JUDGMENT 1. - In the instant case, the appellant, Sheikh Abdul Kadir S/o Sheikh Abdul Gaffar, resident of District Rangareddy, Hyderabad (Andhra Pradesh) was performing the duties as Khidmatgar at Madaar Jindashah Madaar Tekri, Kundan Nagar, Ajmer. As it has emerged in the evidence that the Shah Madaar, Kundan Nagar Pahari commonly called as Jindashah Baba Ki Madaarshah was on the top of the Hill. The appellant Sheikh Abdul Kadir used to stay there. Another devotee of the Madaarshah, namely Chand Ali on 10.04.2005 left for Madaarshah (herein after to be referred as the 'Madaar'). On 11.04.2005 his dead-body was found. Chand Ali, who was aged about sixty-five years, had suffered an injury near the left ear. The blood was oozing out of the injury, as a result thereof, the bedding pillow ( rfd;k ) and clothes of deceased were stained with blood. At the place of occurrence, stone used for causing injury was also recovered. In pursuance of the disclosure statement made by accused-appellant, a metallic tongs ( fpEVk ) and piece of vest ( cfu;ku ) were recovered. At the time of his arrest, lungi and Jacket worn by accused-appellant were also stained with blood. The cover of pillow ( rfd;k ), mattress ( xn~nk ), stone, kurta and payajama worn by deceased, metallic tongs ( fpEVk ) and vest ( cfu;ku ) recovered from appellant and the Jacket worn by appellant all contained human blood, group 'AB'. The lungi of the appellant was also stained with human blood. The blood on the aforesaid articles recovered from the appellant tallied with the blood group of the bedding and the clothes worn by the deceased. 2. The Court of Additional Sessions Judge, No.1, Ajmer, came to a conclusion that prosecution has succeeded to complete the chain of circumstances to prove guilt on the part of accused-appellant and, thus, convicted the present appellant for causing murder of Chand Ali, vide its impugned judgment dated 29.06.2006 for offence punishable under Section 302 I.P.C. 3. Having convicted the appellant for offence punishable under Section 302 of Indian Penal Code, vide a separate order of even date, the Court of Additional District & Sessions Judge, No.1, Ajmer, sentenced him to life imprisonment and to pay a fine of Rs. 500/. In default of payment of fine to further undergo one month simple imprisonment. 4. Having convicted the appellant for offence punishable under Section 302 of Indian Penal Code, vide a separate order of even date, the Court of Additional District & Sessions Judge, No.1, Ajmer, sentenced him to life imprisonment and to pay a fine of Rs. 500/. In default of payment of fine to further undergo one month simple imprisonment. 4. Sita Ram (PW-11) on 11.04.2005 was posted as Station House Officer, Alwargate, Ajmer. On that day in the morning at 08:30 A.M. he received a telephonic information that in the Kundan Nagar's Madaarshah Chhile, a Baba, who used to reside there, is lying murdered. On this, Station House Officer having constituted a team visited to the spot. 5. Ramzan (PW-1), the nephew of deceased Chand Ali, presented written-report (Exhibit-P/1) before Sita Ram, Station House Officer (PW-11). After noticing, the Police action taken thereupon. The written-report through F.C. Mahendra Singh, (PW-12) was sent to the Police Station and on the basis thereof a formal First Information Report, bearing No.65/2005 was registered at Police Station, Alwargate, District Alwar. The said First Information Report was exhibited as Exhibit-P/17. 6. Sita Ram (PW-11) examined the dead-body of deceased and prepared "panchnama" (Exhibit-P/5) in the presence of Ramzan (PW-1), Sazzad Ali (PW-2) and Bhura Khan (PW-6). The Investigating Officer also lifted from the spot the blood stained soil and the simple soil vide memo Exhibit-P/2. The said memo was attested by Ramzan (PW-1) and Jamul Ali not examined. From the spot, the Investigating Officer had also taken into possession the cover of pillow ( rfd;k ) and the piece of mattress ( xn~nk ) vide memo Exhibit-P/4. The said memo was attested by Ramzan (PW-1) and Jamul Ali not examined. From the spot, the blood stained stone was also recovered vide memo Exhibit-P/3. The said memo was attested by Ramzan (PW-1) and Sazzad Ali (PW-2). The blood stained clothes of the deceased were also taken into possession vide memo Exhibit-P/7. The said memo was attested by Sazzad Ali (PW-2) and Kallu Ali not examined. The site-plan of the spot (Exhibit-P/6) was also prepared. The same was attested by Sazzad Ali (PW-2), Bhura Khan (PW-6) and Ramzan (PW-1). The place of occurrence was also got photographed. On 13.04.2005 vide memo Exhibit-P/10, the appellant, Sheikh Abdul Kadir, was arrested. 7. The said memo was attested by Sazzad Ali (PW-2) and Kallu Ali not examined. The site-plan of the spot (Exhibit-P/6) was also prepared. The same was attested by Sazzad Ali (PW-2), Bhura Khan (PW-6) and Ramzan (PW-1). The place of occurrence was also got photographed. On 13.04.2005 vide memo Exhibit-P/10, the appellant, Sheikh Abdul Kadir, was arrested. 7. The case of the prosecution is that at the time of arrest, during investigation, the appellant suffered disclosure statement (Exhibit-P/24) and disclosed that he had kept concealed one metallic tongs ( fpEVk ) and one piece of vest ( cfu;ku ) in a room of Jindashah Madaar, Madaartekri. 8. It is further the case of the prosecution that in pursuance of the disclosure statement (Exhibit-P/24), vide memo Exhibit-P/11 accused-appellant also got recovered above said two articles in presence of Bhura Khan (PW-6) and Anil Kumar Sharma, Constable (PW-9). The Investigating Officer, at the time of arrest vide memo Exhibit-P/13, had recovered one tericot kurta, one lungri and one Jacket worn by the accused, which were stained with blood. The said recovery memo Exhibit-P/13 was also attested by Bhura Khan (PW-6) and Prakash Chandra (PW-8). 9. Prosecution brought on record the report (Exhibit-P/27) obtained from the State Forensic Science Laboratory, Jaipur. As per the above said report, the cover of pillow ( rfd;k ), mattress ( xn~nk ), stone recovered from the spot, kurta & payajama worn by the deceased, metallic tongs ( fpEVk ) and piece of vest ( cfu;ku ) recovered at instance of accused-appellant and the jacket worn by the accused, all were human blood having group 'AB'. 10. Having noted all the incriminating evidence gathered by the prosecution, we shall examine the evidence led by the prosecution to examine whether prosecution has succeeded to bring home the guilt, on the part of the appellant. 11. Ramzan (PW-1) had presented the written-report (Exhibit-P/1) to the Investigating Officer in which he stated that his maternal uncle Chand Ali on 10.04.2005 had left Village, Dorai for going to Jindashah Baba ki Madaar, Kundan Nagar Pahari. In the morning of 11.04.2005, he learnt that during night somebody had murdered Chand Ali. He came to Madaarshah and found that maternal uncle had suffered injury on the left ear. According to this witness, maternal uncle was murdered by some unknown person. In the morning of 11.04.2005, he learnt that during night somebody had murdered Chand Ali. He came to Madaarshah and found that maternal uncle had suffered injury on the left ear. According to this witness, maternal uncle was murdered by some unknown person. This witness has proved memo Exhibit-P/2, whereby blood stained and simple soil were lifted from the spot. This witness had also proved seizure memo Exhibit-P/3, whereby blood smeared stone was recovered from the spot. This witness had attested recovery memo Exhibit-P/4, whereby the cover of pillow ( rfd;k ) and piece of mattress ( xn~nk ) were taken into possession. This witness has also attested the "panchnama" of the dead-body (Exhibit-P/5). 12. In cross-examination, this witness stated that he had seen accused one-&-half year or two years at the fair (mela) of Madaarshah. 13. Sajjad Ali (PW-2) stated that he attested the "panchnama" of the dead-body (Exhibit-P/5) and the site-plan of the spot (Exhibit-P/6). This witness also attested the seizure memo Exhibit-P/3, whereby blood stained stone was taken into possession by the Police. This witness had also attested Exhibit-P/7, whereby the kurta & payajama worn by the deceased stained with blood were taken into possession by the Police. He also attested Exhibit-P/8, whereby the dead-body of Chand Ali after the Post-Mortem was handed over to his son-in-law, Jamal Ali. 14. In cross-examination, this witness stated that Chand Ali in relationship was his maternal uncle. Deceased was resident of Dorai. This witness further stated that at the time when the recovery was effected from the spot, accused was also standing there. The witness stated that he cannot tell about the clothes, which was worn by the accused at that time. The following lines of the cross-examination being important, are reproduced below:-" j[ks Fks eSa ugha crk ldrkA ckck ls esjs lkeus iwNrkN ugha dhA " 15. Aabad Ali (PW-3) stated that Chand Ali was his maternal grand-father. He was khidmatgar at Chilla Madaar Tekri, Kundan Nagar. Shokat Ali was also doing khidmatgari. This witness stated that Kadirbaba, present in Court, along with maternal grand-father also used to stay at Madaar. This witness stated that accused used to restrain his maternal grand-father from throwing tobacco (bidis) at Madaar. This witness further stated that he received a telephonic information regarding death of his maternal grand-father. This witness stated that he is not aware as to when maternal grand-father was murdered. This witness stated that accused used to restrain his maternal grand-father from throwing tobacco (bidis) at Madaar. This witness further stated that he received a telephonic information regarding death of his maternal grand-father. This witness stated that he is not aware as to when maternal grand-father was murdered. This witness stated that the day before the death of his grand-father, he had come to the Madaar. Bhura Khan came there after some time. He cooked 'chicken'. The same was taken by him and Kadirbaba. His maternal grand-father came to the Madaar at about 02:30 P.M. At around 04:30 P.M. he along with Kadirbaba came down from the Hill and his maternal grand-father alone remained at the place of occurrence. " eSa vkSj dkfnj ckck pkj cts vk x;s vkSj esjs ukuk fpYys ij vdsys jg x;s FksA " 16. Thus, it is apparent that the appellant had descended from the hillock at 04:00 P.M. and the death had taken place afterwards and there is no evidence that the appellant had gone back to the hillock. Lastly, this witness stated that he along with Kadirbaba had stayed at the house of Bhura Khan (PW-6) for five/ten minutes. 17. Ajay Balia (PW-4) stated that in the morning of 11.04.2005, he had gone to the Madaar to do exercise and he found a person lying dead and the blood had already oozed from his dead-body. 18. Chhote Khan (PW-5) was a Water-Carrier to the Madaar. He has not supported the prosecution case and was declared hostile. This witness stated that he is not aware regarding any differences between accused and deceased. But this witness stated that he had seen the dead-body. 19. Bhura Khan (Pw-6) stated that on 10.04.2005 he along with his family had gone to the Madaar to pay thanks and obeisance as operation regarding removal of uterus of his wife was successful. He had cooked 'chicken' there. At about 01:30 P.M. deceased Chand Ali @ Bhura came. He returned to his house along with his family at 02:00-03:00 P.M. Later-on, accused and Aabad after taking tea left his house. Baba left the house by stating that he is going back to the Dargah. In the night at 10:00-10:30 P.M. Baba came back and after taking tea had gone to the room. He returned to his house along with his family at 02:00-03:00 P.M. Later-on, accused and Aabad after taking tea left his house. Baba left the house by stating that he is going back to the Dargah. In the night at 10:00-10:30 P.M. Baba came back and after taking tea had gone to the room. At 01:30 P.M. accused woke up to urinate and thereafter had gone back to the room and at 07:30 A.M. Ajay and Chhota came from the Madaar. The dead-body of Chand Ali was lying there. In the night, accused was wearing black colour kurta and lungi. This witness stated that due to litter thrown at the Madaar there used to be differences between the accused and deceased. The accused used to defile the Madaar by passing urine and stool and this was objected to, by the accused. 20. In cross-examination, this witness stated that accused, present in Court, had gone to the hillock along with them and had returned with them. " ;g ckck gkftj vnkyr gekjs lkFk gh mij x;s Fks vkSj gekjs lkFk gh uhps vk x;s FksA " 21. This witness further stated that the tongs " fpEVk " and the clothes i.e. vest etc., recovered were not shown to him. This witness stated that the accused was taken by the Police on the same day, when the dead-body was recovered. " ;g ckr lgh gS fd iqfylokys ckcs dks 11 rk0 dks ysdj x;s Fks] mlds ckn ckck dks iqfyl us ugha NksM+k ckck iqfyl dh fgjklr esa gh jgk FkkA " 22. This witness further stated that the accused used to serve Madaar without any charges. He had no greed and, therefore, there were differences between Chand Ali and Shokat Ali. Lastly, this witness stated that it is correct that the Police had taken accused in custody on 11.04.2005 and thereafter had not released him. " eSa [kM+k ns[k jgk Fkk rc iqfyl dks ryk'kh yh rsbZA ;g ckr lgh gS fd vfHk;qDr Hkh ogka ekStwn FkkA ckck us ml le; dkSu ls diM+s igu j[ks Fks eSa ugha crk ldrkA ckck ls esjs lkeus iwNrkN ughaA " 23. Baluram Choudhary (PW-7), being Head Constable was In-charge of the Malkhana, Police Station, Alwargate, Ajmer. This witness stated that on 11.04.2005 and 13.04.2005, the Investigating Officer had deposited seized articles with him. Baluram Choudhary (PW-7), being Head Constable was In-charge of the Malkhana, Police Station, Alwargate, Ajmer. This witness stated that on 11.04.2005 and 13.04.2005, the Investigating Officer had deposited seized articles with him. The same were handed over by him to the various police personnels for taking to the State Forensic Science Laboratory, Jaipur. 24. Prakash Chandra (PW-8) stated that on 13.04.2005 in his presence, accused was arrested and the blood stained clothes worn by him were taken into possession by the Police. 25. Anil Kumar Sharma (PW-9), Constable had attested memo regarding recovery of the piece of vest ( cfu;ku ) and tongs ( fpEVk ) from the accused. 26. Rambhanwar Singh (PW-10) stated that he was posted as Sub Inspector at Police Station, Alwargate, Ajmer. On receipt of written-report (Exhibit-P/1) through Mahendra Singh (PW-12), Constable he registered a formal First Information Report (Exhibit-P/17). 27. Sita Ram (PW-11), being Investigating Officer proved various facets of the investigation. 28. Mahendra Singh (PW-12) had carried written-report (Exhibit-P/1) to the Police and on the basis of which a formal First Information Report (Exhibit-P/17) was registered. 29. Bhanwar Lal (PW-13) had carried eight sealed packets to the State Forensic Science Laboratory, Jaipur vide Exhibit-P/19. 30. Dr. P.K. Saraswat (PW-14) had conducted autopsy on the dead-body of deceased Chand Ali and stated that the deceased had suffered as many as six injuries. As per opinion of the Medical Board, the cause of death of Chand Ali was injury on the head. 31. Prosecution closed its evidence. 32. The statement of accused under Section 313 of Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 was recorded and all incriminating evidence was put to him. He denied the same and stated that on the day of occurrence, he remained from morning till evening in the house of Bhura Khan (PW-6) and he had not visited Madaar. 33. In defence, no witness was examined by the accused. 34. As has been stated earlier, the conviction of the appellant rests upon the following circumstances:- A. The accused had got recovered blood stained tongs ( cfu;ku ) and piece of vest ( fpEVk ), which were stained with human blood group 'AB'. B. Three clothes worn by the deceased i.e. Kurta, Lungi and Jacket were recovered. The Jacket worn by the deceased was also stained with human blood group 'AB'. B. Three clothes worn by the deceased i.e. Kurta, Lungi and Jacket were recovered. The Jacket worn by the deceased was also stained with human blood group 'AB'. C. The Kurta-payajama worn by the deceased, piece of mattress ( xn~nk ) and cover of pillow (( rfd;k ) used by deceased as bedding were also stained with human blood group 'AB' and the recovery effected from the accused tallied with the blood group found on the bedding used and clothes worn by the deceased." 35. We have been called upon to examine whether above incriminating circumstances complete the chain to arrive at a conclusion that the offence has been committed only by the appellant and nobody else. 36. Prosecution case has inherently failed to prove that at the time of occurrence, the appellant was present at the Madaar or the appellant was last seen with the deceased, rather the evidence has emerged that the appellant descended from the Madaar and came to the house of Bhura Khan (PW-6) and nobody had seen appellant returning to the Madaar. 37. Aabad Ali (PW-3) in the Court stated that accused came along with him to the house of Bhura Khan (PW-6). Bhura Khan also stated that accused came to his house and told that he shall go back to Madaar and returned at 10:30 P.M. in the night, but whether appellant had gone there or not? no clinching evidence has come on record. No witness had seen accused and deceased together after accused-appellant came down from the Madaar along with Abaad Ali (PW-3) and Bhura Khan (PW-6). What was stated to Bhura Khan (PW-6) by the accused that he will go back to "Dargah" alone is not sufficient, until somebody had seen accused going towards the Madaar. Bhura Khan (PW-6) also stated that for a whole night, accused stayed at his house. 38. Be that as it may, much ado has been made by the learned Public Prosecutor appearing for the State regarding the clothes worn by the accused, which were smeared with blood group 'AB'. The human blood group 'AB' is also said to be the blood group of deceased Chand Ali. The arrest of the accused, as per record, has been effected on 13.04.2005 i.e. after three-days of occurrence. It is unbelievable that for three days, accused will not change his clothes and will roam around with blood stained jacket. The human blood group 'AB' is also said to be the blood group of deceased Chand Ali. The arrest of the accused, as per record, has been effected on 13.04.2005 i.e. after three-days of occurrence. It is unbelievable that for three days, accused will not change his clothes and will roam around with blood stained jacket. The jacket is not an inner wear, so blood stained thereupon shall be visible to everybody. 39. Sazzad Ali (PW-2) has attested "panchnama"of dead-body (Exhibit-P/5), the site-plan of spot (Exhibit-P/6) and seizure memo Exhibit-P/3, whereby blood stained stone was taken into possession by the Police. When the recovery was being effected, accused was present at the spot, but the witness could not tell about the clothes of the accused, which was worn by him at time he was standing along with the Police at the place, where the dead-bod was lying. " eSa [kM+k ns[k jgk Fkk rc iqfyl dks ryk'kh yh rsbZA ;g ckr lgh gS fd vfHk;qDr Hkh ogka ekStwn FkkA ckck us ml le; dkSu ls diM+s igu j[ks Fks eSa ugha crk ldrkA ckck ls esjs lkeus iwNrkN ughaA " 40. Bhura Khan (PW-6) in whose presence recovery of the clothes of accused was effected, has stated in the Court that the Police took the dead-body into possession on 11th of April, 2005 and on the same day, accused was arrested and he was not released thereafter. The dead-body was taken into possession by the Police on 11.04.2005, after information regarding murder was received. 41. Therefore, it is apparent that the appellant was with the Police at the time dead-body was recovered. There was no justification by the Police to show the arrest of the appellant vide memo Exhibit-P/10 on 13.04.2005 after two days and if the accused was arrested on the same day when the dead-body was recovered and the clothes of deceased were taken into possession, then the Police ought to have been shown the arrest of the accused and the recovery of clothes from the accused also on the said date. 42. Thus, the possibility that the blood on the clothes of the accused and the recoveries effected from him is a padding cannot be ruled out. 43. In the context of above, while doubting recovery from the accused, we cannot become oblivious of the fact that the disclosure statement (Exhibit-P/24) is not attested by any witness. 42. Thus, the possibility that the blood on the clothes of the accused and the recoveries effected from him is a padding cannot be ruled out. 43. In the context of above, while doubting recovery from the accused, we cannot become oblivious of the fact that the disclosure statement (Exhibit-P/24) is not attested by any witness. 44. Relying upon the judgment of Hon'ble Apex Court in the case of Harjit Singh v. State of Punjab, A.I.R. 2002 Supreme Court 3040 , a Division Bench of this Court of which one of us (Kanwaljit Singh Ahluwalia, J.) was a Member in Rameshwar and Dinesh @ Pillu v. State of Rajasthan, D.B. Criminal Appeal No.158/2010, decided on 10.11.204 , has observed as under:- "Having appreciated the evidence of the witness, it is to be noted that disclosure statement Ex-P/22 as made by Munesh is not attested by any witness what to say of any independent witness. Ex.P/22 is recorded on 31st July, 2006 at 11 P.M. It is only signed by SHO Police Station, Bhusawar Distt. Bharatpur. It was held in Harjit Singh & Ors. v. State of Punjab AIR 2002 Supreme Court 3040 that disclosure statement should be signed by independent person and Investigating officer should not associate any eye witness with the recovery memos. In the present case, no witness was associated at the time when disclosure statement was made. It is necessary for the prosecution to prove that the disclosure statement was made voluntary without any duress or coercion. To justify voluntary character of disclosure statement, it ought to be recorded in the presence of witnesses, it is to be noted that Section 27 of Indian Evidence Act is an exception to Section 25 of the Indian Evidence Act which says that nothing stated to police is admissible in evidence. Since Section 27 carve out an exception, it is necessary that prosecution must show some material to the Court to be satisfied that same was not fabricated, therefore, it is necessary that it should have been made in presence of some witnesses." 45. In the present case, the Investigating Officer had manipulated the record so far as arrest of the accused is concerned, therefore, we cannot place implicit reliance upon the disclosure statement (Exhibit-P/24), which is not attested by any witness. 46. In the present case, the Investigating Officer had manipulated the record so far as arrest of the accused is concerned, therefore, we cannot place implicit reliance upon the disclosure statement (Exhibit-P/24), which is not attested by any witness. 46. We are also of the view that it is not safe to rely upon the recovery of the clothes from the accused as the investigation regarding arrest of the accused is tainted. 47. Furthermore, in the present case, the Investigating Agency had not taken blood of the accused into possession and it cannot be ruled out that the blood group of the accused may be 'AB', which was found on the clothes of the accused. Recently, in D.B. Criminal Appeal No. 39/2005 [Ajay Gupta @ Omprakash v. State of Rajasthan], decided on 5.12.2014 , a Division Bench of this Court of which Kanwaljit Singh Ahluwalia, J., was a member, relied upon Shankarlal Gyarasilal Dixit v. State of Maharashtra [1981 Criminal Law Journal 325] , to hold that the prosecution ought to rule out the fact that the same blood group may be of the accused. 48. Para 28 of Shankarlal Gyarasilal Dixit (supra) is thus reproduced: 28. The discovery of a blood stain of the B Group measuring 0.5, cm. in diameter on the appellant's pant and of a dried stain of semen on his under-pant are circumstances far too feeble to establish that the appellant raped or murder Sunita. 'B' Group is not an uncommon group of blood and no effort was made to exclude the possibility that the blood of the appellant belonged to the same group. As regards the dried stain of semen on the appellant's under-pant, he was a grown up man of 30 years and no compelling inference can arise that the stain was caused during the course of the sexual assault committed by him on the girl." 50. As regards the dried stain of semen on the appellant's under-pant, he was a grown up man of 30 years and no compelling inference can arise that the stain was caused during the course of the sexual assault committed by him on the girl." 50. Having doubted the recovery of metallic tongs " fpEVk ", the piece of vest " cu;ku " and clothes of the accused, we are of the view that the prosecution has miserably failed to prove on record incriminating circumstances to come to a conclusion that the appellant alone has committed offence and it was not committed by anybody else and even for the sake of assumption if we believe the incriminating circumstances, then also we are of the view that chain of circumstances is not complete to arrive at a conclusion that offence has only been committed by the appellant and nobody else.51. Consequently, by extending the benefit of doubt, we set aside the conviction and the sentence awarded by the trial Court upon the appellant by accepting the present appeal and acquitting the appellant of the charges. *******