JUDGMENT : 1- izkFkhZ@vfHk;qDr dh vksj ls ;g r`rh; tekur vkosnu /kkjk 483 ch-,u-,l-,l- ?439 n.M izf?;k lafgrk? ds rgr izorZu funs'kky; }kjk lafLFkr bZlhvkbZvkj uacj tsihtsMvks@11@2020 fnukad 17-03-20 ls lacaf/kr fopkj.k U;k;ky; esa yafcr ifjokn la[;k 03@24 vijk/k varxZr /kkjk 3@4 /ku 'kks/ku fuokj.k vf/kfu;e] 2002 ?ftls vkxs ^^vf/kfu;e&2002^^ dgk tkosxk? JUDGMENT : 1- izkFkhZ@vfHk;qDr dh vksj ls ;g r`rh; tekur vkosnu /kkjk 483 ch-,u-,l-,l- ?439 n.M izf?;k lafgrk? ds rgr izorZu funs'kky; }kjk lafLFkr bZlhvkbZvkj uacj tsihtsMvks@11@2020 fnukad 17-03-20 ls lacaf/kr fopkj.k U;k;ky; esa yafcr ifjokn la[;k 03@24 vijk/k varxZr /kkjk 3@4 /ku 'kks/ku fuokj.k vf/kfu;e] 2002 ?ftls vkxs ^^vf/kfu;e&2002^^ dgk tkosxk? esa viuh fu;fer tekur gsrq is'k fd;k x;k gS] ftl ij fo}ku vf/koDrk vfHk;qDr rFkk fo}ku vfrfjDr lkWfylhVj tujy dks lquk x;k] vfHkys[k dk voyksdu fd;kA 2- orZeku ekeys esa ;g vkjksi gS fd eq[; vfHk;qDr egewn [kka }kjk lg&vfHkqDrx.k ds lkFk feydj lLrh njksa ij _.k fnykus dh izoapuk djrs gq, fons'kh ukxfjdksa ls izkslsl Qhl] ,Mokal Qhl] vVkWuhZ Qhl vkfn QthZ QeZ cukdj izkIr dh rFkk dyqf"kr jkf'k dks lQsn /ku cukus ds fy, /ku'kks/ku dk d`R; fd;kA orZeku izkFkhZ@vfHk;qDr 'kguokt vgen ftykuh ij ;g vkjksi gS fd mlds }kjk eq[; vfHk;qDr ds lkFk dkWy lsaVj lapkfyr fd;k rFkk rhu djksM :i;s dh jkf'k [kkrksa esa vUrj.k ds ek/;e ls izkIr djrs gq, viuh iRuh rFkk lkl dks ;g jkf'k vUrfjr djrs gq, /ku'kks/ku dk vijk/k dkfjr fd;kA iwoZ esa fnukad 30-04-2024 dks vfHk;qDr dk izFke tekur vkosnu bl vk/kkj ij [kkfjt fd;k x;k Fkk fd vijk/k xaHkhj gS rFkk ^^vf/kfu;e&2002^^ dh /kkjk&45 esa of.kZr 'krksaZ dh ikyuk ugha gks jgh gSA rRle; ;g Hkh vfHker izdV fd;k x;k fd tc rd ^^vf/kfu;e&2002^^ dh /kkjk&45 esa of.kZr 'krksZa dh ikyuk ugha gksrh gS rc rd mPp U;k;ky; vFkok ls'ku U;k;ky; tekur Lohd`r djus gsrq l{ke ugha gS rFkk ek= ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; }kjk gh Hkkjrh; lafo/kku ds vuqPNsn 142 ds rgr mfpr ekeyksa esa tekur lqfo/kk nsus gsrq l{ke gSA 3- fo}ku vf/koDrk vfHk;qDr dk ;g fuosnu gS fd vfHk;qDr funksZ"k gS] fnukad 28-06-2023 ls vfHkj{kk esa gS] izFke tekur vkosnu [kkfjt gksus ds mijkUr ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; }kjk ;g Li"V fd;k tk pqdk gS fd ^^vf/kfu;e&2002^^ dh /kkjk&45 esa of.kZr 'krksZa dh larqf"V ugha gksus ds ckotwn mfpr ekeyksa esa laoS/kkfud U;k;ky; Hkkjrh; lafo/kku ds vuqPNsn 32 vFkok 226 ds rgr tekur lqfo/kk nsus gsrq l{ke gSA ;g Hkh fuosnu fd;k fd izFke tekur vkosnu [kkfjt gksus ds i'pkr vfHkj{kk vof/k Hkh djhc ,d o"kZ c< pqdh gS] vHkh rd vkjksi Hkh fojfpr ugha gqvk gS] fudV Hkfo"; esa fopkj.k iw.kZ gksus dh laHkkouk ugha gS] lg&vfHkqDr fojkt rFkk jQhd dks ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; }kjk tekur lqfo/kk nh tk pqdh gS] lg&vfHkqDr jQhd dk ekeyk orZeku vfHk;qDr ls fHkUu ugha gSA vkjksfir vijk/k esa U;wure 3 o"kZ vkSj vf/kdre 7 o"kZ dh ltk dk izko/kku gS] vfHk;qDr djhc 18 ekg dh vof/k vfHkj{kk esa O;rhr dj pqdk gS] vr% ,slh fLFkfr esa mls tekur lqfo/kk iznku fd;s tkus dk fuosnu fd;kA vius rdksaZ ds leFkZu esa fuEufyf[kr U;kf;d n`"VkUr izLrqr fd;s& 1. Manish Sisodia vs. Directorate of Enforcement, 2024 SCC Online SC 1920 2. Padam Chand Jain vs. Enforcement Directorate, MANU/SCOR/07119/2025 3. V. Senthil Balaji vs. Dy. Director, Directorate of Enforcement, 2024 SCC Online SC 2626 4. Mahesh Mittal vs. Directorate of Enforcement, S.B. Criminal Misc. Bail Appl. No. 13676/2024 5. Union of India vs. K.A. Najeeb, (2021) 3 SCC 713 6. Udhaw Singh vs. Enforcement Directorate, 2025 SCC Online SC 357 4- blds foijhr izorZu funs'kky; dh vksj fo}ku vfrfjDr lkWfylhVj tujy us rdZ fn;k fd tc rd ^^vf/kfu;e&2002^^ dh /kkjk 45 esa of.kZr 'krksZa dh lraqf"V ugha gksrh gS rc rd ;g U;k;ky; vfHk;qDr dks tekur lqfo/kk nsus gsrq l{ke ugha gSA vius rdksaZ ds leFkZu esa fuEufyf[kr U;kf;d n`"VkUr is'k fd;s& 1. Vijay Madanlal Choudhary and Others vs. Union of India and Others, (2023) 12 SCC 1 2. Directorate of Enforcement vs. Aditya Tripathi, 2023 SCC Online SC 619 3. The Union of India through the Assistant Director, Directorate of Enforcement vs. Kanhaiya Prasad, 2025 SCC Online SC 306 4. Tarun Kumar vs. Assistant Director Directorate of Enforcement, 2023 SCC Online SC 1486 5- nksuksa i{kksa dh vksj ls izLrqr U;kf;d n`"VkUrksa dk llEeku voyksdu fd;kA 6- vfHk;qDr dk izFke tekur vkosnu fnukad 30-04-2024 dks [kkfjt djrs gq, bl U;k;ky; dh [k.MihB }kjk Daulat Singh Vs. Tarun Kumar vs. Assistant Director Directorate of Enforcement, 2023 SCC Online SC 1486 5- nksuksa i{kksa dh vksj ls izLrqr U;kf;d n`"VkUrksa dk llEeku voyksdu fd;kA 6- vfHk;qDr dk izFke tekur vkosnu fnukad 30-04-2024 dks [kkfjt djrs gq, bl U;k;ky; dh [k.MihB }kjk Daulat Singh Vs. State of Rajasthan, 2015 (2) RLW 1761 (Raj.) izfrikfnr O;oLFkk ds vuqlkj ;g vfHker izdV fd;k x;k Fkk fd ^^vf/kfu;e&2002^^ dh /kkjk 45 esa of.kZr 'krksaZ dh lraqf"V ugha gksus ds ckotwn ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; }kjk Hkkjrh; lafo/kku ds vuqPNsn 142 ds rgr mfpr ekeyksa esa vfHk;qDr dks tekur lqfo/kk nsus gsrq l{ke gS] ysfdu ,slh vlk/kkj.k 'kfDr;ka mPp U;k;ky; vFkok ls'ku U;k;ky; dks ugha gSa vkSj bl vk/kkj lfgr vU; vk/kkjksa ij vfHk;qDr dk fu;fer tekur gsrq izLrqr izFke tekur vkosnu [kkfjt fd;k x;k Fkk] f}rh; tekur vkosnu vUrfje tekur ds laca/k esa FkkA 7- ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; }kjk Manish Sisodia vs. Directorate of Enforcement (Supra) ^^vf/kfu;e&2002^^ ds vkjksi esa vkjksih euh"k fllksfn;k dks tekur lqfo/kk iznku dh x;h Fkh] ;g fu.kZ; bl U;k;ky; dh led{k ihB ds le{k U;kf;d n`"VkUr ds :i esa ,d vU; vfHk;qDr ^^inepan tSu^^ ds tekur vkosnu ij lquokbZ ds le; izLrqr fd;k x;k] ijUrq led{k ihB }kjk ;g vfHkfu/kkZfjr fd;k x;k fd euh"k fllksfn;k ds ekeys esa loksZPp U;k;ky; }kjk Hkkjrh; lafo/kku ds vuqPNsn 142 ds rgr tekur lqfo/kk iznku dh x;h gS vkSj varr% vU; ekeys ds vfHk;qDr inepan tSu dk tekur vkosnu [kkfjt fd;k x;k ftlesa vfHk;qDr inepan tSu }kjk ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; esa tekur vkosnu izLrqr fd;kA ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; }kjk Padam Chand Jain vs. Enforcement Directorate (Supra) esa vfHk;qDr dks tekur lqfo/kk nsrs le; ;g Li"V fd;k fd euh"k fllksfn;k dks Hkkjrh; lafo/kku ds vuqPNsn 142 dh vlk/kkj.k 'kfDr;ksa ds rgr tekur lqfo/kk ugha nh tkdj Hkkjrh; lafo/kku ds vuqPNsn 21 esa iznRr ekSfyd vf/kdkjksa ds guu vkSj mudh lqj{kk ds vuq?e esa tekur lqfo/kk iznku dh xbZ FkhA mijksDr fu.kZ; dk iSjk la[;k 6 o 7 lqlaxr gS] tks fuEukuqlkj gS%& "6. Learned Single Judge of the High Court, while considering the law laid down by this Court in Manish Sisodia vs. Directorate of Enforcement, 2024 SCC OnLine 1920, has observed that this Court has granted bail in the said matter in exercise of powers under Article 142 of the Constitution of India. 7. Learned Single Judge of the High Court, while considering the law laid down by this Court in Manish Sisodia vs. Directorate of Enforcement, 2024 SCC OnLine 1920, has observed that this Court has granted bail in the said matter in exercise of powers under Article 142 of the Constitution of India. 7. We may clarify that in the case of Manish Sisodia (supra) the Court has not exercised the powers under Article 142 of the Constitution of India. The Court has held that the twin conditions under Section 45 of the PMLA cannot override the constitutional safeguards, as provided under Article 21 of the Constitution of India. This Court has held that a prolonged incarceration cannot be permitted to be converted pre-trial detention into a sentence without trial. Like in the case of Manish Sisodia (supra) in the present case also thousands of documents are required to be considered at the stage of trial, so also around 50 witnesses are required to be examined. The main evidence in the present case is documentary in nature, which is already seized by the prosecution agency. As such, there is no possibility of the same being tampered with." 8- Union of India vs. K.A. Najeeb (Supra) ds ekeys esa fof/k fo:) f?;kdyki ¼fuokj.k½ vf/kfu;e] 1967 ds vijk/k dk vkjksi Fkk] bl vf/kfu;e dh /kkjk 43&Mh¼5½ esa fofgr dh xbZ 'krksZa dh larqf"V gksus ij gh tekur lqfo/kk fn;s tkus dk izko/kku fd;k x;k Fkk ysfdu mijksDr 'krksZa dh ikyuk ugha gksus ds ckotwn ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; dh o`gn ihB }kjk vfHk;qDr dks tekur lqfo/kk iznku dh xbZ] mijksDr fu.kZ; dk iSjk la[;k 17 lqlaxr gksdj fuEukuqlkj gS%& "17. It is thus clear to us that the presence of statutory restrictions like Section 43-D(5) of the UAPA per se does not oust the ability of the constitutional courts to grant bail on grounds of violation of Part III of the Constitution. Indeed, both the restrictions under a statute as well as the powers exercisable under constitutional jurisdiction can be well harmonised. Whereas at commencement of proceedings, the courts are expected to appreciate the legislative policy against grant of bail but the rigours of such provisions will melt down where there is no likelihood of trial being completed within a reasonable time and the period of incarceration already undergone has exceeded a substantial part of the prescribed sentence. Whereas at commencement of proceedings, the courts are expected to appreciate the legislative policy against grant of bail but the rigours of such provisions will melt down where there is no likelihood of trial being completed within a reasonable time and the period of incarceration already undergone has exceeded a substantial part of the prescribed sentence. Such an approach would safeguard against the possibility of provisions like Section 43-D(5) of the UAPA being used as the sole metric for denial of bail or for wholesale breach of constitutional right to speedy trial." 9- ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; }kjk V. Senthil Balaji vs. Dy. Director, Enforcement Directorate (Supra) ;g vfHkfu/kkZfjr fd;k x;k gS fd vf/kfu;e 2002 dh /kkjk 45 esa of.kZr 'krksZa dh ikyuk ugha gksus ds ckotwn tgka vfHk;qDr yEcs le; ls vfHkj{kk esa gS] fopkj.k foyfEcr gks jgk gS] fudV Hkfo"; esa fopkj.k iw.kZ gksus dh laHkkouk ugha gS rks ,slh fLFkfr esa vf/kfu;e 2002 esa of.kZr vijk/kksa ds ekeyksa esa Hkh laoS/kkfud U;k;ky; Hkkjrh; lafo/kku ds vuqPNsn 32 vFkok 226 dh 'kfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx djrs gq, tekur nsus gsrq l{ke gSA vfHk;qDr dk tekur vkosnu Lohdkj djrs gq, fu.kZ; ds iSjk la[;k 26 ls 29 esa izdV fd;k x;k vfHker lqlaxr gS] tks fuEukuqlkj gS%& "26. There are a series of decisions of this Court starting from the decision in the case of K.A. Najeeb, which hold that such stringent provisions for the grant of bail do not take away the power of Constitutional Courts to grant bail on the grounds of violation of Part III of the Constitution of India. We have already referred to paragraph 17 of the said decision, which lays down that the rigours of such provisions will melt down where there is no likelihood of trial being completed in a reasonable time and the period of incarceration already undergone has exceeded a substantial part of the prescribed sentence. One of the reasons is that if, because of such provisions, incarceration of an undertrial accused is continued for an unreasonably long time, the provisions may be exposed to the vice of being violative of Article 21 of the Constitution of India. 27. Under the Statutes like PMLA, the minimum sentence is three years, and the maximum is seven years. The minimum sentence is higher when the scheduled offence is under the NDPS Act. 27. Under the Statutes like PMLA, the minimum sentence is three years, and the maximum is seven years. The minimum sentence is higher when the scheduled offence is under the NDPS Act. When the trial of the complaint under PMLA is likely to prolong beyond reasonable limits, the Constitutional Courts will have to consider exercising their powers to grant bail. The reason is that Section 45(1)(ii) does not confer power on the State to detain an accused for an unreasonably long time, especially when there is no possibility of trial concluding within a reasonable time. What a reasonable time is will depend on the provisions under which the accused is being tried and other factors. One of the most relevant factor is the duration of the minimum and maximum sentence for the offence. Another important consideration is the higher threshold or stringent conditions which a statute provides for the grant of bail. Even an outer limit provided by the relevant law for the completion of the trial, if any, is also a factor to be considered. The extraordinary powers, as held in the case of K.A. Najeeb, can only be exercised by the Constitutional Courts. The Judges of the Constitutional Courts have vast experience. Based on the facts on record, if the Judges conclude that there is no possibility of a trial concluding in a reasonable time, the power of granting bail can always be exercised by the Constitutional Courts on the grounds of violation of Part III of the Constitution of India notwithstanding the statutory provisions. The Constitutional Courts can always exercise its jurisdiction under Article 32 or Article 226, as the case may be. The Constitutional Courts have to bear in mind while dealing with the cases under the PMLA that, except in a few exceptional cases, the maximum sentence can be of seven years. The Constitutional Courts cannot allow provisions like Section 45(1)(ii) to become instruments in the hands of the ED to continue incarceration for a long time when there is no possibility of a trial of the scheduled offence and the PMLA offence concluding within a reasonable time. If the Constitutional Courts do not exercise their jurisdiction in such cases, the rights of the undertrials under Article 21 of the Constitution of India will be defeated. If the Constitutional Courts do not exercise their jurisdiction in such cases, the rights of the undertrials under Article 21 of the Constitution of India will be defeated. In a given case, if an undue delay in the disposal of the trial of scheduled offences or disposal of trial under the PMLA can be substantially attributed to the accused, the Constitutional Courts can always decline to exercise jurisdiction to issue prerogative writs. An exception will also be in a case where, considering the antecedents of the accused, there is every possibility of the accused becoming a real threat to society if enlarged on bail. The jurisdiction to issue prerogative writs is always discretionary. 28. Some day, the courts, especially the Constitutional Courts, will have to take a call on a peculiar situation that arises in our justice delivery system. There are cases where clean acquittal is granted by the criminal courts to the accused after very long incarceration as an undertrial. When we say clean acquittal, we are excluding the cases where the witnesses have turned hostile or there is a bona fide defective investigation. In such cases of clean acquittal, crucial years in the life of the accused are lost. In a given case, it may amount to violation of rights of the accused under Article 21 of the Constitution which may give rise to a claim for compensation. 29. As stated earlier, the appellant has been incarcerated for 15 months or more for the offence punishable under the PMLA. In the facts of the case, the trial of the scheduled offences and, consequently, the PMLA offence is not likely to be completed in three to four years or even more. 29. As stated earlier, the appellant has been incarcerated for 15 months or more for the offence punishable under the PMLA. In the facts of the case, the trial of the scheduled offences and, consequently, the PMLA offence is not likely to be completed in three to four years or even more. If the appellant's detention is continued, it will amount to an infringement of his fundamental right under Article 21 of the Constitution of India of speedy trial." 10- bl U;k;ky; dh led{k ihB }kjk iwoksZDr fu.kZ; Padam Chand Jain (Supra), Union of India vs. K.A. Najeeb (Supra), Manish Sisodia (Supra) vkfn ij fopkj djus ds mijkUr ^^vf/kfu;e&2002^^ dh /kkjk 45 esa of.kZr 'krksZa dh ikyuk ugha gksus ds ckotwn ,dyihB nkf.Md fofo/k tekur vkosnu la[;k&13676@2024 egs'k feRry cuke izorZu funs'kky; esa vfHk;qDr egs'k dks yEch vfHkj{kk vof/k] fudV Hkfo"; esa fopkj.k iw.kZ ugha gksus vkfn laHkkoukvksa dks ns[krs gq, Hkkjrh; lafo/kku ds vuqPNsn 21 ds rgr ekSfyd vf/kdkjksa ds laj{k.k ds vuqØe esa vuqPNsn 226 ds rgr iznRr 'kfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx djrs gq, tekur lqfo/kk iznku dh xbZ FkhA 11- fo}ku vfrfjDr lkWfylhVj tujy dh vksj ls izLrqr U;kf;d n`"Vkar Vijay Madanlal Choudhary vs. Union of India, Directorate of Enforcement vs. Aditya Tripathi, The Union of India through the Assistant Director, Directorate of Enforcement vs. Kanhaiya Prasad Tarun Kumar vs. Assistant Director Directorate of Enforcement (Supra) ekeyksa esa ;g vfHkfu/kkZfjr fd;k x;k gS fd ^^vf/kfu;e&2002** dh /kkjk 45 esa of.kZr 'kfDr;ksa dh ikyuk ugha gksus ij tekur lqfo/kk fn;k tkuk mfpr ugha gSA 12- fo}ku vf/koDrk vfHk;qDr dk fuosnu gS fd Vijay Madanlal Choudhary (Supra) ds ekeys esa o`gnihB dk fu.kZ; fnukad 27-07-2022 dk gS ijarq mlls iwoZ led{k ihB }kjk ds ekeys esa fnukad 01-02-2021 dks fu.kZ; ikfjr djrs gq, ;g vfHkfu/kkZfjr fd;k x;k gS fd tgka Hkkjrh; lafo/kku ds vuqPNsn 21 ds rgr iznRr Rofjr fopkj.k ds ekSfyd vf/kdkjksa ds guu dh fLFkfr mRiUu gks jgh gks rks izfrca/kksa ds ckotwn tekur lqfo/kk nh tk ldrh gSA mudk ;g Hkh fuosnu gS fd Union of India vs. K.A. Najeeb (Supra) dk fu.kZ; iwoZorhZ gksus ls vkc)dj gS] ftldk vuqlj.k Padam Chand Jain (Supra), V. Senthil Balaji (Supra) & Udhaw Singh (Supra) vkfn ds ekeyksa esa ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; }kjk fd;k x;k gSA 13- iwoZ esa vfHk;qDr dk izFke tekur vkosnu [kkfjt djrs le; ,d vk/kkj ;g Hkh fy;k x;k Fkk fd tc rd ^^vf/kfu;e&2002** dh /kkjk 45 esa of.kZr 'krksZa dh ikyuk ugha gksrh gS] rc rd mPp U;k;ky; vFkok ls'ku U;k;ky; vfHk;qDr dks tekur lqfo/kk nsus gsrq l{ke ugha gS vkSj ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; laiw.kZ U;k; dh n`f"V ls Hkkjrh; lafo/kku ds vuqPNsn 142 ds rgr iznRr vlk/kkj.k vf/kdkfjrk ds rgr tekur vkns'k ikfjr djus gsrq l'kDr gS] ijarq ,slh 'kfDr;ka mPp U;k;ky; dks ugha gSA ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; dh o`gn ihB ds fu.kZ; esa Union of India Vs. K.A. Najeeb (Supra) izfrikfnr O;oLFkk dk vuqlj.k djrs gq, ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; }kjk U;kf;d fu.kZ; Padam Chand Jain (Supra), V.Senthil Balaji (Supra), Manish Sisodia (Supra) & Udhaw Singh (Supra) esa ;g fu"d"kZ fn;k gS fd 'kh?kz fopkj.k vfHk;qDr dk ekSfyd laoS/kkfud vf/kdkj gS rFkk tgka bldk guu gks jgk gks] vfHk;qDr yEcs le; vfHkj{kk esa gks] fopkj.k foyfEcr gks jgk gks rFkk fudV Hkfo"; esa fopkj.k iw.kZ gksus dh laHkkouk ugha gks rks] ,slh fLFkfr esa ^^vf/kfu;e&2002** esa of.kZr vijk/kksa ds ekeyksa esa Hkh laoS/kkfud U;k;ky; Hkkjrh; lafo/kku ds vuqPNsn 32 vFkok 226 ds rgr 'kfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx djrs gq, tekur lqfo/kk nsus gsrq l{ke gSA 14- fo}ku vfrfjDr lkWfylhVj tujy dh vksj ls izLrqr U;kf;d n`"Vkar The Union of India through The Assistant Director, Directorate of Enforcement vs. Kanhaiya Prasad(Supra) ds ekeys esa vfHk;qDr dks nh xbZ tekur lqfo/kk ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; }kjk fujLr dh xbZ Fkh] ijarq ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; }kjk gh i'pkr~orhZ fu.kZ; Udhaw Singh (Supra) ds ekeys esa ;g vfHkfu/kkZfjr fd;k gS fd The Union of India through the Assistant Director, Directorate of Enforcement vs. Kanhaiya Prasad (Supra) esa vfHk;qDr dh vfHkj{kk vof/k lkr ekg dh Fkh] tks vR;f/kd vkSj vuqfpr ugha Fkh vkSj laHkor% blh dkj.k ls rRle; lacaf/kr ihB ds le{k The Union of India vs. K.A. Najeeb (Supra) & V. SenthilBalaji (Supra) ds fu.kZ; ykxw ugha gksus ls izLrqr ugha fd;s vkSj blh dkj.k mu ij fopkj ugha gks ldkA Udhaw Singh (Supra) ds ekeys esa vfHk;qDr dh vfHkj{kk vof/k 1 o"kZ 2 ekg gks pqdh Fkh] dqy 225 xokgksa esa ls ek= ,d xokg ds c;ku gq, Fks] fudV Hkfo"; esa izdj.k ds fuLrkj.k dh laHkkouk ugha gksus dh fLFkfr dks ns[krs gq, The Union of India through the Assistant Director, Directorate of Enforcement vs. Kanhaiya Prasad (Supra) ds ekeys ij fopkj djus ds ckotwn Hkkjrh; lafao/kku ds vuqPNsn 21 ds rgr iznRr vf/kdkj ds e/;utj vfHk;qDr dks tekur lqfo/kk iznku dh xbZ FkhA 15. Padam Chand Jain (Supra), Manish Sisodia (Supra), V. Senthil Balaji (Supra) & Udhaw Singh (Supra) esa vfHk;qDr dh vfHkj{kk vof/k ?e'k% 17 ekg] 7 ekg] 15 ekg rFkk 14 ekg gks pqdh Fkh rFkk vfHk;kstu }kjk izLrqr fd;s tkus okys lk{khx.k vkSj nLrkostksa dh la[;k vR;f/kd Fkh] fudV Hkfo"; esa fopkj.k iw.kZ gksus dh laHkkouk ugha gksus vkfn ifjfLFkfr;ksa dks ns[krs gq, ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; }kjk ;g vfHkfu/kkZfjr fd;k x;k fd pwafd vfHk;qDr yEcs le; ls vfHkj{kk esa gS vkSj fudV Hkfo"; esa fopkj.k iw.kZ gksus dh laHkkouk ugha gS] vr% ,slh fLFkfr esa Hkkjrh; lafo/kku ds vuqPNsn 21 ds ekSfyd vf/kdkjksa ds laj{k.k ds vuq?e esa tekur lqfo/kk fn;k tkuk mfpr gSA mijksDr pkjksa gh ekeyksa esa ^^vf/kfu;e&2002** dh /kkjk 3@4 dk vijk/k FkkA ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; ds mijksDr fu.kZ;ksa esa izfrikfnr O;oLFkk ls Li"V gS fd tgka vfHk;qDr yEcs le; ls vfHkj{kk esa gks] fudV Hkfo"; esa fopkj.k iw.kZ gksus dh laHkkouk ugha gks] rks ,slh fLFkfr esa ^^vf/kfu;e&2002** dh /kkjk 45 esa of.kZr 'krksZa dh ikyuk ugha gksus ds ckotwn ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; vFkok mPp U;k;ky; ?e'k% vuqPNsn 32 rFkk 226 ds rgr iznRr 'kfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx djrs gq, tekur lqfo/kk nsus gsrq l{ke gSA vr% ,slh fLFkfr esa bl fof/kd fLFkfr ds ckcr~ dksbZ lansg 'ks"k ugha jgrk gSA mijksDr fof/kd fLFkfr esa vfHk;qDr tekur lqfo/kk izkIr djus dk vf/kdkjh gS vFkok ugha] bl fcanq ij vkxs fopkj fd;k tk jgk gSA 16- fo}ku vf/koDrk vfHk;qDr dk ;g Hkh fuosnu gS fd orZeku ekeys esa dfFkr :i ls eq[; vkjksih egewn gS] tcfd orZeku vfHk;qDr@izkFkhZ rFkk lg&vfHkqDr jQhd [kku ds fo:) eq[; vfHk;qDr dk lg;ksx fd;s tkus dk vkjksi gSA vfHk;qDr jQhd [kku dk tekur vkosnu bl U;k;ky; }kjk fnukad 21-08-2024 dks [kkfjt fd;k x;k Fkk] ijUrq dkykUrj esa ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; }kjk fudV Hkfo"; esa fopkj.k iw.kZ ugha gksus dh laHkkouk] vfHk;qDr dh djhc ,d o"kZ dh vfHkj{kk vof/k vkfn dks ns[krs gq, vfHk;qDr jQhd [kku dks tekur lqfo/kk iznku dh x;h gSA orZeku vfHk;qDr ds fo:) djhc rhu djksM :i;s dh dyqf"kr jkf'k ds /ku'kks/ku dk vkjksi gS rFkk lg&vfHkqDr jQhd [kku ds fo:) Hkh 3-25 djksM :i;s dh dyqf"kr jkf'k ds /ku'kks/ku dk vkjksi gS] vr% ,slh fLFkfr esa orZeku vfHk;qDr@izkFkhZ 'kguokt rFkk lg&vfHkqDr jQhd [kku dk ekeyk fHkUu ugha gksdj lerqY; gSA orZeku vfHk;qDr dks bl ekeys esa fnukad 28-06-2023 dks fxj?rkj fd;k x;k rFkk 105 fnu og vUrfje tekur ij vktkn jgk Fkk] ml vof/k dks ?kVk;s tkus ds mijkUr Hkh vfHk;qDr dh okLrfod vfHkj{kk vof/k 18 ekg 7 fnu gks pqdh gS rFkk orZeku ekeys esa vHkh rd vkjksi Hkh fojfpr ugha gqvk gS] dqy 18 vfHk;kstu lk{khx.k lwph xokgku esa lwphc) gSa] ftuds foLr`r c;ku gksus gSa] vfHk;kstu }kjk dqy 184 nLrkosth lk{; ftuds i`"Bksa dh la[;k 6811 gS] izLrqr dh x;h gS] vr% ,slh fLFkfr esa fopkj.k U;k;ky; ds dk;ZHkkj vkfn dks ns[krs gq, fudV Hkfo"; esa fopkj.k iw.kZ gksus dh laHkkouk ugha gSA 17- fo}ku vfrfjDr lkWfylhVj tujy dk ;g rdZ gS fd orZeku ekeys esa vfHk;qDr }kjk vUrfje tekur lqfo/kk dks foLrkfjr djokrs le; dVwjfpr fpfdRlh; nLrkost izLrqr fd;s gSa] vr% ,slh fLFkfr esa vfHk;qDr ds vkpj.k dks ns[krs gq, og fu;fer tekur lqfo/kk izkIr djus dk vf/kdkjh ugha gSA bl laca/k esa fo}ku vf/koDrk vfHk;qDr dk fuosnu gS fd bl ckcr~ ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; vFkok bl U;k;ky; dk dksbZ fu"d"kZ vHkh rd ugha vk;k gSA /kkjk 379 ch-,u-,l-,l- ¼340 n.M izf?;k lafgrk½ dk vkosnu Hkh yafcr gS rFkk vfHk;qDr i{k dh vksj ls dksbZ dwVjpuk ugha dh x;h gSA 18- mijksDr fcUnq ij vfHkys[k dk voyksdu fd;kA bl ekeys esa vfHk;qDr dks vUrfje tekur lqfo/kk mldh iRuh dh ltZjh vkfn ds vk/kkj ij fnukad 27-08-2024 ls 10-10-2024 rd vFkkZr 45 fnu dh vof/k ds fy, nh x;h Fkh] rRi'pkr vfHk;qDr }kjk iqu% vUrfje tekur lqfo/kk dks foLrkfjr djus gsrq ,d vkosnu izLrqr dj fuosnu fd;k fd mldh iRuh dh ltZjh gks pqdh gS] ysfdu mldh ns[kjs[k gsrq ikfjokfjd lnL; miyC/k ugha gS] ftls Lohdkj djrs gq, 30 fnu dh vof/k gsrq vUrfje tekur foLrkfjr dh x;hA 19- mijksDr vof/k lekIr gksus ds i'pkr vfHk;qDr dh vksj ls ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; ds le{k vUrfje tekur dks fujUrj@foLrkfjr fd;s tkus gsrq ,l-,y-ih- 44125@2024 izLrqr dh x;h] ftleas ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; }kjk le; le; ij vUrfje tekur dh vof/k dks foLrkfjr fd;k x;k] tgka ij izorZu funs'kky; }kjk ;g fuosnu fd;k fd vfHk;qDr }kjk viuh iRuh dh ltZjh ds laca/k esa tks nLrkost izLrqr fd;s x;s gSa] ,slh dksbZ ltZjh mijksDr vLirky esa ugha gqbZ gSA ftl ij ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; }kjk lacaf/kr MkW0 ,-ds- HkVstk dk 'kiFk i= okafNr fd;k x;k ftlesa MkW0 HkVstk }kjk ;g of.kZr fd;k fd vfHk;qDr dh iRuh dh ltZjh 08 flrEcj] 2024 dks mUuko esa ugha dh x;h] cfYd fnukad 12-10-2024 dks ;g ltZjh dkuiqj esa dh x;h FkhA ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; }kjk vUrr% ;g ,l,yih okfil fy;s tkus ds vk/kkj ij fuLrkfjr dh rFkk mijksDr 'kiFk i= vkSj fpfdRlh; nLrkostksa ds laca/k esa ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; }kjk dksbZ vfHker izdV ugha fd;k x;kA mDr 'kiFk i= feF;k gS vFkok vfHk;qDr }kjk izLrqr fpfdRlh; nLrkost feF;k gSa] bl laca/k esa vHkh rd fdlh Hkh U;k;ky; dk fu.kZ; ugha vk;k gS] /kkjk 379 ch-,u-,l-,l- ¼340 n.M izf?;k lafgrk½ ds rgr vkosnu izLrqr fd;k tk pqdk gS ftlesa fof/k&vuqlkj lquokbZ gksuk 'ks"k gSA vr% ,slh fLFkfr esa mijksDr rdksaZ dks Lohdkj djrs gq, bl LVst ij ek= bl vk/kkj ij vfHk;qDr dh vksj ls izLrqr tekur vkosnu [kkfjt fd;k tkuk mfpr ugha gSA 20- fo}ku vfrfjDr lkWfylhVj tujy }kjk U;kf;d n`"VkUr Kalyan Chandra Sarkar vs. Rajesh Ranjan & Another, (2005) 2SCC 42 rFkk vU; U;kf;d n`"VkUr Ganesh vs. State of Rajasthan, (2005) SCC Online Raj. 319 izLrqr djrs gq, ;g Hkh rdZ fn;k fd izFke tekur vkosnu [kkfjt gksus ds i'pkr ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa dksbZ lkjoku ifjorZu ugha gqvk gS] vr% ,slh fLFkfr esa ;g tekur vkosnu Lohdkj ;ksX; ugha gSA 21- ;gka ;g mYys[kuh; gS fd izFke tekur vkosnu [kkfjt djrs le; bl U;k;ky; }kjk ;g vfHker fn;k x;k Fkk fd ^^vf/kfu;e&2002^^ dh /kkjk 45 esa of.kZr 'krkZsa dh lraqf"V tc rd ugha gksrh gS] rc rd mPp U;k;ky; tekur Lohdkj djus gsrq l{ke ugha gS rFkk ek= loksZPp U;k;ky; }kjk gh Hkkjrh; lafo/kku ds vuqPNsn 142 ds rgr mfpr ekeyksa esa bl izdkj dk vuqrks"k iznRr djus gsrq l{ke gS] rRi'pkr ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; }kjk ;g Li"V fd;k tk pqdk gS fd Manish Sisodia (Supra) ds ekeys esa Hkkjrh; lafo/kku ds vuqPNsn 142 ds rgr tekur lqfo/kk ugha nh x;h Fkh] vfirq vuqPNsn 21 ds rgr ekSfyd vf/kdkjksa ds guu ds QyLo:i ;g tekur lqfo/kk iznku dh x;h gS rFkk ,slh tekur lqfo/kk nsus gsrq vuqPNsn 226 ds rgr mPp U;k;ky; Hkh l{ke gSA 22- mijksDrkuqlkj fof/kd fLFkfr esa ifjorZu gksus] izFke tekur vkosnu [kkfjt gksus ds i'pkr vfHkj{kk vof/k ,d o"kZ vfHko`f)r gks tkus] leku :i ls vofLFkr lg&vfHkqDr jQhd dh tekur ekuuh; loksZPp U;k;ky; ls Lohdkj gksus rFkk vHkh rd fopkj.k izkjEHk ugha gksus dh fLFkfr vkfn dks i'pkrorhZ cnyh gqbZ ifjfLFkfr;ka ekuk tkosxk rFkk cnyh gqbZ ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa izdj.k ds xq.k&nks"kksa ij fVIi.kh fd;s fcuk izkFkhZ&vfHkqDr dks tekur dk ykHk fn;k tkuk mfpr izrhr gksrk gSA 23- ifj.kker% izkFkhZ&vfHkqDr 'kguokt vgen ftykuh iq= eksfgcqn~nhu ftykuh dh vksj ls izLrqr ;g r`rh; tekur izkFkZuk i= Lohdkj dj vkns'k fn;k tkrk gS fd izkFkhZ bl ekeys esa fo}ku fopkj.k U;k;ky; ds larks"kizn] muds U;k;ky; ;k varfjrh U;k;ky; esa fu;r frfFk;ksa ij ,oa tc Hkh mls cqyk;k tk, ,oa fopkj.k U;k;ky; dh iwoZ vuqefr ds fcuk vfHk;qDr Hkkjr ugha NksMsxk] bl vaMjVsfdax ds lkFk viuh mifLFkfr gsrq 5]00]000@& :i;s dk cU/k&i= rFkk 2]50]000&2]50]000@& :i;s dh nks lqn`< izfrHkwfr;ka izLrqr dj izekf.kr djkos rks gLrxr izdj.k esa mls tekur ij fjgk dj fn;k tk,A