukad 16-5-1978 ds vkns'kkuqlkj [kkfjt dh xbZ vkSj oknh dks xkS.k lk{; is'k djus dh vuqefr ugha nh xbZA blfy, oknh mu iV~Vksa dks izekf.kr ugha djk ldkA ,slh fLFkfr esa oknh dh vksj ls tks lk{; is'k gqbZ gS mldk izfroknh dh vksj ls [k.Mu ugha gks ldk gSA bl laca/k esa izfroknh dh vksj ls ukjk;.kyky&Mh0&M0&3 dk Hkh dFku ys[kc) djk;k x;k gSA ftldk dguk gS fd ;g IyksV izfroknh uUnyky us HkaMkj dkadjksyh ls [kjhnk Fkk vkSj iSls tek djk;s FksA ijUrq bldk eq[; dFku esa ;g dguk gS fd bl IyksV ds vktw cktw D;k gSA eq>s irk ughaA izfrijh{k.k esa mldk dguk gS fd ;g eq>s irk ugha fd ;g iV~Vk pqUuhyky ds uke gSA ;g lk{kh Lohd'r :i ls izfroknh uUnyky dk nksLr gS bl lk{kh dk dFku izfroknh dks dksbZ enn ugha igqapkrk gSA ;g lgh gS fd dksbZ lk{kh >waB cksy ldrk gS ijUrq ifjfLFkfr;ka dHkh Hkh >waB ugha cksyrh gSA ;fn izfroknh Lo;a dh vftZr lEifRr ls Lo;a us gh ;g IyksV [kjknk Fkk rks og bl laca/k esa vo'; gh foys[k is'k djrkA ;g HkaMkj dkadjksyh ls mu foys[kksa dh izfr ;k izfroknh us tks iSlk tek djk;k mldks izekf.kr djk ldrk FkkA ,slh fLFkfr esa izfroknh iq:"kksreyky ds dFku ij fo'okl djus dk dksbZ dkj.k ugha gSA Mh0M0&1&uUnyky us ftjg esa Lohdkj fd;k gS fd esjs o iq:"kksreyky ds chp dksbZ >xM+k ugha gSA vucu nkok djus ds ckn gqbZ FkhA rks tc izfronh uEcj 1 dh izfroknh uEcj 2 ls dksbZ >xM+k ugha gS rc ,slh fLFkfr esa izfroknh uEcj 2 D;ksa >wB cksyrk gS bl ckr dks dksbZ dkj.k ugha crk;k gSA vr% oknh dh lk{; ls ;g rudh bl izdkj izekf.kr gS fd fooknxzLr IyksV izfroknh uEcj 2 ds vkf/kiR; dk FkkA vr% ;g rudh oknh ds i{k esa fu.khZr dh tkrh gSA 8- rudh uEcj 2% bl rudh dks izekf.kr djus dk Hkkj oknh ij gSA oknh dks vksj ls tks lk{; is'k gqbZ mlesa jftLVMZ nLrkost izn'kZ&1 gS tks iq:"kksreyky }kjk oknh jkepUnz ds i{k esa fnukad 11-3-1974 dks iathc) djk;k x;k gSA ftlds lkFk fodz;'kqnk tk;nkn dk uD'kk Hkh layXu gSA ftlds tfj;s iwoZ ls if'pe 33 QhV o mRrj ls nf{k.k 61 QhV eki dk Hkw[k.M fodz; fd;k x;k gSA bl c;kukesa esa of.kZr prqFkZ lhek;sa fooknxzLr tk;nkn dh prqFkZ lhekvksa ls feyh gqbZ gSA bl c;ukesa dks izekf.kr djus ds fy, oknh dh vksj ls ih0M0&2&iq:"kksreyky ,oa ih0M0&7&ekaxhyky dks is'k fd;k x;k gSA ih0M0&2&iq:"kksreyky dk dguk gS fd mlus ubZ cLrh dkadjksyh esa IyksV oknh jkepUnz dks 1]500@& :i;s esa 5&6 lky igys cspk FkkA rkjh[k ;kn ugha gSA ftldk c;ukek izn'kZ&1 gSA ftl ij , ls ch esjs gLrk{kj gSaA jkepUnz us eq>s 1]500@& :i;s fn;s FksA iq:"kksreyky&ih0&M0&2 ds dFku dh iqf"V djrs gq, ih0M0&7&ekaxhyky us c;ku fn;k gS fd izn'kZ&1 c;ukek mlus iq:"kksreyky ds dgus ls jkepUnz ds i{k esa fy[kk FkkA c;ukek iq:"kksreyky us jkepUnz dks IyksV cspk mldk gSA ;g IyksV ubZ cLrh dkadjksyh esa gSA eSa IyksV ij x;kA esjs lkFk jkepUnz o iq:"kksre Hkh FkkA ftjg esa mldk dguk gS fd esjs le{k iq:"kksre dks 1]500@& :i;s fn;s FksA ih0M0&1&jkepUnz us dgk gS fd fooknxzLr IyksV mlus 1]500@& :i;s esa c;ukek izn'kZ&1 ds tfj;s [kjhnk ftl ij , ls ch gLrk{kj iq:"kksre ds gSa tks esjs lkeus fd;s FksA IyksV dk {ks=Qy 33 QhV x 61 QhV gSA eSaus IyksV [kjhnk ml le; dCtk iq:"kksre izfroknh dk FkkA blds ckn dCtk eq>s fn;k x;kA D;ksafd eSaus [kjhnk FkkA bl izdkj mDr lk{; ls ;gh fu"d"kZ fudyrk gS fd izfroknh iq:"kksreyky us jkepUnz ds i{k esa c;ukek izn'kZ&1 fu"ikfnr dj fooknxzLr Hkw[k.M dk vkf/kiR; oknh dks lEHkyok;kA ih0M0&2&iq:"kksreyky ls izfroknh us ftjg esa ,slk dksbZ lq>ko Hkh ugha j[kk gS fd fooknxzLr IyksV dk vkf/kiR; c;ukes ds tfj;s oknh dks fliqnZ ugha fd;k x;k gksA mDr lk{; dh iqf"V mek'kadj&ih0M0&6 ds dFku ls gksrh gSA ftldk dguk gS fd iq:"kksre us oknh jkepUnz dks IyksV cspk FkkA iq:"kksre }kjk jkepUnz dks IyksV cspus ds ckn eq>s oknh IyksV ij ys x;k vkSj eq>s iRFkj Myokus dks dgk Fkk] ftlls eSaus yksxksa ls iRFkj Myok;sA izfrijh{k.k esa mldk dguk gS fd IyksV iq:"kksre ls jkepUnz us [kjhnk mldh fy[kki<+h djus ds fy, ekaxhyky ls ckrphr gqbZ Fkh rc rd eSa 'kkfey FkkA blds ckn eSa ckgj pyk x;k FkkA tcfd blds [k.Mu esa Mh0M0&1&uUnyky us vius c;kuksa esa dqN ugha dgk gS cfYd izfrijh{k.k esa dsoy ;gh dgk gS fd c;ukek fy[kk gks rks eq>s irk ughaA ,slh fLFkfr esa oknh dh lk{; dk izfroknh dh lk{; esa [k.Mu ugha gksrk gSA vr% oknh dh vksj ls tks lk{; is'k gqbZ gS mlls ;gh fu"d"kZ fudyrk gS fd fooknxzLr IykV izfroknh uEcj 2 us 1]500@& :i;s esa tfj;s jftLVMZ c;ukesa izn'kZ&1 oknh dks fodz; dj vkf/kiR; fn;k FkkA vr% ;g rudh Hkh oknh ds i{k esa fu.khZr dh tkrh gSA vkns'k 23- okn oknh jkepUnz fo:) izfroknh uEcj 1 uUnyky fMdzh fd;k tkdj bl vk'k; dh ?kks"k.kk dh tkrh gS fd okn&i= esa of.kZr IyksV oknh ds LokfeRo o vkf/kiR; dk gSA oknh bl Hkw[k.M ij izfroknh la[;k 1 ls vkf/kiR; izkIr djus dk vf/kdkjh gSA izfroknh la[;k 1 mDr IykV ls viuk lkeku o vkf/kiR; gVk ysosA vU;Fkk oknh dks bl Hkw[k.M dks vkf/kiR; izkIr djus dk vf/kdkj gSA oknh bl okn dk okn O;; Hkh izfroknh uEcj 1 ls izkIr djsxkA fMdzh cuk;h tkosA Sd/- vks0ih0 vxzoky eqaflQ ,oa U;kf;d eftLV~sV izFke oxZ] jktleUn " 3. The appeal filed by the defendant-Nand Lal, however, came to be allowed by the first appellate court of learned Additional District Judge, Rajsamand allowing the Appeal No. 23/1985 : Nand Lal v. Ram Chandra & Purshottam with the following findings:- " fcUnq la[;k 2 jkepUnz ih0M0&1 vius c;ku esa dgrk gS fd mlus tc IyksV [kjhnk rc dCtk iq:"kksre dk Fkk vkSj iq:"kksre us mls dCtk fn;kA iq:"kksre dk Hkh dguk gS fd caVokjk ds ckn IyksV ij mldk dCtk gS vkSj uoyk] ckywth] dqdk vkSj mek'kadj ml ckr dks lkfcr djus ds fy;s is'k fd;s gSa fd mUgksaus bl IyksV ij jkepUnz ds dgus ls iRFkj MkysA ysfdu tSlk fd mij dgk tk pqdk gS fd izn'kZ&1 fcuk cny ds rS;kj fd;k x;k nLrkost gS] ftldk vk'k; gh dCtk izkIr djuk Fkk vkSj ;g ckr [kqn oknh }kjk is'k fd;s x;s iM+kSlh fHk;kjke dgrk gS] ftlds vuqlkj bl tehu ij dCtk uUnyky dk gh gSA uUnyky dk dCtk dc gVk;k x;k vkSj iq:"kksre us izkIr fd;k blds ckjs esa dqN Hkh ugha gSA tgka rd uUnyky dk dCtk gh iq:"kksre dk dCtk gS] bl rdZ dk iz'u gS rks ;g rdZ Hkh lgh ugha gSA D;ksafd oknh ds [kqn ds vuqlkj caVokjk gks pqdk Fkk vkSj caVokjk d ckn Hkh fdlh dks&'ks;jj dk dCtk nwljk dks&'ks;jj ds dCts ds :i esa ekuk tk ldrk gS] ,slk dguk esjs er esa dkuwuh lgh ugha gksxkA blfy;s bl ckr dk Hkh dksbZ ize.k ugha gS fd dCtk jkepUnz dks iq:"kksre us fn;k FkkA vkns'k vihy vihykFkhZ Lohdkj dh tkrh gSA v/khuLFk U;k;ky; }kjk oknh & izR;FkhZ jkepUnz ds i{k esa ikfjr fMdzh ,oa fu.kZ; fujLr fd;s tkrs gSaA [kpkZ vihy vihykFkhZ izR;FkhZx.k ls izkIr djus dk vf/kdkjh gksxkA Sd/- x.ks'knku pkj.k vij ftyk ,oa ls'ku U;k;k/kh'k jktleUn ( jkt0 ) " 4. Being aggrieved, the plaintiff-Ram Chandra has filed the present second appeal in which, the following substantial questions of law were framed by the co-ordinate Bench of this Court on 12.01.1987 which read as under:- "(1) Whether the learned Appellate Court is right in not deciding the specific objection raised by the plaintiff/appellant that trial court has wrongly refused permission for production of secondary evidence in respect of the patta obtained by late Shri Chunni Lal-father of the defendants from Thikana Kankroli in respect of this land ? (2) Whether the learned lower Appellate Court was right in reversing the trial Court's decision raising adverse inference for non-production of the title deed of the dispute land which is admittedly in possession of the defendant ? (3) Whether the learned lower Court is right in reversing the trial Court's decision holding that Purshottam and thereafter the plaintiff was in rightful possession of the disputed land and Purshottam had rightfully sold the land to the plaintiff ?" 5. The learned counsel Mr. Manish Shishodia appearing for the plaintiff-appellant-Ram Chandra submitted that the both the learned Courts below have erred in not permitting the defendant to adduce the secondary evidence of the original patta on the basis of which, he claimed title over the disputed plot of land whereas, the same has been sold by the defendant-Purshottam by asserting that he and Nand Lal, both are the sons of Chunni Lal Paliwal and he had one-third share in the property, i.e., the agricultural land in question, by executing a registered sale deed in favour of the plaintiff-Ram Chandra. The learned counsel also submitted that at the earlier point of time, the application filed in this regard came to be rejected by the learned Trial Court vide order dated 16.05.1978. The learned counsel submitted that the appellant has filed an application under Order 41, Rule 27 of the Code of Civil Procedure along with a photocopy of the said patta, which prima facie indicates that the said patta was issued by Murtiba Kachhari Maal Sansthan, Shri Kankroli in the Samvat Year 2005 in favour of the said Chunni Lal Paliwal S/o Tulsidas Paliwal of Kankroli, whose sons are the defendants in the present suit. The learned counsel Mr. Manish Shishodia submitted that in the above circumstances of the case, the application filed by the appellant under Order 41, Rule 27 of the Code of Civil Procedure deserves to be allowed and the learned Trial court deserves to be directed to try the suit afresh, while taking the aforesaid piece of evidence into consideration. 6. Though, these submissions made by the learned counsel for the appellant Mr. Manish Shishodia are opposed by the learned counsel Mr. L.R. Mehta & Mr. 6. Though, these submissions made by the learned counsel for the appellant Mr. Manish Shishodia are opposed by the learned counsel Mr. L.R. Mehta & Mr. Ramit Mehta appearing for the respondents-defendants with the submissions that the learned Trial Court had already dismissed the application earlier filed by the plaintiff-Ram Chandra in this regard refusing to take the copy of the patta as secondary evidence, but this Court is of the considered opinion that the aforesaid piece of evidence, i.e., the copy of the patta, is relevant evidence in the present controversy and, therefore, the same deserves to be considered by the learned Trial Court depending upon the proof led by the parties before it, since the defendant-Nand Lal has claimed that he is the exclusive owner of the land in question and the another defendant-Purshottam, his brother had no right to sell the same in favour of the plaintiff-Ram Chandra, therefore, burden to prove his title is essentially on the defendant-Nand Lal before the learned Trial Court. 7. Be that as it may, for the present purposes, this Court is satisfied that the said evidence, i.e., the photocopy of the patta, deserves to be taken on record as secondary evidence and taken into account by the learned Trial Court. Therefore, the application filed by the plaintiff-appellant under Order 41, Rule 27 of the Code of Civil Procedure deserves to be allowed; and as a consequence thereof, the impugned judgments and decrees of both the Courts below dated 27.03.1986 and 22.05.1985 deserve to be set aside and the effect of the above order will be that the trial of the suit will be restored to the learned Trial Court for trial afresh in accordance with law. 8. Accordingly and in view of the above, the above framed and quoted substantial questions of law are not required to be answered on merits at this stage. Both the impugned judgments and decrees of the learned Courts below dated 27.03.1986 and 22.05.1985 are set aside. The trial of the original suit is restored back to the learned Trial Court in view of the aforesaid order of allowing the application of the appellant filed under Order 41, Rule 27 of the Code of Civil Procedure. Both the impugned judgments and decrees of the learned Courts below dated 27.03.1986 and 22.05.1985 are set aside. The trial of the original suit is restored back to the learned Trial Court in view of the aforesaid order of allowing the application of the appellant filed under Order 41, Rule 27 of the Code of Civil Procedure. The parties may appear in the first instance before the learned Trial court on 17.11.2015 and in view of the fact that the suit is very old and is of the year 1976, the learned Trial Court is requested to expedite the trial of the suit and conclude the same preferably within a period of two years from now. No costs. A copy of this order be sent to the Courts below and to the parties concerned forthwith.Appeal disposed of. *******