Research › Search › Judgment

Gauhati High Court · body

2018 DIGILAW 712 (GAU)

RADHABALLAV KHITISH CH. SAHA v. UNION OF INDIA

2018-04-26

A.K.GOSWAMI

body2018
JUDGMENT : ARUP KUMAR GOSWAMI, J. 1. Heard Mr. J.P. Sarma along with Mr. S.K Sarkar, learned counsel for the petitioners. Also heard Mr. S.S. Roy, learned Central Government counsel, appearing for the respondent No. 1, Mr. N. Baruah, learned standing counsel, Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL), appearing for the respondent Nos.2, 3, 4 & 5 and Mr. S.R. Baruah, learned State counsel, appearing for the respondent Nos.6 & 7. 2. The petitioner No. 1 was appointed as a Dealer of the respondent No. 2 by a Memorandum of Agreement dated 24.11.1970 for sale of Kerosene/Light Diesel Oil (LDO) within the area of Golakganj in the district of Goalpara, presently falling in the district of Dhubri. The petitioner Firm was reconstituted with 5(five) Partners in the year 1997 and 1(one) Partner having died in the year 2002, presently the petitioner Firm has 4(four) Partners. 3. The petitioner Firm was granted a licence under the provisions of the Assam Public Distribution of Articles Order, 1982. It is asserted by the petitioners that the petitioner Firm had an unblemished record for more than 4(four) decades. For the purpose of distribution of Kerosene under the Public Distribution System, the petitioners get its supplies from Bongaigaon Refinery & Petrochemical Limited (BRPL), Bongaigaon. On 24.07.2011, supply of SK Oil was stopped to the petitioner Firm by the respondent No. 2. Similar action was taken in respect of 6(six) other Dealers but subsequently, supply was resumed in respect of other 5(five) Dealers barring the petitioner Firm and one M/s N.K. Petroleum, Golagkganj. The Deputy Commissioner, Dhubri, by a WT Message dated 29.08.2011, requested the State Level Coordinator, IOCL (MD) and the Chief Divisional Manager, IOCL (AOD/MD) to allow the petitioners to lift and distribute SK Oil as earlier. 4. It appears that in the early morning of 23.07.2011, instances of bursting of Blue Dyed SK Oil Filled Lamps had taken place in Golakganj area. Over a period of time, 65 numbers of such instances had taken place, injuring 57 persons and resulting in death of 8(eight) persons. Samples of SK Oil were drawn jointly by the officials of the IOCL and the officials of the Food, Civil Supplies & Consumer Affairs Department from the SK Oil Depots of the Golakganj Sub-Division. Over a period of time, 65 numbers of such instances had taken place, injuring 57 persons and resulting in death of 8(eight) persons. Samples of SK Oil were drawn jointly by the officials of the IOCL and the officials of the Food, Civil Supplies & Consumer Affairs Department from the SK Oil Depots of the Golakganj Sub-Division. One sample of each of the samples collected jointly in respect of the said Dealers was retained by the Office of the Deputy Commissioner and the said samples as well as 3(three) more samples of SK Oil collected by the officials of the Food, Civil Supplies & Consumer Affairs Department on 23.07.2011 and 24.07.2011 were sent to the Forensic Science Laboratory for testing on 26.07.2011. The test reports of Forensic Science Laboratory, which are enclosed to the affidavit of the Deputy Commissioner, Dhubri, show the following results:- "30.07.2011 M/s N.K. Petroleum : The Exhibit C-44/11 is a petroleum product. However, it fails to meet the specification of Kerosene with respect to distillation parameters. 01.08.2011 M/s Town Stores : 1. The Exhibit C-43/11 is a petroleum product. 2. The exhibit is more volatile than Kerosene and fails to meet distillation parameters of Kerosene oil. 3. It is not safe to use C-43/11 in Kerosene lamp and stove. 01.08.2011 M/s RBKC Saha: 1. The Exhibit C-45/2011 is one petroleum product. 2. The Exhibit C-45/2011 is much more volatile than Kerosene and fails to meet the distillation parameters of Kerosene. 3. It will be dangerous if C-45/2011 is used for Kerosene lamp and stove. 01.08.2011 M/s D.K. Agency : 1. The Exhibit C-46/2011 is one petroleum product. 2. The Exhibit C-46/2011 is much more volatile than Kerosene and fails to meet the distillation parameters of Kerosene. 3. It will be dangerous if C-46/2011 is used for Kerosene lamp and stove. 01.08.2011 M/s Purnima Kerosene Agency : 1. The Exhibit C-47/2011 is a petroleum product. 2. The Exhibit C-47/2011 is much more volatile than Kerosene and fails to meet the distillation parameters of Kerosene Oil. 3. It will be dangerous if C-47/2011 is used for Kerosene lamp and stove. 01.08.2011 M/s Sudhir Ghosh : 1. The Exhibit C-52/11 is a petroleum product. 2. It is much more volatile than Kerosene and fails to meet the distillation parameters of Kerosene. 3. It will be dangerous if C-52/11 is used for Kerosene lamp and stove. 3. It will be dangerous if C-47/2011 is used for Kerosene lamp and stove. 01.08.2011 M/s Sudhir Ghosh : 1. The Exhibit C-52/11 is a petroleum product. 2. It is much more volatile than Kerosene and fails to meet the distillation parameters of Kerosene. 3. It will be dangerous if C-52/11 is used for Kerosene lamp and stove. 02.08.2011 M/s Madhob Bin : 1. The Exhibit C-51/11 is a petroleum product. 2. The Exhibit C-51/11 is much more volatile than Kerosene and fails to meet the distillation parameters of Kerosene Oil. 3. It will be dangerous if C-51/11 is used for Kerosene lamp and stove. 01.08.2011 M/s N.K. Petroleum : 1. The Exhibit C-50/11 is a petroleum product. 2. The Exhibit C-50/11 is much more volatile than Kerosene and fails the distillation parameters of Kerosene. 3. It will be dangerous if C-50/11 is used for Kerosene lamp and fuel. 02.08.2011 M/s Promod Trading Co. : 1. The Exhibit C-49/11 is a petroleum product. 2. The Exhibit C-49/11 is much more volatile than Kerosene and fails the distillation parameters of Kerosene Oil. 3. It will be dangerous if C-49/11 is used for Kerosene lamp and stove. 01.08.2011 M/s N.K Lall : 1. The Exhibit C-48/11 is a petroleum product. 2. The Exhibit C-48/11 is much more volatile than Kerosene and fails to meet the distillation parameters of Kerosene. 3. It will be dangerous if C-48/11 is used for Kerosene lamp and stove." 5. Basing on the reports of the Forensic Science Laboratory indicating that BRPL authority (the supplier of SK Oil) is solely responsible in releasing contaminated SK Oil leading to loss of human lives and injury to many others, an ejahar was lodged by the Deputy Commissioner, Dhubri on 04.08.2011, which was registered as Dhubri P.S. Case No. 428/2011 under Sections 285/337/338/427/436/440/304/34 IPC. 6. Along with the Dealers' samples collected from the Dealers numbering 7(seven), Tank Lorry Filling (TLF) retention from Tank Nos.1804, 1801 and 1803 and retention sample from the aforesaid tanks totaling 13(thirteen) samples were tested by the Bongaigaon Refinery Quality Control Laboratory (BRQCL) on 24.07.2011 and out of the said samples, sample of the petitioner Firm and that of M/s N.K. Petroleum recorded Flash Point of 28.0 Degree Centigrade and 25.0 Degree Centigrade, respectively, which are less than the minimum of 35.0 Degree Centigrade. In other words, while all other samples passed the Flash Point test, the samples of the petitioner Firm as well as that of M/s N.K. Petroleum failed in the said test. 7. After the W.T. Message was issued on 29.08.2011, a letter dated 13.09.2011 was also issued by the Deputy Commissioner, Dhubri to the Chief Divisional Retail Sales Manager, Guwahati Integrated Divisional Office (GIDO) requesting for restoration of SK Oil supply to the petitioner Firm as well as to M/s N.K. Petroleum. It is stated in the said letter that in respect of 7(seven) Dealers, 4(four) numbers of samples were drawn jointly by the officials of the IOCL and the officials of the Food, Civil Supplies & Consumer Affairs Department and that 1(one) sample was retained by the respective Depots, 2(two) by officials of the IOCL and 1(one) by the Office of the Deputy Commissioner. By the said letter, all test reports of Forensic Science Laboratory as well as BRPL Laboratory were sent to him. 8. On 03.08.2011, the Manager (Retail Sales), Bongaigaon-II RSA, had sent a letter (Annexure-20 of the affidavit dated 06.09.2014), based on the result of the BRQCL that Flash Point of the product stored in the underground tank of the petitioner Firm had been found far below the normal 35.0 Degree Centigrade indicating that the quality of the product had been breached, asking the petitioner to explain the reason for the low Flash Point within a period of 7(seven) days, failing which it was indicated that it would be construed that the petitioner Firm had no explanation/clarification. It appears that the petitioners had submitted an explanation on 10.08.2011. However, the explanation submitted by the petitioners is not brought on record by any of the parties. 9. Being not satisfied with the explanation, a show cause notice dated 14.10.2011 was issued by the Chief Divisional Retail Sales Manager, GIDO to the petitioner Firm along with its 4(four) Partners requiring them to show cause within a period of 30(thirty) days from the date of issuance of the letter as to why the Dealership granted should not be revoked/withdrawn. Being not satisfied with the explanation, a show cause notice dated 14.10.2011 was issued by the Chief Divisional Retail Sales Manager, GIDO to the petitioner Firm along with its 4(four) Partners requiring them to show cause within a period of 30(thirty) days from the date of issuance of the letter as to why the Dealership granted should not be revoked/withdrawn. The gravamen of the allegations in the said show cause notice is that the samples drawn on 24.07.2011 from the underground tank of the petitioner Firm had failed the test of Flash Point parameter and that the said stock of SK Oil lying in the tank of the petitioner Firm is contaminated with impurities or other matters or things, which are injurious to the quality of SKO, which without any doubt demonstrates that such contamination had taken place within the premises of the retail outlet of the petitioner Firm and thus, the case fell under unauthorized purchases/sales/exchange of SKO or any other product, which could be used as substitute of SKO for which penal action is termination in the 1st instance. Reference was made to Clause No. (8) of the Dealership Agreement dated 01.09.1984. The same reads as under:- "'The Dealer shall take every reasonable precaution against contamination of the Kerosene/LDO purchased from the Corporation by water, dirt, impurities or other matters or things injurious to its quality and shall not in any way directly or indirectly adulterate or alter the Corporation's standard quality as sold.'" 10. It was also observed in the said show cause notice dated 14.10.2011 as follows:- "As contamination of the stock of SKO lying in the barrels of your agency on 24.07.2011 had taken place within the premises of your SKO agency, the clause No. (8) of the dealership agreement which has been executed by and between yourself and Indian Oil Corporation Limited on 23rd July 2007 has been breached upon by you and therefore the same also calls for termination of the said dealership agreement." It was also observed as follows:- "It is an established case of contamination of product (SKO) within the premises of your SKO agency by impurities or other matters which is injurious to the quality of SKO which has directly led to alteration of the Corporation's standard quality of SKO, as was sold to you." 11. The petitioners had submitted a show cause reply dated 31.10.2011 and thereafter, the impugned order dated 27.03.2012 was passed by the Chief Divisional Retail Sales Manager, GIDO terminating the agreement as per Clause-15 of the Dealership Agreement dated 01.09.1984 holding that failure of the sample drawn on 24.07.2011 had established violation of Clause No. (8) of the Dealership Agreement. 12. Mr. J.P. Sarma, learned counsel for the petitioners submits that though the respondents were aware of the adverse reports given by the Forensic Science Laboratory, Assam in respect of the samples collected highlighting in no uncertain terms that it was dangerous to use the petroleum product, which is much more volatile than Kerosene, in Kerosene lamp and which had failed to meet distillation parameters of Kerosene, the said aspect had been simply brushed aside by giving undue importance to the reports prepared by BRPL. He submits that the same was done to protect the Officers of BRPL from the accusation of negligence. He has strenuously argued that non-consideration of the said reports of the Forensic Science Laboratory had vitiated the entire decision making process. Reliance placed by the IOCL authorities in the report of BRPL cannot have primacy over the reports of an independent agency such as the Forensic Science Laboratory, Assam, he contends. He further submits that all the samples of all the Dealers having been found to be deficient in distillation parameter, there is no rational explanation as to why only the petitioners had been picked up for the purpose of termination of the Dealership. He has also submitted that the report of the Forensic Science Laboratory does not indicate contamination of the product and/or presence of any impurities and, therefore, it cannot be countenanced that the petitioner Firm was in any way involved or was responsible for contamination or mishandling of the product in the premises of the petitioners. Therefore, invocation of Clause No. (8) of the Dealership Agreement dated 01.09.1984 for the purpose of termination of the Dealership in terms of Clause-15 is not legally tenable, he submits. 13. Mr. Therefore, invocation of Clause No. (8) of the Dealership Agreement dated 01.09.1984 for the purpose of termination of the Dealership in terms of Clause-15 is not legally tenable, he submits. 13. Mr. N. Baruah, learned standing counsel, IOCL has submitted that as is evident from the report of the BRPL authority that the samples collected from the petitioner Firm and that of another Firm had only failed the Flash Point test and that the samples taken from the Tank Lorry Filling Bay of the BRPL Refinery on 19.07.2011 and 23.07.2011 had duly passed the said Flash Point test and, therefore, there is no escape from the conclusion that the petitioner Firm is wholly responsible for failure of Flash Point test in respect of its sample. Thus, there was a failure on the part of the petitioner Firm to take reasonable precaution against contamination and, therefore, Clause No. (8) of the Dealership Agreement was rightly invoked. He submits that termination of the Dealership of the petitioner Firm was effected after giving due opportunity to the petitioners and no interference with the impugned order is called for. 14. Mr. S.R. Baruah, learned State counsel has submitted that the District Administration from the very inception had supported the case of the petitioners on the basis of the Forensic Science Laboratory reports, which do not, in any way, implicate the petitioners with any wrong doing and, therefore, the Deputy Commissioner had strongly advocated resumption of supply to the petitioner Firm. The request was, however, not accepted and finally, the impugned order of termination was passed. In the above backdrop, he submits that it will be wholly unfair to hold that the petitioners are responsible only on the basis of the test reports of the BRPL authorities, whose officers are facing trial in connection with Dhubri P.S. Case No. 428/2011 under Sections 285/337/338/427/436/440/304/34 IPC arising out of an ejahar filed by the Deputy Commissioner, Dhubri on 04.08.2011. 15. I have considered the submissions of the learned counsel appearing for the parties and have perused the materials on record. 16. In its reply dated 31.10.2011 to the show cause notice dated 14.10.2011, the petitioners had referred to, though not in detail, sending of samples to the Forensic Science Laboratory and the report given by the Forensic Science Laboratory and had stated that there was nothing to show that any adulteration was made. 17. 16. In its reply dated 31.10.2011 to the show cause notice dated 14.10.2011, the petitioners had referred to, though not in detail, sending of samples to the Forensic Science Laboratory and the report given by the Forensic Science Laboratory and had stated that there was nothing to show that any adulteration was made. 17. In the letter dated 13.9.2011 (Annexure-VI of the writ petition) addressed to the Chief Divisional Retail Sales Manager (GIDO), the Deputy Commissioner, Dhubri had referred to the reports of the Forensic Science Laboratory, Assam and had enclosed all the test reports of BRPL Laboratory and Forensic Science Laboratory. In the show cause notice dated 14.10.2011, there is not even a whisper with regard to the report of the Forensic Science Laboratory. 18. In the impugned termination order dated 27.03.2012, the report of the Forensic Science Laboratory was dealt with in the following manner:- "Our comment - State Forensic Science Laboratory has not intimated IOCL about any test report pertaining to samples drawn from any of the SKO/LDO agency from which joint samples were drawn by IOCL officials and district FCS&CA officials. Hence, the Corporation cannot make any comment on this issue." 19. However, nothing has been mentioned with regard to enclosing of the Forensic Science Laboratory reports by the Deputy Commissioner in his letter dated 13.09.2011. A very significant aspect of the matter going to the root was shut out from consideration and, therefore, there was failure to take into consideration matters which are germane and relevant for coming to a conclusion as to whether there was any violation of Clause No. (8) of the Dealership Agreement. Non-consideration of the Forensic Science Laboratory reports, which do not implicate the petitioners, has caused grave prejudice to the petitioners. Reliance placed on the Flash Point test in respect of supply made on 19.07.2011 and 23.11.2011 cannot clinch the issue. No reports purportedly favourable to the BRPL authorities have been annexed with the affidavit. The finding recorded by the respondent authorities based on the test reports of the BRPL authorities that there was contamination/mishandling of the product in the premises of the petitioners cannot receive judicial imprimatur on the teeth of the reports of the Forensic Science Laboratory giving clean chit to the petitioners. The reports had not been questioned by the IOCL authorities despite being aware of the same. 20. The reports had not been questioned by the IOCL authorities despite being aware of the same. 20. Clause No. (8) of the Dealership Agreement, in essence, casts responsibility on the Dealer to take reasonable precaution and in the facts and circumstances of this case, it cannot even be reasonably inferred that there was contamination of SK Oil purchased from the Corporation in the premises of the petitioners. When the edifice crumbles, the superstructure falls. Resultantly, the impugned order of termination dated 27.03.2012 is set aside and quashed. The respondents are directed to resume supply of Kerosene to the petitioner Firm subject to compliance of all other legal formalities. 21. With the above observation and direction, the writ petition stands allowed. No cost.